Question 1

Which basic approach to social research lends itself best to studies of long-term social change?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimentation 
B)  survey research 
C)  field research 
D)  available-data research 
A)  experimentation 
B)  survey research 
C)  field research 
D)  available-data research

Question 2

Indexes are similar to scales in that both

Accepted Answer

A)  are composite measures of concepts. 
B)  reflect an arbitrary combination of items. 
C)  are designed and tested for unidimensional measurement. 
D)  rely exclusively on survey data. 
A)  are composite measures of concepts. 
B)  reflect an arbitrary combination of items. 
C)  are designed and tested for unidimensional measurement. 
D)  rely exclusively on survey data.

Question 3

Despite their value, replications are infrequent in social research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The fixed-effects and random-effects frameworks for meta-analysis differ with respect to

Accepted Answer

A)  assumptions made about the sources of variability between studies. 
B)  the type of studies-experiments or surveys-that are analyzed. 
C)  the appropriateness of conducting tests of statistical significance. 
D)  the presence or absence of random processes such as random sampling and random assignment in the studies that are being analyzed. 
A)  assumptions made about the sources of variability between studies. 
B)  the type of studies-experiments or surveys-that are analyzed. 
C)  the appropriateness of conducting tests of statistical significance. 
D)  the presence or absence of random processes such as random sampling and random assignment in the studies that are being analyzed.

Question 5

Sociologists Richard Schwartz and James Miller proposed that changes in societies' legal systems parallel changes in societal complexity (or, in Durkheim's terms, the societal "division of labor"). Fully developed legal systems are seen to have the following three characteristics:
i) Mediation: regular use of third parties to settle disputes
ii) Police: use of specialized, armed force to enforce laws
iii) Counsel: regular use of specialized, nonkin advocates (e.g., lawyers)
Assuming that these three characteristics, in order, represent a progression of complexity, present a table that shows the response pattern of a perfect Guttman scale. Then give an example of a "nonscale" response pattern.

Accepted Answer

A perfect Guttman scale response pattern

Question 6

The "file drawer" problem in meta-analysis refers to the overabundance of previous studies on a research question.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Field research is generally the easiest type of research to replicate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Some research indicates that people tend to associate status and height. As a consequence, we tend to perceive persons with prestigious positions or titles as taller than they actually are. Briefly describe how you could test this hypothesis with three different approaches: an experiment, a survey, and the analysis of existing data. Then, compare the relative advantages and disadvantages of using each approach.

Accepted Answer

Experiment: 
One approach to test this h

Question 9

Because of suspicions about unpublished research, meta-analysis is restricted to studies identified in computer searches of standard literature databases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Meta-analysis may be used to assess the external validity of a finding or to test a new hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Andrew Cherlin and associates applied the triangulation concept in their study of the influence of abuse on marriage and cohabitation by

Accepted Answer

A)  integrating field research methods with survey research methods. 
B)  comparing surveys of respondents in low-income and high-income areas. 
C)  replicating their survey five times within a period of ten years. 
D)  incorporating an experimental design within their surveys of three communities. 
A)  integrating field research methods with survey research methods. 
B)  comparing surveys of respondents in low-income and high-income areas. 
C)  replicating their survey five times within a period of ten years. 
D)  incorporating an experimental design within their surveys of three communities.

Question 12

In comparison with the original Minneapolis Spouse Abuse Experiment, Berk and Newton's replication

Accepted Answer

A)  found that mediation was more likely than arrest to deter domestic violence. 
B)  had greater internal validity. 
C)  involved a different setting and no manipulation of the independent variable. 
D)  used probability sampling as well as random assignment. 
E)  involved different measures of the dependent variable. 
A)  found that mediation was more likely than arrest to deter domestic violence. 
B)  had greater internal validity. 
C)  involved a different setting and no manipulation of the independent variable. 
D)  used probability sampling as well as random assignment. 
E)  involved different measures of the dependent variable.

Question 13

Which basic approach to social research optimizes internal validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimentation 
B)  survey research 
C)  field research 
D)  available-data research 
A)  experimentation 
B)  survey research 
C)  field research 
D)  available-data research

Question 14

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of meta-analysis with respect to internal and external validity.

Accepted Answer

Meta-analysis is a powerful statistical

Question 15

To understand the effect of abuse on marriage and cohabitation, Andrew Cherlin and associates

Accepted Answer

A)  conducted a survey after using field research to identify victims of abuse. 
B)  did field research on single-parent households that were identified in a survey. 
C)  used survey data to test hypotheses developed from field research. 
D)  used field research to make sense of conflicting survey results. 
A)  conducted a survey after using field research to identify victims of abuse. 
B)  did field research on single-parent households that were identified in a survey. 
C)  used survey data to test hypotheses developed from field research. 
D)  used field research to make sense of conflicting survey results.

