Question 1

In seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe, doctors viewed insanity not as an emotional ailment but as a physical one caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  an imbalance of bodily humors. 
B)  quinine toxicity. 
C)  metabolic nervosity. 
D)  consumption. 
A)  an imbalance of bodily humors. 
B)  quinine toxicity. 
C)  metabolic nervosity. 
D)  consumption.

Question 2

In what sense was the Enlightenment an outgrowth of the new science? How was it different?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 3

Discuss how the growing wealth and population of European countries in the eighteenth century affected existing social and cultural patterns. Be sure to consider the role that the Atlantic system, agricultural innovations, and the emergence of the middle class played in these developments.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 4

Although the publication of William Petty's Political Arithmetick in 1690 raised governments' interest in public health as an element of state power, it had little effect on the health of most people because

Accepted Answer

A)  the new state-run hospitals were more like prisons than places to get well. 
B)  medicine was not a unified practice, the causes of disease were not known, and many people were not treated. 
C)  municipal officials refused to implement state health policies, protesting that such policies would raise local taxes too much. 
D)  most people were too poor to buy the new medicines that had been developed from products discovered in the Far East or the Americas. 
A)  the new state-run hospitals were more like prisons than places to get well. 
B)  medicine was not a unified practice, the causes of disease were not known, and many people were not treated. 
C)  municipal officials refused to implement state health policies, protesting that such policies would raise local taxes too much. 
D)  most people were too poor to buy the new medicines that had been developed from products discovered in the Far East or the Americas.

Question 5

Why was religious skepticism a source of great concern to European political authorities during the early years of the Enlightenment? Why didn't political authorities embrace religious reform movements such as Jansenism? In your answer, consider the ways in which new genres such as travel writing could be used to raise questions about the assumed superiority of European Christian beliefs.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 6

According to this map, which of the following was a result of the Peace of Utrecht in 1714?
​
​
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Spain regained control of Gibraltar. 
B)  The Jacobites engaged in revolt and uprising. 
C)  The Austrian Empire gained the Kingdom of Naples and Sardinia. 
D)  Great Britain lost all territorial claims in North America. 
A)  Spain regained control of Gibraltar. 
B)  The Jacobites engaged in revolt and uprising. 
C)  The Austrian Empire gained the Kingdom of Naples and Sardinia. 
D)  Great Britain lost all territorial claims in North America.

Question 7

In the 1740s, which of the following regions would most likely export coffee to Europe?
​
​
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Angola 
B)  Peru 
C)  Brazil 
D)  Indonesia 
A)  Angola 
B)  Peru 
C)  Brazil 
D)  Indonesia

Question 8

In England, Eliza Haywood was one of a number of eighteenth-century women who showed that they could succeed as

Accepted Answer

A)  proprietors of coffeehouses. 
B)  merchants selling tea and coffee. 
C)  newspaper reporters. 
D)  novelists. 
A)  proprietors of coffeehouses. 
B)  merchants selling tea and coffee. 
C)  newspaper reporters. 
D)  novelists.

Question 9

How was Ireland affected by its support for James II of England?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 10

The peace treaties that ended the War of the Spanish Succession set forth what condition for Philip, grandson of Louis XIV, to be confirmed as king of Spain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Philip had to first repress revolts in Andalusia and Aragon. 
B)  Philip was required to cancel his plans to marry the Habsburg archduchess Maria Theresa. 
C)  Philip had to provide massive reparations payments to the French and Habsburg monarchies. 
D)  Philip had to renounce any future claim to the French throne. 
A)  Philip had to first repress revolts in Andalusia and Aragon. 
B)  Philip was required to cancel his plans to marry the Habsburg archduchess Maria Theresa. 
C)  Philip had to provide massive reparations payments to the French and Habsburg monarchies. 
D)  Philip had to renounce any future claim to the French throne.

Question 11

Although in Britain's constitutional system the monarch ruled with Parliament, power was still contained within a very small elite in the eighteenth century. What was the reason for this?

