Question 1

Compare and contrast normative, nonnormative, and chronic stressors. Give several examples of each type of stressor.

Accepted Answer

Varies and may include:
Normative stressors are part of everyday life (i.e., daily hassles) or are longer term developmental transitions that occur normally during the family life course.
Daily hassles, developmental transitions.
Parents also face stressor events that are nonnormative in the sense that they are unpredictable occurrences that are substantially disruptive to the everyday pattern of parent-child relationships.
Off-time developments, initial awareness, diagnosis.
Chronic stressors develop when parents are adapted to nonnormative stressors that continue to occur over time.

Question 2

Summarize, with examples, how the characteristics of children help determine the level of stress experienced by parents.

Accepted Answer

Varies and may include:
Chronic stressors, child effects.
"This is particularly true where the shock of an initial diagnosis or recognition has passed and the realities of the long-term challenges faced by parents have set in. This conception, commonly referred to as child effects, underscores the impact of children's health, physical handicaps, and well-being on the social-emotional lives of parents" (Ambert, 1997; Bush & Peterson, 2013; Moreland & Dumas, 2007).

Question 3

A pronatalist's view is based on fundamentalist religious beliefs, while a realist's beliefs are secular.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Sheri is 16 and is struggling at home. Her parents seem to be yelling at her constantly, which in turn makes her respond disrespectfully, which doesn't help matters. What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  The parents have been too indulgent with Sheri. 
B)  processes that lead to long-term family dysfunction 
C)  reciprocal or multidirectional processes 
D)  dysfunctional family roles 
A)  The parents have been too indulgent with Sheri. 
B)  processes that lead to long-term family dysfunction 
C)  reciprocal or multidirectional processes 
D)  dysfunctional family roles

Question 5

In the ABC-X model, resources are ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  contingent social environments 
B)  the social networks of a family 
C)  the potential strengths of parents 
D)  socioecological contexts 
A)  contingent social environments 
B)  the social networks of a family 
C)  the potential strengths of parents 
D)  socioecological contexts

Question 6

The death of Ann's partner came as a shock because she seemed healthy one day and died from a heart attack the next. This is considered a ______ stressor.

Accepted Answer

A)  nonnormative 
B)  developmental 
C)  normative 
D)  chronic illness 
A)  nonnormative 
B)  developmental 
C)  normative 
D)  chronic illness

Question 7

Parental stressors are classified into ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  normative, nonnormative, chronic 
B)  nonnormative, regular, catastrophic 
C)  chronic, pile-on, fleeting 
D)  normative, nonnormative, fatal 
A)  normative, nonnormative, chronic 
B)  nonnormative, regular, catastrophic 
C)  chronic, pile-on, fleeting 
D)  normative, nonnormative, fatal

Question 8

Developmental transitions are considered chronic stressors in the lives of families.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The idea that caring for, disciplining, and socializing children often involves a blend of positive, negative, and rather mundane experiences for parents reflects ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  a pronatalist agenda 
B)  secularism 
C)  realism 
D)  a conservative political agenda 
A)  a pronatalist agenda 
B)  secularism 
C)  realism 
D)  a conservative political agenda

Question 10

Chris is 18 and has just started her first semester at Littletown College, which is 3 hr from home. She calls home every day, is struggling to find her "fit" in college, and feels like each day is a challenge. This is an example of a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  chronic stressor 
B)  nonnormative stressor 
C)  developmental stressor 
D)  daily hassle 
A)  chronic stressor 
B)  nonnormative stressor 
C)  developmental stressor 
D)  daily hassle

Question 11

Teri is a new mother who is home alone with her infant. She feels extreme stress from her routine, which includes nursing constantly, trying to keep up with the laundry, annoying phone calls from her mother, isolation, and getting to what seem to be constant doctor appointments. This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  stress from developmental transitions 
B)  stress from daily hassles 
C)  chronic stress 
D)  stress from the parent-child relationship 
A)  stress from developmental transitions 
B)  stress from daily hassles 
C)  chronic stress 
D)  stress from the parent-child relationship

