Question 1

____ is the logical connection between the different pieces of the argument.

Accepted Answer

A)  declaration 
B)  claim 
C)  inference 
D)  evidence 
A)  declaration 
B)  claim 
C)  inference 
D)  evidence

Question 2

A(n) ____ is a type of logical fallacy wherein two logically incompatible beliefs are regarded as true.

Accepted Answer

A)  double standard 
B)  logical paradox 
C)  red herring 
D)  straw man 
A)  double standard 
B)  logical paradox 
C)  red herring 
D)  straw man

Question 3

"I just don't see how the abolition of monetary bail would work. It's obviously going to fail." Which logical fallacy best describes this faulty reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis contrary to fact 
B)  stacking the deck 
C)  argument from personal incredulity 
D)  appeal to improper authority 
A)  hypothesis contrary to fact 
B)  stacking the deck 
C)  argument from personal incredulity 
D)  appeal to improper authority

Question 4

Which of the following should we do when we diagram an argument? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Modify the conclusion. 
B)  Identify the premise(s). 
C)  Identify the evidence. 
D)  Determine how the premise(s) lead(s) to the conclusion. 
A)  Modify the conclusion. 
B)  Identify the premise(s). 
C)  Identify the evidence. 
D)  Determine how the premise(s) lead(s) to the conclusion.

Question 5

A(n) ____ is a claim upon which another claim is based.

Accepted Answer

A)  premise 
B)  conclusion 
C)  assumption 
D)  declaration 
A)  premise 
B)  conclusion 
C)  assumption 
D)  declaration

Question 6

A(n) ____ is an applied research product that examines the effectiveness of some policy in achieving its stated goal(s), while a(n) ____ is an applied research product that assesses some phenomenon and proposes a plan for addressing it.

Accepted Answer

A)  evaluation, recommendation 
B)  recommendation, evaluation 
C)  policy analysis, policy proposal 
D)  policy proposal, policy analysis 
A)  evaluation, recommendation 
B)  recommendation, evaluation 
C)  policy analysis, policy proposal 
D)  policy proposal, policy analysis

Question 7

Which of the following is a rule of argumentation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Evidence and premises can be challenged, but conclusions and inferences cannot be challenged. 
B)  We should never concede a point. 
C)  Once challenged, inferences, premises, and evidence require concession or justification. 
D)  We must accept premises as true. 
A)  Evidence and premises can be challenged, but conclusions and inferences cannot be challenged. 
B)  We should never concede a point. 
C)  Once challenged, inferences, premises, and evidence require concession or justification. 
D)  We must accept premises as true.

Question 8

All but which of the following questions are tests we can use to assess the strength of inductive reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Are we sufficiently convinced of the conclusion, given the evidence? 
B)  Is this conclusion more plausible than alternative conclusions based on the same evidence? 
C)  Are there zero exceptions to the conclusions? 
D)  Is the conclusion compatible with the evidence? 
A)  Are we sufficiently convinced of the conclusion, given the evidence? 
B)  Is this conclusion more plausible than alternative conclusions based on the same evidence? 
C)  Are there zero exceptions to the conclusions? 
D)  Is the conclusion compatible with the evidence?

Question 9

Which of the following is not true regarding how we state our conclusions?

Accepted Answer

A)  We should not phrase certain conclusions as though they are uncertain. 
B)  We should not phrase uncertain conclusions as though they are certain. 
C)  We should word a probable conclusion in a way that implies a stronger basis than we have. 
D)  We should word a definite conclusion in a way that allows us to avoid committing. 
A)  We should not phrase certain conclusions as though they are uncertain. 
B)  We should not phrase uncertain conclusions as though they are certain. 
C)  We should word a probable conclusion in a way that implies a stronger basis than we have. 
D)  We should word a definite conclusion in a way that allows us to avoid committing.

Question 10

Which of the following is not part of being a habitual critical thinker?

Accepted Answer

A)  faith 
B)  open-mindedness and objectivity 
C)  self-awareness 
D)  skepticism 
A)  faith 
B)  open-mindedness and objectivity 
C)  self-awareness 
D)  skepticism

Question 11

Which of the following lines of reasoning reflects the logical fallacy of appeal to improper authority?

Accepted Answer

A)  I know there is less crime in gated communities, because my criminology professor talked about this in class. 
B)  I know there is less crime in gated communities, because I read about the crime rate in my criminal justice textbook. 
C)  I know there is less crime in gated communities, because a TV commercial said so. 
D)  I know there is less crime in gated communities, because I read an article that reached that conclusion based on an analysis of UCR and NCVS data. 
A)  I know there is less crime in gated communities, because my criminology professor talked about this in class. 
B)  I know there is less crime in gated communities, because I read about the crime rate in my criminal justice textbook. 
C)  I know there is less crime in gated communities, because a TV commercial said so. 
D)  I know there is less crime in gated communities, because I read an article that reached that conclusion based on an analysis of UCR and NCVS data.

Question 12

Treating an issue as though there are only two possibilities when there really are more than two possibilities reflects which logical fallacy?

Accepted Answer

A)  faulty analogy 
B)  appeal to force 
C)  red herring 
D)  false dilemma 
A)  faulty analogy 
B)  appeal to force 
C)  red herring 
D)  false dilemma

Question 13

Which of the following are questions to answer in the offense portion of a presentence investigation report? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Is it situational in nature or indicative of persistent problems? 
B)  Was the offense against person or property? 
C)  Does the defendant acknowledge responsibility for the offense? 
D)  What was the motive for the offense? 
A)  Is it situational in nature or indicative of persistent problems? 
B)  Was the offense against person or property? 
C)  Does the defendant acknowledge responsibility for the offense? 
D)  What was the motive for the offense?

