Exam 4: Speciation and Phylogeny

On the Galápagos Islands, natural selection pressures maintain the boundaries between three species even though there is substantial gene flow between them. This example provides evidence that

In order to conduct a meaningful comparative analysis, a researcher must

According to the biological species concept, species remain the same because

Allopatric speciation can involve

When daughter species first diverge from each other, they are most likely to differ in

A phylogeny

Consider the following amino acid sequence for three different species, A, B, and C. Each number is a different amino acid. The letter in each cell depicts the nitrogenous base that is associated with each amino acid. Which two species are most closely related based on this part of the genome?

What is the ecological species concept? Is it applicable to asexual species?

Sympatric speciation involves

Genetic distance data reveals that ________ are more genetically distant from humans than any of the other great apes.

Scientists use ________ to construct phylogenies.

Explain the difference between homologous and analogous characters. Which of these should be used in phylogenetic analysis?

Different species of baboons live all over Africa in very diverse habitats. This is an example of ________ speciation.

Analogous characters are similar because of

Give a hypothetical example of allopatric speciation.

The limbs of all mammals contain three bones. This is an example of a(n) ________ trait.

Explain why shared ancestral characters do not yield good information about relationships between species.

During allopatric speciation, ________ may amplify the initial differences between populations and lead to two new species.

Explain the difference between ancestral and derived characters.

At the end of the Cretaceous era, mammals diversified to fill a broad range of ecological niches. This is an example of