Question 1

Identify and briefly describe the three criteria that help to define science.​

Accepted Answer

The three criteria are: systematic empiricism; public verification; and solvable problems.
Systematic empiricism involves making observations in a systematic manner in order to test hypotheses and refute or develop a theory. Public verification involves presenting research to the public so that it can be observed, replicated, criticized, and tested. Lastly, using solvable problems means that scientists study only questions that are potentially answerable by means of currently available research techniques.​

Question 2

Mike pitched a great game on Saturday, and he believes that it is because he wore his lucky socks. He has now decided that he will wear these socks for every game of the season because he believes that they will make him lucky. This belief is based on _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) superstition 
B) rationalism 
C) authority 
D) science 
A) superstition 
B) rationalism 
C) authority 
D) science A

Question 3

In a study on the effects of sleep on driving performance, driving performance would be the​

Accepted Answer

A) control group. 
B) independent variable. 
C) experimental group. 
D) dependent variable. 
A) control group. 
B) independent variable. 
C) experimental group. 
D) dependent variable. D

Question 4

Questions that are potentially answerable by means of currently available research techniques are known as​

Accepted Answer

A) systematic empiricism.​ 
B) the principle of falsifiability. 
C) solvable problems. 
D) public verification. 
A) systematic empiricism.​ 
B) the principle of falsifiability. 
C) solvable problems. 
D) public verification.

Question 5

In an experimental study of the effects of practice on reaction time, practice would be the​

Accepted Answer

A) control group. 
B) independent variable. 
C) experimental group. 
D) dependent variable. 
A) control group. 
B) independent variable. 
C) experimental group. 
D) dependent variable.

Question 6

Although Mulder believes in the paranormal, Scully questions the validity of such beliefs because she is a

Accepted Answer

A) pagan. 
B) parapsychologist. 
C) skeptic. 
D) pseudoscientist. 
A) pagan. 
B) parapsychologist. 
C) skeptic. 
D) pseudoscientist.

Question 7

As a researcher, Ray is simply interested in finding answers to the questions he poses. Ray is most interested in _____ research.​

Accepted Answer

A) naturalistic 
B) laboratory 
C) applied​ 
D) basic 
A) naturalistic 
B) laboratory 
C) applied​ 
D) basic

Question 8

Descriptive methods include​

Accepted Answer

A) correlational and quasi-experimental methods. 
B) only the experimental method. 
C) observational, case study, and survey methods. 
D) only the quasi-experimental method. 
A) correlational and quasi-experimental methods. 
B) only the experimental method. 
C) observational, case study, and survey methods. 
D) only the quasi-experimental method.

Question 9

Gaining knowledge from those viewed as authority figures is to knowledge via _____ as stubbornly clinging to knowledge gained from repeated ideas is to knowledge via _____.

Accepted Answer

A) tenacity; authority 
B) rationalism; tenacity 
C) authority; tenacity 
D) intuition; authority 
A) tenacity; authority 
B) rationalism; tenacity 
C) authority; tenacity 
D) intuition; authority

Question 10

In a study of the effects of nicotine on concentration, participants who smoke are compared to those who do not on a measure of concentration. Identify the independent variable and dependent variable in this study. Is the independent variable a manipulated variable or a participant variable? What type of research method is used in this study?

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the amount o

Question 11

Identify and briefly describe the three goals of science.​

Accepted Answer

The three goals of science are to descri

Question 12

Gaining knowledge via science involves using _____ and _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) empiricism; intuition 
B) tenacity; authority 
C) intuition; logical reasoning 
D) empiricism; rationalism 
A) empiricism; intuition 
B) tenacity; authority 
C) intuition; logical reasoning 
D) empiricism; rationalism

Question 13

An in-depth study of one or more individuals is​

Accepted Answer

A) laboratory observation. 
B) naturalistic observation. 
C) a survey. 
D) a case study. 
A) laboratory observation. 
B) naturalistic observation. 
C) a survey. 
D) a case study.

Question 14

The group of participants that serves as the baseline in a study is to _____ group as the group of participants that receives some level of treatment is to _____ group.​

Accepted Answer

A) independent; dependent 
B) dependent; independent 
C) control; experimental 
D) experimental; control 
A) independent; dependent 
B) dependent; independent 
C) control; experimental 
D) experimental; control

Question 15

Presenting research so that it can be observed, replicated, criticized, and tested is known as​

Accepted Answer

A) systematic empiricism. 
B) the principle of falsifiability. 
C) pseudoscience. 
D) public verification. 
A) systematic empiricism. 
B) the principle of falsifiability. 
C) pseudoscience. 
D) public verification.

Question 16

Hypothesis is to _____ as theory is to _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) an organized system of assumptions and principles that attempts to explain certain phenomena and how they are related; a prediction regarding the outcome of a study 
B) a prediction regarding the outcome of a study; an organized system of assumptions and principles that attempts to explain certain phenomena and how they are related 
C) not used in science; used in science 
D) used in science; not used in science 
A) an organized system of assumptions and principles that attempts to explain certain phenomena and how they are related; a prediction regarding the outcome of a study 
B) a prediction regarding the outcome of a study; an organized system of assumptions and principles that attempts to explain certain phenomena and how they are related 
C) not used in science; used in science 
D) used in science; not used in science

Question 17

Observing the behavior of humans or other animals in a contrived and controlled situation involves using the _____ method.​

Accepted Answer

A) laboratory observational​ 
B) naturalistic observational 
C) correlational 
D) survey 
A) laboratory observational​ 
B) naturalistic observational 
C) correlational 
D) survey

Question 18

Explain what a negative correlation between depression and self-esteem means.​

Accepted Answer

A negative correlation between depressio

Question 19

In a study comparing collaborative group learning to the traditional lecture/discussion method of learning, participants are randomly assigned to one of the two conditions. Identify the independent variable and dependent variable in this study. Is the independent variable a manipulated variable or a participant variable? What type of research method is used in this study?