Accepted Answer

A)  The middle and lower classes had little interest in politics, as they were more concerned with the new consumer revolution. 
B)  Only a few hundred thousand propertied men could vote, and most members of Parliament came from the landed gentry. 
C)  Both Protestant and Catholic churches encouraged believers to stay out of politics to avoid rekindling the conflicts that had fed the English civil war. 
D)  Since so small a percentage of the population was literate at that time, even those who wanted to engage in politics had little means to do so. 
A)  The middle and lower classes had little interest in politics, as they were more concerned with the new consumer revolution. 
B)  Only a few hundred thousand propertied men could vote, and most members of Parliament came from the landed gentry. 
C)  Both Protestant and Catholic churches encouraged believers to stay out of politics to avoid rekindling the conflicts that had fed the English civil war. 
D)  Since so small a percentage of the population was literate at that time, even those who wanted to engage in politics had little means to do so.

Question 12

Why did George Frideric Handel infuse operatic drama with a religious theme in his 1741 oratorio Messiah?

Accepted Answer

A)  To win over the bishop of London, who was attempting to eliminate music from church services 
B)  To introduce opera into Britain for the first time 
C)  To enliven what he saw as dry and stodgy church liturgy 
D)  To combine musical materials into a dramatic form that would touch the emotions of the new concert-going public 
A)  To win over the bishop of London, who was attempting to eliminate music from church services 
B)  To introduce opera into Britain for the first time 
C)  To enliven what he saw as dry and stodgy church liturgy 
D)  To combine musical materials into a dramatic form that would touch the emotions of the new concert-going public

Question 13

Peter the Great expanded Russia to include
​
​
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Estonia. 
B)  Poland-Lithuania. 
C)  Prussia. 
D)  Finland. 
A)  Estonia. 
B)  Poland-Lithuania. 
C)  Prussia. 
D)  Finland.

Question 14

How were ambassadors chosen for the new diplomatic services that France and other European states created in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were discovered through a national exam that promoted government bureaucrats with exceptional language skills. 
B)  They were trained from a young age in schools that were designed specifically to prepare diplomats. 
C)  They were chosen from among nobles of ancient families and royal officials who could pay for their own staff. 
D)  They were selected by the host country from among a list of expatriates of the home country. 
A)  They were discovered through a national exam that promoted government bureaucrats with exceptional language skills. 
B)  They were trained from a young age in schools that were designed specifically to prepare diplomats. 
C)  They were chosen from among nobles of ancient families and royal officials who could pay for their own staff. 
D)  They were selected by the host country from among a list of expatriates of the home country.

Question 15

Why did the agricultural revolution in England favor wealthy landowners over small-scale farmers?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 16

The legacy of Sir Robert Walpole (1676-1745) can be described as the establishment of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  A professional British diplomatic service through the creation of the office of foreign secretary and an extensive network of embassies around the world 
B)  The first public elementary school system in Europe 
C)  An enduring pattern of parliamentary government in which a prime minister from the majority party guided legislation through the House of Commons 
D)  The first, albeit rudimentary, social security system in the Western world 
A)  A professional British diplomatic service through the creation of the office of foreign secretary and an extensive network of embassies around the world 
B)  The first public elementary school system in Europe 
C)  An enduring pattern of parliamentary government in which a prime minister from the majority party guided legislation through the House of Commons 
D)  The first, albeit rudimentary, social security system in the Western world

Question 17

What controversial agricultural practice in England that eliminated community grazing rights normally required an act of Parliament?

Accepted Answer

A)  The open-field system 
B)  Selective livestock breeding 
C)  Enclosure 
D)  The use of mechanized machinery 
A)  The open-field system 
B)  Selective livestock breeding 
C)  Enclosure 
D)  The use of mechanized machinery

Question 18

What factors explain Britain's growth in power during the eighteenth century? Why did the influence and the power of the Dutch decline during this time?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 19

The population explosion that took place in Europe around the turn of the eighteenth century can be attributed to

Accepted Answer

A)  a massive rise in the birthrate throughout Europe and fewer deaths in infancy and childhood due to better prenatal health care. 
B)  a marked growth in the prosecution of infanticide, which had been prevalent across the European continent before the eighteenth century. 
C)  a decline in the death rate thanks to better weather, improved agricultural techniques, and the disappearance of the plague. 
D)  mestizo children and the offspring of Europeans and African slaves being counted as "European" in census tallies for the first time. 
A)  a massive rise in the birthrate throughout Europe and fewer deaths in infancy and childhood due to better prenatal health care. 
B)  a marked growth in the prosecution of infanticide, which had been prevalent across the European continent before the eighteenth century. 
C)  a decline in the death rate thanks to better weather, improved agricultural techniques, and the disappearance of the plague. 
D)  mestizo children and the offspring of Europeans and African slaves being counted as "European" in census tallies for the first time.

