Question 1

According to the biological species concept, a species is a group of organisms that

Accepted Answer

A)  share morphology. 
B)  share the same geographical and environmental circumstances. 
C)  are reproductively isolated from other like groups. 
D)  share genetic information. 
A)  share morphology. 
B)  share the same geographical and environmental circumstances. 
C)  are reproductively isolated from other like groups. 
D)  share genetic information.

Question 2

How does speciation occur? After a speciation event, by what mechanisms do new species remain distinct?

Accepted Answer

Speciation occurs when new branches are

Question 3

Give a hypothetical example of parapatric speciation.

Accepted Answer

A hypothetical example of parapatric spe

Question 4

Proponents of the neutral theory

Accepted Answer

A)  believe that most changes in DNA sequences produce clocklike change because they are controlled by drift and mutation. 
B)  think the molecular clock is a result of natural selection. 
C)  are not sure if we can accurately calculate how long ago two lineages diverged. 
D)  use only derived traits in their analysis. 
A)  believe that most changes in DNA sequences produce clocklike change because they are controlled by drift and mutation. 
B)  think the molecular clock is a result of natural selection. 
C)  are not sure if we can accurately calculate how long ago two lineages diverged. 
D)  use only derived traits in their analysis.

Question 5

Closely related species are more similar to each other than they are to distantly related species for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  they share a more recent common ancestor than distantly related species. 
B)  distantly related species have had interrupted gene flow for a longer period of time. 
C)  distantly related species have had a longer time for independent evolution. 
D)  they have experienced more similar selection pressures than distantly related species. 
A)  they share a more recent common ancestor than distantly related species. 
B)  distantly related species have had interrupted gene flow for a longer period of time. 
C)  distantly related species have had a longer time for independent evolution. 
D)  they have experienced more similar selection pressures than distantly related species.

Question 6

Compare and contrast cladistic and evolutionary systematics. Illustrate your answer by discussing the phylogeny of apes and humans.

Accepted Answer

Although evolutionary systematists and c

Question 7

________ occurs when members of a given group of organisms do NOT successfully mate with organisms of the same species outside of their group.

Accepted Answer

A)  Monogamy 
B)  Gene flow 
C)  Reproductive isolation 
D)  Microevolution 
A)  Monogamy 
B)  Gene flow 
C)  Reproductive isolation 
D)  Microevolution

Question 8

Consider all three species of the genus Happy: the Eastern Mugwump, the Western Mugwump, and the Middle Mugwump. All of these species evolved from a six-legged common ancestor. The Eastern and Middle Mugwumps have six legs, and the Western Mugwumps have eight legs. For the genus Happy, six-leggedness is

Accepted Answer

A)  ancestral. 
B)  derived. 
C)  convergent. 
D)  a mutation. 
A)  ancestral. 
B)  derived. 
C)  convergent. 
D)  a mutation.

Question 9

Parapatric speciation occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  selection causes a single species to develop different adaptations to a similar environment. 
B)  a population is divided into two reproductively isolated subgroups that form separate species. 
C)  a single species experiences a gradient of environmental differences within its geographic range, which result in reproductive isolation. 
D)  a formerly isolated subpopulation recolonizes its home range and mates with the remaining individuals. 
A)  selection causes a single species to develop different adaptations to a similar environment. 
B)  a population is divided into two reproductively isolated subgroups that form separate species. 
C)  a single species experiences a gradient of environmental differences within its geographic range, which result in reproductive isolation. 
D)  a formerly isolated subpopulation recolonizes its home range and mates with the remaining individuals.

Question 10

Closely related species are similar to each other because they

Accepted Answer

A)  share a recent common ancestor. 
B)  have converged on some functional characteristic, such as flight. 
C)  live in close proximity to one another. 
D)  live in similar environments all over the world. 
A)  share a recent common ancestor. 
B)  have converged on some functional characteristic, such as flight. 
C)  live in close proximity to one another. 
D)  live in similar environments all over the world.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a reason that reproductive isolation occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in a population's size 
B)  Variation in a species' courtship behavior 
C)  Restriction in a population's habitat 
D)  Variation in individual's activity patterns 
A)  An increase in a population's size 
B)  Variation in a species' courtship behavior 
C)  Restriction in a population's habitat 
D)  Variation in individual's activity patterns

Question 12

Which of the following can be used to determine whether a character is ancestral or derived?

Accepted Answer

A)  The molecular clock 
B)  In-group comparison 
C)  The fossil record 
D)  Convergent characters 
A)  The molecular clock 
B)  In-group comparison 
C)  The fossil record 
D)  Convergent characters

Question 13

Consider species A, B, and C, who share a knuckle-walking common ancestor. Species A and B are bipedal. Species C is a knuckle walker. Which of the following is most likely to be true?

Accepted Answer

A)  A and B are more closely related to each other than to C. 
B)  A and C are more closely related to each other than to B. 
C)  C and B are more closely related to each other than to A. 
D)  There is not enough information to determine the most likely relationship. 
A)  A and B are more closely related to each other than to C. 
B)  A and C are more closely related to each other than to B. 
C)  C and B are more closely related to each other than to A. 
D)  There is not enough information to determine the most likely relationship.

Question 14

Microevolution is

Accepted Answer

A)  the formation of new species. 
B)  the extinction of a species. 
C)  evolutionary change within a species. 
D)  the death of individuals. 
A)  the formation of new species. 
B)  the extinction of a species. 
C)  evolutionary change within a species. 
D)  the death of individuals.