Question 12

Chronic stressors from the social environment include ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  parents' daily employment demands 
B)  sudden death of a spouse 
C)  a car accident 
D)  developmental stressors 
A)  parents' daily employment demands 
B)  sudden death of a spouse 
C)  a car accident 
D)  developmental stressors

Question 13

The Quiverfulls are an evangelical group of Christians who promote parenthood to the extent that they ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  financially support adoptions for members 
B)  reject all forms of contraception 
C)  require female members to leave all employment outside the home 
D)  shun childless members 
A)  financially support adoptions for members 
B)  reject all forms of contraception 
C)  require female members to leave all employment outside the home 
D)  shun childless members

Question 14

Jan and Sean have a 20-year-old daughter named Christy who has autism and lives with them. Although they have been trying to find day programs to involve her in, they have had little success because her behavioral needs are greater than the local programs can accommodate. This has resulted in numerous programmatic transitions, constant parental conflict, and finally, Sean's decision to quit her job to stay home with Christy. The couple is worried about finances but don't see another way to handle the situation. This is best categorized as a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  developmental stressor 
B)  chronic stressor 
C)  normative stressor 
D)  structural stressor 
A)  developmental stressor 
B)  chronic stressor 
C)  normative stressor 
D)  structural stressor

Question 15

Family stress scholars view ______ as the essence of stress and tension within families and parent-child relationships.

Accepted Answer

A)  socioeconomic status 
B)  cultural pressures 
C)  change in family systems 
D)  difficult decision making 
A)  socioeconomic status 
B)  cultural pressures 
C)  change in family systems 
D)  difficult decision making

Question 16

Nonnormative stressors can become chronic stressors over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The ______ factor in the ABC-X model refers to the meanings that individuals and families assign to phenomena.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  X 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  X

Question 18

A growing number of the U.S. population is choosing alternatives such as ______ and are feeling more comfortable with the choice to forego biological parenthood.

Accepted Answer

A)  voluntary childlessness 
B)  international adoption 
C)  home ownership 
D)  foster parenthood 
A)  voluntary childlessness 
B)  international adoption 
C)  home ownership 
D)  foster parenthood

Question 19

What is an example of an off-time development?

Accepted Answer

A)  when children are born into a family with a chronic stressor 
B)  when parental coping generates additional stressors 
C)  when a nonnormative stressor and chronic stressor occur at the same time 
D)  when normal events occur at unanticipated times 
A)  when children are born into a family with a chronic stressor 
B)  when parental coping generates additional stressors 
C)  when a nonnormative stressor and chronic stressor occur at the same time 
D)  when normal events occur at unanticipated times

Question 20

Most family stress scholars identify two types of social support. What are they called?

Accepted Answer

A)  socioecological and contingent 
B)  emotional and instrumental 
C)  exterior and interior 
D)  primary and secondary 
A)  socioecological and contingent 
B)  emotional and instrumental 
C)  exterior and interior 
D)  primary and secondary

Compare and contrast normative, nonnormative, and chronic stressors. Give several examples of each type of stressor.

Summarize, with examples, how the characteristics of children help determine the level of stress experienced by parents.

A pronatalist's view is based on fundamentalist religious beliefs, while a realist's beliefs are secular.

Sheri is 16 and is struggling at home. Her parents seem to be yelling at her constantly, which in turn makes her respond disrespectfully, which doesn't help matters. What is this an example of?

In the ABC-X model, resources are ______.

The death of Ann's partner came as a shock because she seemed healthy one day and died from a heart attack the next. This is considered a ______ stressor.

Parental stressors are classified into ______.

Developmental transitions are considered chronic stressors in the lives of families.

The idea that caring for, disciplining, and socializing children often involves a blend of positive, negative, and rather mundane experiences for parents reflects ______.

Chris is 18 and has just started her first semester at Littletown College, which is 3 hr from home. She calls home every day, is struggling to find her "fit" in college, and feels like each day is a challenge. This is an example of a ______.