Question 20

What was the most populous city in Europe in 1750?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vienna 
B)  Paris 
C)  St. Petersburg 
D)  London 
A)  Vienna 
B)  Paris 
C)  St. Petersburg 
D)  London

Exam 17: The Atlantic System and Its Consequences, 1700-1750

In seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe, doctors viewed insanity not as an emotional ailment but as a physical one caused by

In what sense was the Enlightenment an outgrowth of the new science? How was it different?

Discuss how the growing wealth and population of European countries in the eighteenth century affected existing social and cultural patterns. Be sure to consider the role that the Atlantic system, agricultural innovations, and the emergence of the middle class played in these developments.

Although the publication of William Petty's Political Arithmetick in 1690 raised governments' interest in public health as an element of state power, it had little effect on the health of most people because

According to this map, which of the following was a result of the Peace of Utrecht in 1714? ​ ​ ​

In the 1740s, which of the following regions would most likely export coffee to Europe? ​ ​ ​

In England, Eliza Haywood was one of a number of eighteenth-century women who showed that they could succeed as

How was Ireland affected by its support for James II of England?

The peace treaties that ended the War of the Spanish Succession set forth what condition for Philip, grandson of Louis XIV, to be confirmed as king of Spain?

Although in Britain's constitutional system the monarch ruled with Parliament, power was still contained within a very small elite in the eighteenth century. What was the reason for this?

Why did George Frideric Handel infuse operatic drama with a religious theme in his 1741 oratorio Messiah?

Peter the Great expanded Russia to include ​ ​ ​

How were ambassadors chosen for the new diplomatic services that France and other European states created in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

Why did the agricultural revolution in England favor wealthy landowners over small-scale farmers?

The legacy of Sir Robert Walpole (1676-1745) can be described as the establishment of which of the following?

What controversial agricultural practice in England that eliminated community grazing rights normally required an act of Parliament?

What factors explain Britain's growth in power during the eighteenth century? Why did the influence and the power of the Dutch decline during this time?

The population explosion that took place in Europe around the turn of the eighteenth century can be attributed to

What was the most populous city in Europe in 1750?

Early Western Civilization, 400,000-1000 B.C.E

Near East Empires and the Reemergence of Civilization in Greece, 1000-500 B.C.E

The Greek Golden Age, C 500-C 400 B.C.E

From the Classical to the Hellenistic World, 400-30 B.C.E

The Rise of Rome and Its Republic, 753-44 B.C.E

The Creation of the Roman Empire, 44 B.C.E-284 C.E

The Transformation of the Roman Empire, 284-600 C.E

The Heirs of Rome: Islam, Byzantium, and Europe, 600-750

From Centralization to Fragmentation, 750-1050

Commercial Quickening and Religious Reform, 1050-1150

The Flowering of the Middle Ages, 1150-1215

The Medieval Synthesis and Its Cracks, 1215-1340

Crisis and Renaissance, 1340-1492

Global Encounters and the Shock of the Reformation, 1492-1560

Wars of Religion and the Clash of Worldviews, 1560-1648

Absolutism, Constitutionalism, and the Search for Order, 1640-1700

The Promise of Enlightenment, 1750-1789

The Cataclysm of Revolution, 1789-1799

Napoleon and the Revolutionary Legacy, 1800-1830

Industrialization and Social Ferment, 1830-1850

Politics and Culture of the Nation-State, 1850-1870

Empire, Industry, and Everyday Life, 1870-1890

Modernity and the Road to War, 1890-1914

World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914-1929

The Great Depression and World War II, 1929-1945

The Cold War and the Remaking of Europe, 1945-1960s

Postindustrial Society and the End of the Cold War Order, 1960s-1989

A New Globalism, 1989 to the Present

Filters

According to this map, which of the following was a result of the Peace of Utrecht in 1714?

In the 1740s, which of the following regions would most likely export coffee to Europe?

Peter the Great expanded Russia to include