Question 1

Why is an ABAB reversal design better than an ABA reversal design?

Accepted Answer

An ABAB design is better than an ABA design for two reasons. First, it allows us to further assess the effectiveness of the independent variable by introducing it a second time. Second, it leaves the participant with the treatment, rather than leaving them with the baseline (no treatment) condition. Thus, it is more ethical than the ABA design.​

Question 2

An uncontrolled extraneous variable is

Accepted Answer

A) a confound 
B) internally valid 
C) externally valid 
D) a subject variable. 
A) a confound 
B) internally valid 
C) externally valid 
D) a subject variable. A

Question 3

An English teacher is interested in whether using computer writing assignments will improve his students' writing skills. He decides to use the computer writing assignments in one of the two freshman English classes that he teaches. Which type of quasi-experimental design do you recommend for this study? Why?

Accepted Answer

A nonequivalent control group pretest/posttest design would be best here. The teacher could use one of the classes as the nonequivalent control group and the other as the experimental group. The pretest would help to identify any difference in writing ability between the two classes before the experiment began. The posttest would identify any changes in each group after the experiment​

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a type of small-n design?

Accepted Answer

A) ABA reversal designs 
B) ABAB reversal designs 
C) multiple-baseline designs 
D) single-group posttest-only design 
A) ABA reversal designs 
B) ABAB reversal designs 
C) multiple-baseline designs 
D) single-group posttest-only design

Question 5

Identify the three types of single-group designs discussed in the text noting possible advantages or disadvantages of each.

Accepted Answer

Posttest-only designs are open to many c

Question 6

Multiple-baseline designs can be assessed across

Accepted Answer

A) time. 
B) situations. 
C) behaviors. 
D) both situations and behaviors. 
A) time. 
B) situations. 
C) behaviors. 
D) both situations and behaviors.

Question 7

Small-n and single-case research is often considered a variation of _____ design(s).

Accepted Answer

A) a quasi-experimental 
B) a within-participant 
C) a between-participant 
D) both quasi-experimental and within-participant 
A) a quasi-experimental 
B) a within-participant 
C) a between-participant 
D) both quasi-experimental and within-participant

Question 8

_____ designs help to control for cohort effects.

Accepted Answer

A) Cross-sectional 
B) Longitudinal 
C) Sequential 
D) Both longitudinal and sequential 
A) Cross-sectional 
B) Longitudinal 
C) Sequential 
D) Both longitudinal and sequential

Question 9

_____ is the extent to which the results of an experiment can be attributed to the manipulation of the independent variable rather than to some extraneous variable.

Accepted Answer

A) Confounding 
B) Internal validity 
C) Regression to the mean 
D) External validity 
A) Confounding 
B) Internal validity 
C) Regression to the mean 
D) External validity

Question 10

A design in which only one participant is used is to a(n) _____ design as a design in which only a few participants are used is to a _____ design.

Accepted Answer

A) small-n; single-case 
B) single-case; small-n 
C) single-case; reversal 
D) ABA; small-n 
A) small-n; single-case 
B) single-case; small-n 
C) single-case; reversal 
D) ABA; small-n

Question 11

Explain the difference between correlational, quasi-experimental, and true-experimental designs.

Accepted Answer

A correlational design has two measured

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a type of multiple-baseline design?

Accepted Answer

A) multiple-baseline across participants 
B) multiple-baseline across time 
C) multiple-baseline across situations 
D) multiple-baseline across behaviors 
A) multiple-baseline across participants 
B) multiple-baseline across time 
C) multiple-baseline across situations 
D) multiple-baseline across behaviors

Question 13

A problem with single-group designs is that

Accepted Answer

A) they are open to many confounds. 
B) there is no comparison group. 
C) there is no equivalent control group. 
D) all of the above 
A) they are open to many confounds. 
B) there is no comparison group. 
C) there is no equivalent control group. 
D) all of the above

Question 14

In _____ designs, many measures are taken so that the effect of the treatment can be seen over time.

Accepted Answer

A) pretest-posttest 
B) single-group 
C) nonequivalent control group 
D) time-series 
A) pretest-posttest 
B) single-group 
C) nonequivalent control group 
D) time-series

Question 15

Which of the following is not a type of quasi-experimental design?

Accepted Answer

A) nonequivalent control group posttest-only design 
B) correlated-groups design 
C) multiple-group time-series design 
D) nonequivalent control group pretest/posttest design 
A) nonequivalent control group posttest-only design 
B) correlated-groups design 
C) multiple-group time-series design 
D) nonequivalent control group pretest/posttest design

Question 16

A design in which a single group of subjects is given a treatment and then tested is a(n) _____ design.​

Accepted Answer

A) correlational 
B) single-group posttest-only 
C) single-group pretest/posttest 
D) experimental 
A) correlational 
B) single-group posttest-only 
C) single-group pretest/posttest 
D) experimental

Question 17

A design in which at least two nonequivalent groups are measured both before and after treatment is a(n) _____ design.​

