Question 1

Explain what the presentence investigative report is and why it is important.

Accepted Answer

-This report is compiled by a probation officer, the report describes the crime in question, notes the suffering of any victims, and lists the defendant's prior offenses (as well as any alleged but uncharged criminal activity).
-The report also contains a range of personal data such as family background, work history, education, and community activities- information that is not admissible as evidence during trial.
-In putting together the presentence investigative report, the probation officer is supposed to gain a "feel" for the defendant and communicate these impressions to the judge.

Question 2

When public opinion moves toward more severe strategies of punishment, legislatures have responded by asserting their power over determining sentencing guidelines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

"Three-strikes laws" are specifically geared to target which offending population?

Accepted Answer

A)  juvenile offenders 
B)  habitual offenders 
C)  minor offenders 
D)  misdemeanor offenders 
A)  juvenile offenders 
B)  habitual offenders 
C)  minor offenders 
D)  misdemeanor offenders B

Question 4

What U.S. Supreme Court case held that juveniles who committed their crime before the age of 18 were no longer able to be executed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Furman v. Georgia 
B)  Weems v. United States 
C)  Roper v. Simmons 
D)  Gregg v. Georgia 
A)  Furman v. Georgia 
B)  Weems v. United States 
C)  Roper v. Simmons 
D)  Gregg v. Georgia

Question 5

What U.S. Supreme Court case held that cruel and unusual punishment is defined by the changing norms of society and is not based on historical interpretations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Furman v. Georgia 
B)  Weems v. United States 
C)  Roper v. Simmons 
D)  Gregg v. Georgia 
A)  Furman v. Georgia 
B)  Weems v. United States 
C)  Roper v. Simmons 
D)  Gregg v. Georgia

Question 6

A stipulation that allows a judge to adjust his or her sentencing decision based on the
Special circumstances of a particular case is called a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  disparity 
B)  affidavit 
C)  departure 
D)  reversal 
A)  disparity 
B)  affidavit 
C)  departure 
D)  reversal

Question 7

According to your book, for which type of offense does an offender typically spend less than half of the sentenced time in prison?

Accepted Answer

A)  assault 
B)  robbery 
C)  rape 
D)  drug trafficking 
A)  assault 
B)  robbery 
C)  rape 
D)  drug trafficking

Question 8

While examining sentencing disparities and discrimination, Spohn and Holleran found that the rate of imprisonment rose significantly for which of the following populations?

Accepted Answer

A)  young and unemployed 
B)  middle age and unemployed 
C)  elderly and unemployed 
D)  young and employed 
A)  young and unemployed 
B)  middle age and unemployed 
C)  elderly and unemployed 
D)  young and employed

Question 9

Restitution and community service are seen as reparations to the injured party or to the community, whereas fines are payable to the government.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A period of incarceration that is fixed by a legislative body and cannot be reduced by judges or other corrections officials is called __________.

Accepted Answer

determinat

Question 11

Judicial sentencing authority has done which of the following in the last twenty years?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased 
B)  decreased 
C)  stayed the same 
D)  is unable to be measured 
A)  increased 
B)  decreased 
C)  stayed the same 
D)  is unable to be measured

Question 12

Which type of deterrence focuses on punishing one person, in the hopes that others will be dissuaded from committing a similar crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  specific deterrence 
B)  general deterrence 
C)  overall deterrence. 
D)  circumstantial deterrence 
A)  specific deterrence 
B)  general deterrence 
C)  overall deterrence. 
D)  circumstantial deterrence

Question 13

A third party facilitator between the victim and the offender is called a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  mediator 
B)  prosecutor 
C)  probation officer 
D)  public defender 
A)  mediator 
B)  prosecutor 
C)  probation officer 
D)  public defender

Question 14

A period of incarceration that is fixed by a sentencing authority is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  a determinate sentence 
B)  an indeterminate sentence 
C)  truth-in sentencing 
D)  good time sentence 
A)  a determinate sentence 
B)  an indeterminate sentence 
C)  truth-in sentencing 
D)  good time sentence

Question 15

An term of incarceration in which a judge determines the minimum and maximum terms of imprisonment is called __________.

Accepted Answer

indetermin

Question 16

Mandatory sentencing guidelines are statutorily determined punishments that must be applied to those who are convicted of specific crimes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Explain the difference between sentencing disparity and sentencing discrimination.

Accepted Answer

-Sentencing disparity occurs in one of t

Question 18

Approximately how many states in the United States employ the death penalty?

Accepted Answer

A)  22 
B)  28 
C)  34 
D)  50 
A)  22 
B)  28 
C)  34 
D)  50

Question 19

A statement to the sentencing body (judge, jury, or parole board) in which a person is given the opportunity to describe how the crime has affected her or him is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  victim impact statement 
B)  victim report 
C)  contested sentence 
D)  appeal 
A)  victim impact statement 
B)  victim report 
C)  contested sentence 
D)  appeal

Question 20

In Baze v. Rees the Supreme Court ruled that the mere possibility of pain "does not establish harm that qualifies as cruel and unusual" punishment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Explain what the presentence investigative report is and why it is important.