Question 15

Macroevolution is

Accepted Answer

A)  the formation of new species. 
B)  the death of individuals. 
C)  evolutionary change within a species. 
D)  the extinction of a species. 
A)  the formation of new species. 
B)  the death of individuals. 
C)  evolutionary change within a species. 
D)  the extinction of a species.

Question 16

The observation that chickens and humans are bipedal but not part of the same taxonomic group is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  gene flow. 
B)  ancestry. 
C)  systematics. 
D)  convergent evolution. 
A)  gene flow. 
B)  ancestry. 
C)  systematics. 
D)  convergent evolution.

Question 17

According to the ecological species concept, individuals within a species remain similar to each other because

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals in the same environment experience similar natural selection pressures. 
B)  lack of gene flow prevents the mixing of genes. 
C)  individuals in the same population share DNA. 
D)  individuals in the same environment sometimes experience different selection pressures. 
A)  individuals in the same environment experience similar natural selection pressures. 
B)  lack of gene flow prevents the mixing of genes. 
C)  individuals in the same population share DNA. 
D)  individuals in the same environment sometimes experience different selection pressures.

Question 18

Sympatric speciation occurs when two populations

Accepted Answer

A)  experience different mutations. 
B)  living in the same location experience different selection pressures. 
C)  form fertile hybrids. 
D)  are physically separated from each other. 
A)  experience different mutations. 
B)  living in the same location experience different selection pressures. 
C)  form fertile hybrids. 
D)  are physically separated from each other.

Question 19

Ancestral characters are traits that

Accepted Answer

A)  characterize the last common ancestor that a particular collection of species share. 
B)  evolved after the last common ancestor that a particular collection of species share. 
C)  are less well suited to the environment than derived characters. 
D)  are less specialized than derived characters. 
A)  characterize the last common ancestor that a particular collection of species share. 
B)  evolved after the last common ancestor that a particular collection of species share. 
C)  are less well suited to the environment than derived characters. 
D)  are less specialized than derived characters.

According to the biological species concept, a species is a group of organisms that

How does speciation occur? After a speciation event, by what mechanisms do new species remain distinct?

Give a hypothetical example of parapatric speciation.

Proponents of the neutral theory

Closely related species are more similar to each other than they are to distantly related species for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Compare and contrast cladistic and evolutionary systematics. Illustrate your answer by discussing the phylogeny of apes and humans.

________ occurs when members of a given group of organisms do NOT successfully mate with organisms of the same species outside of their group.

Parapatric speciation occurs when

Closely related species are similar to each other because they

Which of the following is NOT a reason that reproductive isolation occurs?

Which of the following can be used to determine whether a character is ancestral or derived?

Consider species A, B, and C, who share a knuckle-walking common ancestor. Species A and B are bipedal. Species C is a knuckle walker. Which of the following is most likely to be true?

Microevolution is

Macroevolution is

The observation that chickens and humans are bipedal but not part of the same taxonomic group is an example of

According to the ecological species concept, individuals within a species remain similar to each other because

Sympatric speciation occurs when two populations

Ancestral characters are traits that

Adaptation by Natural Selection

Genetics

The Modern Synthesis

Primate Diversity and Ecology

Primate Mating Systems

The Evolution of Cooperation

Primate Life Histories and the Evolution of Intelligence

From Tree Shrew to Ape

From Hominoid to Hominin

Oldowan Toolmakers and the Origin of Human Life History

From Hominin to Homo

Homo sapiens and the Evolution of Modern Human Behavior

Human Genetic Variation

Evolution and Human Behavior

Culture Cooperation and Human Uniqueness

Filters

Exam 4: Speciation and Phylogeny

According to the biological species concept, a species is a group of organisms that

How does speciation occur? After a speciation event, by what mechanisms do new species remain distinct?

Give a hypothetical example of parapatric speciation.

Proponents of the neutral theory

Closely related species are more similar to each other than they are to distantly related species for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Compare and contrast cladistic and evolutionary systematics. Illustrate your answer by discussing the phylogeny of apes and humans.

________ occurs when members of a given group of organisms do NOT successfully mate with organisms of the same species outside of their group.

Parapatric speciation occurs when

Closely related species are similar to each other because they

Which of the following is NOT a reason that reproductive isolation occurs?

Which of the following can be used to determine whether a character is ancestral or derived?

Consider species A, B, and C, who share a knuckle-walking common ancestor. Species A and B are bipedal. Species C is a knuckle walker. Which of the following is most likely to be true?

Microevolution is

Macroevolution is

The observation that chickens and humans are bipedal but not part of the same taxonomic group is an example of

According to the ecological species concept, individuals within a species remain similar to each other because

Sympatric speciation occurs when two populations

Ancestral characters are traits that

Adaptation by Natural Selection

Genetics

The Modern Synthesis

Primate Diversity and Ecology

Primate Mating Systems

The Evolution of Cooperation

Primate Life Histories and the Evolution of Intelligence

From Tree Shrew to Ape

From Hominoid to Hominin

Oldowan Toolmakers and the Origin of Human Life History

From Hominin to Homo

Homo sapiens and the Evolution of Modern Human Behavior

Human Genetic Variation

Evolution and Human Behavior

Culture Cooperation and Human Uniqueness

Filters