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the type of

Question 20

In order to discover the extent to which education can be used to predict political preferences, researchers are most likely to engage in​

Accepted Answer

A) correlational research. 
B) naturalistic observation. 
C) the case study approach. 
D) experimental research. 
A) correlational research. 
B) naturalistic observation. 
C) the case study approach. 
D) experimental research.

Identify and briefly describe the three criteria that help to define science.

Mike pitched a great game on Saturday, and he believes that it is because he wore his lucky socks. He has now decided that he will wear these socks for every game of the season because he believes that they will make him lucky. This belief is based on _____.

In a study on the effects of sleep on driving performance, driving performance would be the

Questions that are potentially answerable by means of currently available research techniques are known as

In an experimental study of the effects of practice on reaction time, practice would be the

Although Mulder believes in the paranormal, Scully questions the validity of such beliefs because she is a

As a researcher, Ray is simply interested in finding answers to the questions he poses. Ray is most interested in _____ research.

Descriptive methods include

Gaining knowledge from those viewed as authority figures is to knowledge via _ as stubbornly clinging to knowledge gained from repeated ideas is to knowledge via _.

Identify and briefly describe the three goals of science.

Gaining knowledge via science involves using _ and _.

An in-depth study of one or more individuals is

The group of participants that serves as the baseline in a study is to _ group as the group of participants that receives some level of treatment is to _ group.

Presenting research so that it can be observed, replicated, criticized, and tested is known as

Hypothesis is to _ as theory is to _.

Observing the behavior of humans or other animals in a contrived and controlled situation involves using the _____ method.

Explain what a negative correlation between depression and self-esteem means.

In order to discover the extent to which education can be used to predict political preferences, researchers are most likely to engage in

Getting Started

Defining Measuring and Manipulating Variables

Descriptive Methods

Data Organization and Descriptive Statistics

Correlational Methods and Statistics

Probability and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Inferential Statistics

Experimental Design and Analysis I

Experimental Design and Analysis II

Experimental Design and Analysis III

Experimental Design and Analysis Iv

Quasi Experimental and Single Case Designs

Nonparametric Inferential Statistics

APA Communication Guidelines

Filters

Exam 1: Thinking Like a Scientist

Identify and briefly describe the three criteria that help to define science.​

Mike pitched a great game on Saturday, and he believes that it is because he wore his lucky socks. He has now decided that he will wear these socks for every game of the season because he believes that they will make him lucky. This belief is based on _____.​

In a study on the effects of sleep on driving performance, driving performance would be the​

Questions that are potentially answerable by means of currently available research techniques are known as​

In an experimental study of the effects of practice on reaction time, practice would be the​

Although Mulder believes in the paranormal, Scully questions the validity of such beliefs because she is a

As a researcher, Ray is simply interested in finding answers to the questions he poses. Ray is most interested in _____ research.​

Descriptive methods include​

Gaining knowledge from those viewed as authority figures is to knowledge via _____ as stubbornly clinging to knowledge gained from repeated ideas is to knowledge via _____.

Identify and briefly describe the three goals of science.​

Gaining knowledge via science involves using _____ and _____.​

An in-depth study of one or more individuals is​

The group of participants that serves as the baseline in a study is to _____ group as the group of participants that receives some level of treatment is to _____ group.​

Presenting research so that it can be observed, replicated, criticized, and tested is known as​

Hypothesis is to _____ as theory is to _____.​

Observing the behavior of humans or other animals in a contrived and controlled situation involves using the _____ method.​

Explain what a negative correlation between depression and self-esteem means.​

In order to discover the extent to which education can be used to predict political preferences, researchers are most likely to engage in​

Getting Started

Defining Measuring and Manipulating Variables

Descriptive Methods

Data Organization and Descriptive Statistics

Correlational Methods and Statistics

Probability and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Inferential Statistics

Experimental Design and Analysis I

Experimental Design and Analysis II

Experimental Design and Analysis III

Experimental Design and Analysis Iv

Quasi Experimental and Single Case Designs

Nonparametric Inferential Statistics

APA Communication Guidelines

Filters

Identify and briefly describe the three criteria that help to define science.

Mike pitched a great game on Saturday, and he believes that it is because he wore his lucky socks. He has now decided that he will wear these socks for every game of the season because he believes that they will make him lucky. This belief is based on _____.

In a study on the effects of sleep on driving performance, driving performance would be the

Questions that are potentially answerable by means of currently available research techniques are known as

In an experimental study of the effects of practice on reaction time, practice would be the

As a researcher, Ray is simply interested in finding answers to the questions he poses. Ray is most interested in _____ research.

Descriptive methods include

Gaining knowledge from those viewed as authority figures is to knowledge via _ as stubbornly clinging to knowledge gained from repeated ideas is to knowledge via _.

Identify and briefly describe the three goals of science.

Gaining knowledge via science involves using _ and _.

An in-depth study of one or more individuals is

The group of participants that serves as the baseline in a study is to _ group as the group of participants that receives some level of treatment is to _ group.

Presenting research so that it can be observed, replicated, criticized, and tested is known as

Hypothesis is to _ as theory is to _.

Observing the behavior of humans or other animals in a contrived and controlled situation involves using the _____ method.

Explain what a negative correlation between depression and self-esteem means.

In order to discover the extent to which education can be used to predict political preferences, researchers are most likely to engage in