Question 1

The problem of a correlation between two variables being dependent on another variable is called _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) the third-variable problem 
B) causality 
C) directionality 
D) restrictive range 
A) the third-variable problem 
B) causality 
C) directionality 
D) restrictive range A

Question 2

Imagine that you assessed the relationship between the variables of nutrition and general health. Draw the scatterplot depicting what this relationship would look like.​

Accepted Answer

​

Question 3

The problem of _____ can often be identified by using a _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) causality; point-biserial correlation 
B) directionality; phi coefficient 
C) third variables; partial correlation 
D) restrictive range; point-biserial correlation 
A) causality; point-biserial correlation 
B) directionality; phi coefficient 
C) third variables; partial correlation 
D) restrictive range; point-biserial correlation C

Question 4

In a recent study it was found that the correlation between self-esteem and depression was ‑0.64. Explain what this means. Calculate the coefficient of determination for this correlation and explain what information this provides.​

Accepted Answer

​This is a moderately strong negative co

Question 5

Two variables increasing and decreasing together is to _____ as two variables moving in opposite directions is to _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) no relationship; curvilinear relationship 
B) curvilinear relationship; negative relationship 
C) positive relationship; negative relationship 
D) negative relationship; positive relationship 
A) no relationship; curvilinear relationship 
B) curvilinear relationship; negative relationship 
C) positive relationship; negative relationship 
D) negative relationship; positive relationship

Question 6

If a correlation coefficient that you expected to be fairly high, turns out to be very low, you should investigate whether there is a

Accepted Answer

A) restrictive range on one or both variables. 
B) curvilinear relationship between the variables. 
C) third variable inhibiting the relationship. 
D) restrictive range on one or both variables and a curvilinear relationship between the variables. 
A) restrictive range on one or both variables. 
B) curvilinear relationship between the variables. 
C) third variable inhibiting the relationship. 
D) restrictive range on one or both variables and a curvilinear relationship between the variables.

Question 7

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the variables with the weakest degree of relationship?​

Accepted Answer

A) +0.99 
B) ‑1.00 
C) +0.01 
D) ‑0.59 
A) +0.99 
B) ‑1.00 
C) +0.01 
D) ‑0.59

Question 8

In the case of a negative relationship, as scores on X _____, scores on Y _____.

Accepted Answer

A) increase; decrease 
B) increase; increase 
C) decrease; decrease 
D) none of the other alternatives is correct 
A) increase; decrease 
B) increase; increase 
C) decrease; decrease 
D) none of the other alternatives is correct

Question 9

Pam is interested is assessing the degree of relationship between gender and test grades in her psychology class. Pam should use the _____ correlation coefficient to assess this.

Accepted Answer

A) partial 
B) point-biserial 
C) phi 
D) Pearson product-moment 
A) partial 
B) point-biserial 
C) phi 
D) Pearson product-moment

Question 10

Calculate the Pearson product-moment correlation for the data below.​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Calculate the Pearson product-moment correlation for the...

Question 11

The _____ indicates the magnitude of a correlation coefficient.

Accepted Answer

A) slope 
B) sign 
C) absolute value 
D) none of the alternative is correct 
A) slope 
B) sign 
C) absolute value 
D) none of the alternative is correct

Question 12

When there is a _____ relationship, as scores on X increase, scores on Y decrease.

Accepted Answer

A) positive 
B) negative 
C) curvilinear 
D) zero 
A) positive 
B) negative 
C) curvilinear 
D) zero

Question 13

Explain how curvilinear relationships can be a problem when interpreting correlation coefficients.​

Accepted Answer

Because a curvilinear relationship would

Question 14

What is the third-variable problem and how does the partial correlation technique help with this problem?

Accepted Answer

​The third-variable problem is one in wh

Question 15

In the case of a positive relationship, as scores on X _____, scores on Y _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) increase; decrease​ 
B) decrease; increase 
C) decrease; decrease 
D) none of the other alternatives is correct 
A) increase; decrease​ 
B) decrease; increase 
C) decrease; decrease 
D) none of the other alternatives is correct

Question 16

Explain when each of the correlation coefficients listed below should be used.

Accepted Answer

Pearson product-moment correlation coeff

Question 17

Two nominal variables are to _____ coefficient as two ordinal variables are to _____ coefficient.​

Accepted Answer

A) Pearson product-moment correlation; Spearman rank-order correlation 
B) Spearman rank-order correlation; Pearson product-moment correlation 
C) phi; Spearman rank-order correlation 
D) point-biserial correlation; Spearman rank-order correlation 
A) Pearson product-moment correlation; Spearman rank-order correlation 
B) Spearman rank-order correlation; Pearson product-moment correlation 
C) phi; Spearman rank-order correlation 
D) point-biserial correlation; Spearman rank-order correlation

Question 18

Per the text, we would expect the correlation between smoking and lung cancer to be _____ whereas we would expect the correlation between mountain elevation and temperature to be _____.

Accepted Answer

A) curvilinear; negative 
B) positive; negative 
C) negative; positive 
D) positive; curvilinear 
A) curvilinear; negative 
B) positive; negative 
C) negative; positive 
D) positive; curvilinear

Question 19

If both variables are measured on a nominal scale, what type of correlation coefficient is appropriate?​

Accepted Answer

A) Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient 
B) phi coefficient 
C) point-biserial correlation coefficient 
D) none, because correlations cannot be computed on nominal data 
A) Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient 
B) phi coefficient 
C) point-biserial correlation coefficient 
D) none, because correlations cannot be computed on nominal data

Question 20

An indication of the strength of the relationship between two variables is the _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) slope 
B) sign 
C) scatterplot 
D) magnitude 
A) slope 
B) sign 
C) scatterplot 
D) magnitude

The problem of a correlation between two variables being dependent on another variable is called _____.

