Exam 6: Learning

A reinforcer that acquires its positive value through experience is a(n) ________ reinforcer.

David earns one thousand dollars every time his sales reach one hundred thousand dollars. For David, the bonus is an example of ________ reinforcement.

If, through experience, you come to the conclusion that all things are beyond your control and therefore you should not even try, you are exhibiting

Insight learning occurs only in humans.

Both negative reinforcers and positive reinforcers have the same impact on behavior.

In Pavlov's well-known study on classical conditioning, the bell was the ________ before conditioning and the ________ after conditioning had occurred.

Mary is a teacher in an inner city school that is considered "at-risk" because of low student achievement scores. She notices that most of the students believe that academic ability or intelligence is a fixed, innate ability. What can Mary expect from students given this mindset?

Define the term "mindset" and distinguish between a fixed mindset and a growth mindset. Which would you prefer to have and why?

How might you research the connection between dopamine and operant conditioning if you had some human volunteers who gave informed consent and were found to have lowered levels of this neurotransmitter? What things might you try in an experiment?

What has recent neuroscientific research found relative to the operant conditioning principle of reinforcement of behaviors? What neurotransmitter plays a key role in reinforcement?

Wendell always gets anxious prior to taking a math test. In science, his class has just started a section on physics which happens to include many formulas and numbers. When the teacher announces a quiz in science, Wendell begins to feel anxious. What is Wendell demonstrating?

Behavior modification can be used to enhance self-control.

Which of the following is the response most parents give when asked why they physically punish their children?

Through the process of classical conditioning, service dogs can be trained to do a variety of household tasks.

Which of the following behaviors indicate learning?

A ________ would be LEAST interested in a primary reinforcer.

Anticipating a scary event whenever eerie music is played in a movie is a function of

Kayla is selling her Girl Scout cookies in the neighborhood. She never knows how many houses she will have to visit before she sells all of her cookies. Kayla is operating on a ________ schedule.

Being able to predict the occurrence of one stimulus by the presence of another one is called

In operant conditioning