When public opinion moves toward more severe strategies of punishment, legislatures have responded by asserting their power over determining sentencing guidelines.

"Three-strikes laws" are specifically geared to target which offending population?

What U.S. Supreme Court case held that juveniles who committed their crime before the age of 18 were no longer able to be executed?

What U.S. Supreme Court case held that cruel and unusual punishment is defined by the changing norms of society and is not based on historical interpretations?

A stipulation that allows a judge to adjust his or her sentencing decision based on the Special circumstances of a particular case is called a __________.

According to your book, for which type of offense does an offender typically spend less than half of the sentenced time in prison?

While examining sentencing disparities and discrimination, Spohn and Holleran found that the rate of imprisonment rose significantly for which of the following populations?

Restitution and community service are seen as reparations to the injured party or to the community, whereas fines are payable to the government.

A period of incarceration that is fixed by a legislative body and cannot be reduced by judges or other corrections officials is called __________.

Judicial sentencing authority has done which of the following in the last twenty years?

Which type of deterrence focuses on punishing one person, in the hopes that others will be dissuaded from committing a similar crime?

A third party facilitator between the victim and the offender is called a __________.

A period of incarceration that is fixed by a sentencing authority is called:

An term of incarceration in which a judge determines the minimum and maximum terms of imprisonment is called __________.

Mandatory sentencing guidelines are statutorily determined punishments that must be applied to those who are convicted of specific crimes.

Explain the difference between sentencing disparity and sentencing discrimination.

Approximately how many states in the United States employ the death penalty?

A statement to the sentencing body (judge, jury, or parole board) in which a person is given the opportunity to describe how the crime has affected her or him is called a(n):

In Baze v. Rees the Supreme Court ruled that the mere possibility of pain "does not establish harm that qualifies as cruel and unusual" punishment.

Criminal Justice Today

Causes of Crime

Defining and Measuring Crime

Inside Criminal Law

Law Enforcement Today

Challenges to Effective Policing

Police and the Constitution: The Rules of Law Enforcement

Courts and the Quest for Justice

Pretrial Procedures: The Adversary System in Action

The Criminal Trial

Probation and Community Corrections

Prisons and Jails

Behind Bars: The Life of an Inmate

The Juvenile Justice System

Homeland Security

Cyber Crime and the Future of Criminal Justice

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Exam 11: Punishment and Sentencing

Explain what the presentence investigative report is and why it is important.

When public opinion moves toward more severe strategies of punishment, legislatures have responded by asserting their power over determining sentencing guidelines.

"Three-strikes laws" are specifically geared to target which offending population?

What U.S. Supreme Court case held that juveniles who committed their crime before the age of 18 were no longer able to be executed?

What U.S. Supreme Court case held that cruel and unusual punishment is defined by the changing norms of society and is not based on historical interpretations?

A stipulation that allows a judge to adjust his or her sentencing decision based on the Special circumstances of a particular case is called a __________.

According to your book, for which type of offense does an offender typically spend less than half of the sentenced time in prison?

While examining sentencing disparities and discrimination, Spohn and Holleran found that the rate of imprisonment rose significantly for which of the following populations?

Restitution and community service are seen as reparations to the injured party or to the community, whereas fines are payable to the government.

A period of incarceration that is fixed by a legislative body and cannot be reduced by judges or other corrections officials is called __________.

Judicial sentencing authority has done which of the following in the last twenty years?

Which type of deterrence focuses on punishing one person, in the hopes that others will be dissuaded from committing a similar crime?

A third party facilitator between the victim and the offender is called a __________.

A period of incarceration that is fixed by a sentencing authority is called:

An term of incarceration in which a judge determines the minimum and maximum terms of imprisonment is called __________.

Mandatory sentencing guidelines are statutorily determined punishments that must be applied to those who are convicted of specific crimes.

Explain the difference between sentencing disparity and sentencing discrimination.

Approximately how many states in the United States employ the death penalty?

A statement to the sentencing body (judge, jury, or parole board) in which a person is given the opportunity to describe how the crime has affected her or him is called a(n):

In Baze v. Rees the Supreme Court ruled that the mere possibility of pain "does not establish harm that qualifies as cruel and unusual" punishment.

Criminal Justice Today

Causes of Crime

Defining and Measuring Crime

Inside Criminal Law

Law Enforcement Today

Challenges to Effective Policing

Police and the Constitution: The Rules of Law Enforcement

Courts and the Quest for Justice

Pretrial Procedures: The Adversary System in Action

The Criminal Trial

Probation and Community Corrections

Prisons and Jails

Behind Bars: The Life of an Inmate

The Juvenile Justice System

Homeland Security

Cyber Crime and the Future of Criminal Justice

Filters