Accepted Answer

A) experimental 
B) correlational 
C) nonequivalent control group posttest-only 
D) nonequivalent control group pretest/posttest 
A) experimental 
B) correlational 
C) nonequivalent control group posttest-only 
D) nonequivalent control group pretest/posttest

Question 18

A threat to internal validity in which extreme scores, upon retesting, tend to be less extreme is called

Accepted Answer

A) a time-series confound. 
B) a single-group effect. 
C) regression to the mean. 
D) none of the options is correct 
A) a time-series confound. 
B) a single-group effect. 
C) regression to the mean. 
D) none of the options is correct

Question 19

Two measured variables are to the _____ as one nonmanipulated independent variable and one measured variable are to the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) quasi-experimental method; correlational method 
B) correlational method; quasi-experimental method 
C) quasi-experimental method; experimental method 
D) experimental method; quasi-experimental method 
A) quasi-experimental method; correlational method 
B) correlational method; quasi-experimental method 
C) quasi-experimental method; experimental method 
D) experimental method; quasi-experimental method

Question 20

Identify the three types of multiple-baseline designs discussed in the text.

Accepted Answer

The first design is a multiple-baseline

Why is an ABAB reversal design better than an ABA reversal design?

An uncontrolled extraneous variable is

Which of the following is NOT a type of small-n design?

Identify the three types of single-group designs discussed in the text noting possible advantages or disadvantages of each.

Multiple-baseline designs can be assessed across

Small-n and single-case research is often considered a variation of _____ design(s).

_____ designs help to control for cohort effects.

_____ is the extent to which the results of an experiment can be attributed to the manipulation of the independent variable rather than to some extraneous variable.

A design in which only one participant is used is to a(n) _ design as a design in which only a few participants are used is to a _ design.

Explain the difference between correlational, quasi-experimental, and true-experimental designs.

Which of the following is NOT a type of multiple-baseline design?

A problem with single-group designs is that

In _____ designs, many measures are taken so that the effect of the treatment can be seen over time.

Which of the following is not a type of quasi-experimental design?

A design in which a single group of subjects is given a treatment and then tested is a(n) _____ design.

A design in which at least two nonequivalent groups are measured both before and after treatment is a(n) _____ design.

A threat to internal validity in which extreme scores, upon retesting, tend to be less extreme is called

Two measured variables are to the _ as one nonmanipulated independent variable and one measured variable are to the _.

Identify the three types of multiple-baseline designs discussed in the text.

Thinking Like a Scientist

Getting Started

Defining Measuring and Manipulating Variables

Descriptive Methods

Data Organization and Descriptive Statistics

Correlational Methods and Statistics

Probability and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Inferential Statistics

Experimental Design and Analysis I

Experimental Design and Analysis II

Experimental Design and Analysis III

Experimental Design and Analysis Iv

Nonparametric Inferential Statistics

APA Communication Guidelines

Filters

Exam 13: Quasi Experimental and Single Case Designs

Why is an ABAB reversal design better than an ABA reversal design?

An uncontrolled extraneous variable is

Which of the following is NOT a type of small-n design?

Identify the three types of single-group designs discussed in the text noting possible advantages or disadvantages of each.

Multiple-baseline designs can be assessed across

Small-n and single-case research is often considered a variation of _____ design(s).

_____ designs help to control for cohort effects.

_____ is the extent to which the results of an experiment can be attributed to the manipulation of the independent variable rather than to some extraneous variable.

A design in which only one participant is used is to a(n) _____ design as a design in which only a few participants are used is to a _____ design.

Explain the difference between correlational, quasi-experimental, and true-experimental designs.

Which of the following is NOT a type of multiple-baseline design?

A problem with single-group designs is that

In _____ designs, many measures are taken so that the effect of the treatment can be seen over time.

Which of the following is not a type of quasi-experimental design?

A design in which a single group of subjects is given a treatment and then tested is a(n) _____ design.​

A design in which at least two nonequivalent groups are measured both before and after treatment is a(n) _____ design.​

A threat to internal validity in which extreme scores, upon retesting, tend to be less extreme is called

Two measured variables are to the _____ as one nonmanipulated independent variable and one measured variable are to the _____.

Identify the three types of multiple-baseline designs discussed in the text.

Thinking Like a Scientist

Getting Started

Defining Measuring and Manipulating Variables

Descriptive Methods

Data Organization and Descriptive Statistics

Correlational Methods and Statistics

Probability and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Inferential Statistics

Experimental Design and Analysis I

Experimental Design and Analysis II

Experimental Design and Analysis III

Experimental Design and Analysis Iv

Nonparametric Inferential Statistics

APA Communication Guidelines

Filters

A design in which only one participant is used is to a(n) _ design as a design in which only a few participants are used is to a _ design.

A design in which a single group of subjects is given a treatment and then tested is a(n) _____ design.

A design in which at least two nonequivalent groups are measured both before and after treatment is a(n) _____ design.

Two measured variables are to the _ as one nonmanipulated independent variable and one measured variable are to the _.