Imagine that you assessed the relationship between the variables of nutrition and general health. Draw the scatterplot depicting what this relationship would look like.

The problem of _ can often be identified by using a _.

In a recent study it was found that the correlation between self-esteem and depression was ‑0.64. Explain what this means. Calculate the coefficient of determination for this correlation and explain what information this provides.

Two variables increasing and decreasing together is to _ as two variables moving in opposite directions is to _.

If a correlation coefficient that you expected to be fairly high, turns out to be very low, you should investigate whether there is a

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the variables with the weakest degree of relationship?

In the case of a negative relationship, as scores on X _, scores on Y _.

Pam is interested is assessing the degree of relationship between gender and test grades in her psychology class. Pam should use the _____ correlation coefficient to assess this.

Calculate the Pearson product-moment correlation for the data below.

The _____ indicates the magnitude of a correlation coefficient.

When there is a _____ relationship, as scores on X increase, scores on Y decrease.

Explain how curvilinear relationships can be a problem when interpreting correlation coefficients.

What is the third-variable problem and how does the partial correlation technique help with this problem?

In the case of a positive relationship, as scores on X _, scores on Y _.

Explain when each of the correlation coefficients listed below should be used.

Two nominal variables are to _ coefficient as two ordinal variables are to _ coefficient.

Per the text, we would expect the correlation between smoking and lung cancer to be _ whereas we would expect the correlation between mountain elevation and temperature to be _.

If both variables are measured on a nominal scale, what type of correlation coefficient is appropriate?

An indication of the strength of the relationship between two variables is the _____.

Thinking Like a Scientist

Getting Started

Defining Measuring and Manipulating Variables

Descriptive Methods

Data Organization and Descriptive Statistics

Probability and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Inferential Statistics

Experimental Design and Analysis I

Experimental Design and Analysis II

Experimental Design and Analysis III

Experimental Design and Analysis Iv

Quasi Experimental and Single Case Designs

Nonparametric Inferential Statistics

APA Communication Guidelines

Filters

Exam 6: Correlational Methods and Statistics

The problem of a correlation between two variables being dependent on another variable is called _____.​

Imagine that you assessed the relationship between the variables of nutrition and general health. Draw the scatterplot depicting what this relationship would look like.​

The problem of _____ can often be identified by using a _____.​

In a recent study it was found that the correlation between self-esteem and depression was ‑0.64. Explain what this means. Calculate the coefficient of determination for this correlation and explain what information this provides.​

Two variables increasing and decreasing together is to _____ as two variables moving in opposite directions is to _____.​

If a correlation coefficient that you expected to be fairly high, turns out to be very low, you should investigate whether there is a

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the variables with the weakest degree of relationship?​

In the case of a negative relationship, as scores on X _____, scores on Y _____.

Pam is interested is assessing the degree of relationship between gender and test grades in her psychology class. Pam should use the _____ correlation coefficient to assess this.

Calculate the Pearson product-moment correlation for the data below.​

The _____ indicates the magnitude of a correlation coefficient.

When there is a _____ relationship, as scores on X increase, scores on Y decrease.

Explain how curvilinear relationships can be a problem when interpreting correlation coefficients.​

What is the third-variable problem and how does the partial correlation technique help with this problem?

In the case of a positive relationship, as scores on X _____, scores on Y _____.​

Explain when each of the correlation coefficients listed below should be used.

Two nominal variables are to _____ coefficient as two ordinal variables are to _____ coefficient.​

Per the text, we would expect the correlation between smoking and lung cancer to be _____ whereas we would expect the correlation between mountain elevation and temperature to be _____.

If both variables are measured on a nominal scale, what type of correlation coefficient is appropriate?​

An indication of the strength of the relationship between two variables is the _____.​

Thinking Like a Scientist

Getting Started

Defining Measuring and Manipulating Variables

Descriptive Methods

Data Organization and Descriptive Statistics

Probability and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Inferential Statistics

Experimental Design and Analysis I

Experimental Design and Analysis II

Experimental Design and Analysis III

Experimental Design and Analysis Iv

Quasi Experimental and Single Case Designs

Nonparametric Inferential Statistics

APA Communication Guidelines

Filters

The problem of a correlation between two variables being dependent on another variable is called _____.

Imagine that you assessed the relationship between the variables of nutrition and general health. Draw the scatterplot depicting what this relationship would look like.

The problem of _ can often be identified by using a _.

In a recent study it was found that the correlation between self-esteem and depression was ‑0.64. Explain what this means. Calculate the coefficient of determination for this correlation and explain what information this provides.

Two variables increasing and decreasing together is to _ as two variables moving in opposite directions is to _.

Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the variables with the weakest degree of relationship?

In the case of a negative relationship, as scores on X _, scores on Y _.

Calculate the Pearson product-moment correlation for the data below.

Explain how curvilinear relationships can be a problem when interpreting correlation coefficients.

In the case of a positive relationship, as scores on X _, scores on Y _.

Two nominal variables are to _ coefficient as two ordinal variables are to _ coefficient.

Per the text, we would expect the correlation between smoking and lung cancer to be _ whereas we would expect the correlation between mountain elevation and temperature to be _.

If both variables are measured on a nominal scale, what type of correlation coefficient is appropriate?

An indication of the strength of the relationship between two variables is the _____.