Question 14

Which of the following is not one of the "5WH" questions to use in policy papers?

Accepted Answer

A)  When? 
B)  Who? 
C)  Where? 
D)  Why not? 
A)  When? 
B)  Who? 
C)  Where? 
D)  Why not?

Question 15

A(n) ____ is the fusion of claims, evidence, and inferences.

Accepted Answer

A)  quarrel 
B)  argument 
C)  paper 
D)  theory 
A)  quarrel 
B)  argument 
C)  paper 
D)  theory

Question 16

After we create our argument diagram, we should correct it by…. Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Adding anything relevant but absent. 
B)  Cross through anything irrelevant but present. 
C)  Cross through any irrelevant but absent. 
D)  Add anything relevant but present. 
A)  Adding anything relevant but absent. 
B)  Cross through anything irrelevant but present. 
C)  Cross through any irrelevant but absent. 
D)  Add anything relevant but present.

Question 17

Deductive reasoning is valid when the premises are true and the conclusion is guaranteed by the premise(s).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

"The jury found him not guilty. But they're just a bunch of idiots. You know they screwed up when that man is so obviously guilty." Which logical fallacy best describes this faulty reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  personal attack 
B)  appeal to tradition 
C)  bandwagon approach 
D)  hasty generalization 
A)  personal attack 
B)  appeal to tradition 
C)  bandwagon approach 
D)  hasty generalization

Question 19

Where policies set expectations and standards for behavior, practices are ways of implementing a policy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

____ is the logical connection between the different pieces of the argument.

A(n) ____ is a type of logical fallacy wherein two logically incompatible beliefs are regarded as true.

"I just don't see how the abolition of monetary bail would work. It's obviously going to fail." Which logical fallacy best describes this faulty reasoning?

Which of the following should we do when we diagram an argument? Select all that apply.

A(n) ____ is a claim upon which another claim is based.

A(n) is an applied research product that examines the effectiveness of some policy in achieving its stated goal(s), while a(n) is an applied research product that assesses some phenomenon and proposes a plan for addressing it.

Which of the following is a rule of argumentation?

All but which of the following questions are tests we can use to assess the strength of inductive reasoning?

Which of the following is not true regarding how we state our conclusions?

Which of the following is not part of being a habitual critical thinker?

Which of the following lines of reasoning reflects the logical fallacy of appeal to improper authority?

Treating an issue as though there are only two possibilities when there really are more than two possibilities reflects which logical fallacy?

Which of the following are questions to answer in the offense portion of a presentence investigation report? Select all that apply.

Which of the following is not one of the "5WH" questions to use in policy papers?

A(n) ____ is the fusion of claims, evidence, and inferences.

After we create our argument diagram, we should correct it by…. Select all that apply.

Deductive reasoning is valid when the premises are true and the conclusion is guaranteed by the premise(s).

"The jury found him not guilty. But they're just a bunch of idiots. You know they screwed up when that man is so obviously guilty." Which logical fallacy best describes this faulty reasoning?

Where policies set expectations and standards for behavior, practices are ways of implementing a policy.

Introduction

Professionalism

Responsiveness

Organization

Evidence

Completeness

Correctness

Clarity

Conciseness

Presentation

Filters

Exam 5: Logic

____ is the logical connection between the different pieces of the argument.

A(n) ____ is a type of logical fallacy wherein two logically incompatible beliefs are regarded as true.

"I just don't see how the abolition of monetary bail would work. It's obviously going to fail." Which logical fallacy best describes this faulty reasoning?

Which of the following should we do when we diagram an argument? Select all that apply.

A(n) ____ is a claim upon which another claim is based.

A(n) ____ is an applied research product that examines the effectiveness of some policy in achieving its stated goal(s), while a(n) ____ is an applied research product that assesses some phenomenon and proposes a plan for addressing it.

Which of the following is a rule of argumentation?

All but which of the following questions are tests we can use to assess the strength of inductive reasoning?

Which of the following is not true regarding how we state our conclusions?

Which of the following is not part of being a habitual critical thinker?

Which of the following lines of reasoning reflects the logical fallacy of appeal to improper authority?

Treating an issue as though there are only two possibilities when there really are more than two possibilities reflects which logical fallacy?

Which of the following are questions to answer in the offense portion of a presentence investigation report? Select all that apply.

Which of the following is not one of the "5WH" questions to use in policy papers?

A(n) ____ is the fusion of claims, evidence, and inferences.

After we create our argument diagram, we should correct it by…. Select all that apply.

Deductive reasoning is valid when the premises are true and the conclusion is guaranteed by the premise(s).

"The jury found him not guilty. But they're just a bunch of idiots. You know they screwed up when that man is so obviously guilty." Which logical fallacy best describes this faulty reasoning?

Where policies set expectations and standards for behavior, practices are ways of implementing a policy.

Introduction

Professionalism

Responsiveness

Organization

Evidence

Completeness

Correctness

Clarity

Conciseness

Presentation

Filters

A(n) is an applied research product that examines the effectiveness of some policy in achieving its stated goal(s), while a(n) is an applied research product that assesses some phenomenon and proposes a plan for addressing it.