Exam 6: Learning

Ronald, a recovering alcoholic, has not had a drink in seven months. He has stopped visiting all of his regular bars and has lost his craving for alcohol. When his boss invites him out to "his favorite" bar one day after work, Ronald gets an overwhelming desire to have a drink. What is Ronald demonstrating?

As Natalie, who has extremely long nails, approaches the chalkboard, many of her classmates cover their ears. What represents the conditioned stimulus?

Kevin used to cry, whine, throw temper tantrums, and eventually start screaming in the department store whenever he wanted a toy. His mother would resist initially but when he would start screaming she would give in. Eventually, Kevin started with the screaming to get his toy. Kevin is demonstrating

Tolman demonstrated that rats can learn to run a maze correctly even though they were never reinforced for successfully running through it. This demonstrated the phenomenon of

The girl Jeremy has a crush on just walked into the movie store where he works. Which of his neurotransmitters is most activated?

Fred's parents are very inconsistent. Most of the time Fred climbs on the furniture without receiving any reprimands, however sometimes he is punished for this behavior. Fred's parents cannot understand why he is not a better behaved child. Fred's parents are reinforcing his negative behaviors on a ________ schedule.

In classical conditioning situations, the ________ connection is innate, while the ________ connection is learned.

A drug user doing drugs in a new environment is at risk of drug overdose due to the principles of classical conditioning.

A reinforcer that is innately satisfying and does not require any learning to be perceived of as pleasurable is referred to as a(n) ________ reinforcer.

Research has shown applied behavior analysis to be effective in

Kim is surprised and frustrated to find that her son's misbehavior actually increases when she yells at him. In operant terms

Money is an example of a(n) _______ because it is a secondary reinforcer that can be exchanged for a primary reinforcer.

Matt wants to train his dog, Buster, to sit on command. He gives Buster a doggie biscuit each time Buster sits when commanded, but only for the first 10 trials. He then changes the rules. Buster now has to sit on command three times before he gets a biscuit. Matt first used a ________ schedule, and then a ________ schedule to train Buster.

Your fraternity brother knows that you are a psychology major and asks you to explain to him why he keeps going back to smoking no matter how many times he quits the habit. Describe in detail the classical conditioning components involved in smoking (the CS, UCS, CR, and UCR) and discuss how spontaneous recovery can cause the reoccurrence of the smoking habit.

You are surprised to discover that classical conditioning can produce immunosuppression. The original discovery of this phenomenon involved rats, but more recent studies indicate that immunosuppression may also occur in humans. This means that

One of your sorority sisters is in an abusive relationship. Her boyfriend physically abuses her and this has lead to several hospital visits. In talking with her, you discover that she also was abused by her father as a child. You now begin to understand why she puts up with an abusive boyfriend. This is a classic example of

In a particular TV add, an attractive model is shown with a red Corvette. Which of the following statements is correct?

Watson and Raynor conditioned Little Albert to fear a white rat. In this study, the UCS was

Contrast latent learning and insight learning.

Which of the following is an example of instinctive drift?