Question 16

Which basic approach to social research is most likely to use college students as the units of analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimentation 
B)  survey research 
C)  field research 
D)  available-data research 
A)  experimentation 
B)  survey research 
C)  field research 
D)  available-data research

Question 17

Which basic approach to social research generally is most difficult to replicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimentation 
B)  survey research 
C)  field research 
D)  available-data research 
A)  experimentation 
B)  survey research 
C)  field research 
D)  available-data research

Question 18

Structural equation modeling differs from composite measurement in that it

Accepted Answer

A)  relies on a single-item measure of the dependent variable. 
B)  simplifies the measurement process. 
C)  assesses reliability. 
D)  maintains the separate identity of each indicator throughout the analysis. 
A)  relies on a single-item measure of the dependent variable. 
B)  simplifies the measurement process. 
C)  assesses reliability. 
D)  maintains the separate identity of each indicator throughout the analysis.

Question 19

Jean Twenge and associates' studies of social exclusion and helping showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  people who feel excluded are more likely to help others. 
B)  people who feel excluded are less likely to help others. 
C)  the effect of social exclusion on helping depends on the type of help that is needed. 
D)  the effect of social exclusion on helping depends on how people are made to feel excluded. 
A)  people who feel excluded are more likely to help others. 
B)  people who feel excluded are less likely to help others. 
C)  the effect of social exclusion on helping depends on the type of help that is needed. 
D)  the effect of social exclusion on helping depends on how people are made to feel excluded.

Question 20

Which basic approach to social research affords the fewest controls on extraneous variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimentation 
B)  survey research 
C)  field research 
D)  available-data research 
A)  experimentation 
B)  survey research 
C)  field research 
D)  available-data research

Which basic approach to social research lends itself best to studies of long-term social change?

Indexes are similar to scales in that both

Despite their value, replications are infrequent in social research.

The fixed-effects and random-effects frameworks for meta-analysis differ with respect to

The "file drawer" problem in meta-analysis refers to the overabundance of previous studies on a research question.

Field research is generally the easiest type of research to replicate.

Because of suspicions about unpublished research, meta-analysis is restricted to studies identified in computer searches of standard literature databases.

Meta-analysis may be used to assess the external validity of a finding or to test a new hypothesis.

Andrew Cherlin and associates applied the triangulation concept in their study of the influence of abuse on marriage and cohabitation by

In comparison with the original Minneapolis Spouse Abuse Experiment, Berk and Newton's replication

Which basic approach to social research optimizes internal validity?

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of meta-analysis with respect to internal and external validity.

To understand the effect of abuse on marriage and cohabitation, Andrew Cherlin and associates

Which basic approach to social research is most likely to use college students as the units of analysis?

Which basic approach to social research generally is most difficult to replicate?

Structural equation modeling differs from composite measurement in that it

Jean Twenge and associates' studies of social exclusion and helping showed that

Which basic approach to social research affords the fewest controls on extraneous variables?

Introduction

The Nature of Science

Research Ethics

Elements of Research Design

Measurement

Sampling

Experimentation

Experimental Designs

Survey Research

Survey Instrumentation

Field Research

Research Using Available Data

Data Processing and Elementary Data Analysis

Multivariate Analysis

Writing Research Reports

Filters

Exam 13: Multiple Methods

Which basic approach to social research lends itself best to studies of long-term social change?

Indexes are similar to scales in that both

Despite their value, replications are infrequent in social research.

The fixed-effects and random-effects frameworks for meta-analysis differ with respect to

The "file drawer" problem in meta-analysis refers to the overabundance of previous studies on a research question.

Field research is generally the easiest type of research to replicate.

Because of suspicions about unpublished research, meta-analysis is restricted to studies identified in computer searches of standard literature databases.

Meta-analysis may be used to assess the external validity of a finding or to test a new hypothesis.

Andrew Cherlin and associates applied the triangulation concept in their study of the influence of abuse on marriage and cohabitation by

In comparison with the original Minneapolis Spouse Abuse Experiment, Berk and Newton's replication

Which basic approach to social research optimizes internal validity?

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of meta-analysis with respect to internal and external validity.

To understand the effect of abuse on marriage and cohabitation, Andrew Cherlin and associates

Which basic approach to social research is most likely to use college students as the units of analysis?

Which basic approach to social research generally is most difficult to replicate?

Structural equation modeling differs from composite measurement in that it

Jean Twenge and associates' studies of social exclusion and helping showed that

Which basic approach to social research affords the fewest controls on extraneous variables?

Introduction

The Nature of Science

Research Ethics

Elements of Research Design

Measurement

Sampling

Experimentation

Experimental Designs

Survey Research

Survey Instrumentation

Field Research

Research Using Available Data

Data Processing and Elementary Data Analysis

Multivariate Analysis

Writing Research Reports

Filters