Exam 7: Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Rock salt and rock gypsum are both examples of ____.

Hydrocarbons are formed largely from the ____.

Tar sand is a type of sandstone in which viscous, asphalt-like hydrocarbons fill the pore spaces.

When geologists trace a layer of sediment or sedimentary rock laterally, the layers change in composition, texture, or both. These changes result from the ____.

Conglomerate is common, but sedimentary breccia is not. Why?

Describe how compaction lithifies mud sediments.

Clams, oysters, corals, and some plants make their skeletons of minerals and form ____________________ sedimentary rocks.

Texture and geometry are usually sufficient to determine the depositional environment of a sedimentary rock.

A rock composed almost entirely of fragmented seashells is called ____.

Marine regression occurs when ____.

Placer deposits are surface accumulations resulting from the mixing of materials as they are transported.

Sedimentary rocks are rarely encountered on Earth without digging.

Most gravel ____.

Graded bedding forms when ____.

A vertical sequence of transgressive and regressive facies records the rise and fall of sea level.

____________________ form when layers are arranged at an angle to the surface on which they were deposited and the layers are inclined in the direction of wind or water ____________________.

The most common and effective agent for transporting sediment is ____.

One reason that sedimentary rocks are important in deciphering Earth history is that they ____.

A sedimentary rock in which all the grains are about the same size can be characterized as ____.

Detrital sedimentary rocks can undergo lithification by ____.