Chronic stressors from the social environment include ______.

The Quiverfulls are an evangelical group of Christians who promote parenthood to the extent that they ________.

Family stress scholars view ______ as the essence of stress and tension within families and parent-child relationships.

Nonnormative stressors can become chronic stressors over time.

The ______ factor in the ABC-X model refers to the meanings that individuals and families assign to phenomena.

A growing number of the U.S. population is choosing alternatives such as ______ and are feeling more comfortable with the choice to forego biological parenthood.

What is an example of an off-time development?

Most family stress scholars identify two types of social support. What are they called?

Families Coping With Change: A Conceptual Overview

Everyday Hassles and Family Relationships

Mindfulness and Family Stress

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Understanding Stress and Resilience in Family Systems

Lgbq-Parent Families: Development and Functioning in Context

Stress and Coping in Later Life

Divorce Variation and Fluidity

Stress and Resilience in Stepfamilies Today

Immigrant Families: Resilience Through Adversity

Economic Stress and Families

Race, Ethnicity, and Family Stress

The Newest Generation of US Veterans and Their Families

Promoting Pathways to Resilient Outcomes for Maltreated Children

Stress and Coping With Intimate Partner Violence

Family Responses to School and Community Mass Violence

Physical Illness and Family Stress

Family Socioeconomic Context and Mental Health in Parents and Children: a Heuristic Framework

Families Coping With Alcohol and Substance Abuse

Death, Dying, and Grief in Families

Filters

Exam 4: Parental Stress Viewed Through the Lens of Family Stress Theory

Compare and contrast normative, nonnormative, and chronic stressors. Give several examples of each type of stressor.

Summarize, with examples, how the characteristics of children help determine the level of stress experienced by parents.

A pronatalist's view is based on fundamentalist religious beliefs, while a realist's beliefs are secular.

Sheri is 16 and is struggling at home. Her parents seem to be yelling at her constantly, which in turn makes her respond disrespectfully, which doesn't help matters. What is this an example of?

In the ABC-X model, resources are ______.

The death of Ann's partner came as a shock because she seemed healthy one day and died from a heart attack the next. This is considered a ______ stressor.

Parental stressors are classified into ______.

Developmental transitions are considered chronic stressors in the lives of families.

The idea that caring for, disciplining, and socializing children often involves a blend of positive, negative, and rather mundane experiences for parents reflects ______.

Chris is 18 and has just started her first semester at Littletown College, which is 3 hr from home. She calls home every day, is struggling to find her "fit" in college, and feels like each day is a challenge. This is an example of a ______.

Chronic stressors from the social environment include ______.

The Quiverfulls are an evangelical group of Christians who promote parenthood to the extent that they ________.

Family stress scholars view ______ as the essence of stress and tension within families and parent-child relationships.

Nonnormative stressors can become chronic stressors over time.

The ______ factor in the ABC-X model refers to the meanings that individuals and families assign to phenomena.

A growing number of the U.S. population is choosing alternatives such as ______ and are feeling more comfortable with the choice to forego biological parenthood.

What is an example of an off-time development?

Most family stress scholars identify two types of social support. What are they called?

Families Coping With Change: A Conceptual Overview

Everyday Hassles and Family Relationships

Mindfulness and Family Stress

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Understanding Stress and Resilience in Family Systems

Lgbq-Parent Families: Development and Functioning in Context

Stress and Coping in Later Life

Divorce Variation and Fluidity

Stress and Resilience in Stepfamilies Today

Immigrant Families: Resilience Through Adversity

Economic Stress and Families

Race, Ethnicity, and Family Stress

The Newest Generation of US Veterans and Their Families

Promoting Pathways to Resilient Outcomes for Maltreated Children

Stress and Coping With Intimate Partner Violence

Family Responses to School and Community Mass Violence

Physical Illness and Family Stress

Family Socioeconomic Context and Mental Health in Parents and Children: a Heuristic Framework

Families Coping With Alcohol and Substance Abuse

Death, Dying, and Grief in Families

Filters