Exam 10: Deduction and Induction: A Closer Look
Exam 1: Socrates Part 1: Life and Method121 Questions
Exam 2: Socrates Part 2: Life and Death31 Questions
Exam 3: On Socratess Two Favorite Questions98 Questions
Exam 4: Cognitive Biases42 Questions
Exam 5: Relativism and Skepticism103 Questions
Exam 6: Reason and the Senses26 Questions
Exam 7: Personal Experience, Testimony, and Expert Authority14 Questions
Exam 8: Watch Out for Logical Fallacies38 Questions
Exam 9: The Internet, News Media, and Advertising41 Questions
Exam 10: Deduction and Induction: A Closer Look283 Questions
Exam 11: Explorations in Inductive Reasoning: The Logic of Science30 Questions
Exam 12: Explorations in Deductive Reasoning: Categorical Logic97 Questions
Exam 13: Critical Thinking and Moral Reasoning40 Questions
Exam 14: Critical Thinking, Worldviews, and the Examined Life36 Questions
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Assume each of the following is a deductive argument. In each case, is the argument valid or invalid? (V or I)
-Some football coaches are poets. But no poet knows how to play football. So some football coaches do not know how to play football.
(Short Answer)
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Think with Socrates does not contain a section on enthymemes. However, the concept can be defined briefly. This exercise defines an enthymeme and gives students a chance to practice filling in holes in incomplete deductive arguments.
An enthymeme is an argument that is missing one or more premises or a conclusion. Each of the following deductive arguments is missing either a premise or a conclusion. (Thus, each is an enthymeme.) Add a statement to each so as to turn the enthymeme into a valid argument.
-No movie stars are hamsters. Some movie stars are rock hounds. So …
(Short Answer)
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If an argument has premises that are likely to be false and a conclusion that is likely to be false, then the argument is weak.
(True/False)
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Is the argument deductive (D) or inductive (I)?
-If the Fleet Foxes are playing, then there will be a crowd. The Fleet Foxes are playing. So there will surely be a crowd.
(Short Answer)
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If an argument is inductively strong, then it must also be valid.
(True/False)
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Assume each of the following is a deductive argument. In each case, is the argument valid or invalid? (V or I)
-If Sue wins, then Ed will be happy. If Ed is happy, then George will be happy. So if Sue wins, then George will be happy.
(Short Answer)
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Strong or Weak?
-Professor Smith wore a bright red tie twice last week. He rarely wears a tie. So he will probably wear a bright red tie next week.
(Short Answer)
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Think with Socrates does not contain a section on enthymemes. However, the concept can be defined briefly. This exercise defines an enthymeme and gives students a chance to practice filling in holes in incomplete deductive arguments.
An enthymeme is an argument that is missing one or more premises or a conclusion. Each of the following deductive arguments is missing either a premise or a conclusion. (Thus, each is an enthymeme.) Add a statement to each so as to turn the enthymeme into a valid argument.
-If the sun is out, it is daytime … Therefore, the sun is not out.
(Short Answer)
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In an analogical argument, all things equal, the more specific the conclusion, the stronger the argument.
(True/False)
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Think with Socrates does not contain a section on enthymemes. However, the concept can be defined briefly. This exercise defines an enthymeme and gives students a chance to practice filling in holes in incomplete deductive arguments.
An enthymeme is an argument that is missing one or more premises or a conclusion. Each of the following deductive arguments is missing either a premise or a conclusion. (Thus, each is an enthymeme.) Add a statement to each so as to turn the enthymeme into a valid argument.
-Some sasquatches are registered nurses … Therefore, some registered nurses are hairy creatures indeed.
(Short Answer)
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Is the argument deductive (D) or inductive (I)?
-Either we eat dinner at a fast food place, or we cook. We won't eat fast food tonight. So we'll certainly cook.
(Short Answer)
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The following is a valid deductive argument: If it snows, then we will go sledding, just like when we were kids. It is snowing. So certainly we will go sledding, just like when we were kids.
(True/False)
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Is the argument deductive (D) or inductive (I)?
-If Jan cooks, the dinner will be late. It is not late. Therefore, Jan is certainly not cooking tonight.
(Short Answer)
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The following is a strong argument: Joe has eaten lunch at the taco stand every day for sixty days straight. Tomorrow is an ordinary day. Thus, tomorrow he will probably eat there again.
(True/False)
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Is the argument deductive (D) or inductive (I)?
-We have only $500 to spend, and a good laptop is at least $400. Therefore, necessarily, we can buy at most one laptop.
(Short Answer)
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The following is one of the two ways to effectively criticize a deductive argument:
(Multiple Choice)
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