Question 1

The primary contribution of Golgi to the field of cognitive neuroscience was that he

Accepted Answer

A) developed a staining technique that permitted full visualization of individual neurons. 
B) showed experimentally that the nervous system is composed of a net of physically interconnected neuronal units. 
C) discovered that cells in different regions of the cortex also differ in shape and size. 
D) demonstrated that nerves can release chemicals that have an activating effect on nearby muscle cells. 
A) developed a staining technique that permitted full visualization of individual neurons. 
B) showed experimentally that the nervous system is composed of a net of physically interconnected neuronal units. 
C) discovered that cells in different regions of the cortex also differ in shape and size. 
D) demonstrated that nerves can release chemicals that have an activating effect on nearby muscle cells. A

Question 2

John Watson famously argued that newborn babies

Accepted Answer

A) are incapable of forming memories. 
B) have an intelligence comparable to our nearest primate cousins. 
C) can be raised to become anything. 
D) will develop different intellectual abilities according to innate differences. 
A) are incapable of forming memories. 
B) have an intelligence comparable to our nearest primate cousins. 
C) can be raised to become anything. 
D) will develop different intellectual abilities according to innate differences. C

Question 3

As a first approximation,individuals with damage to the left inferior frontal lobe tend to have more difficulty with ________,whereas individuals with damage to the left posterior temporal lobe tend to have more difficulty with ________.

Accepted Answer

A) fine motor control / the sense of touch 
B) the sense of touch / fine motor control 
C) the production of language / the perception of language 
D) the perception of language / the production of language 
A) fine motor control / the sense of touch 
B) the sense of touch / fine motor control 
C) the production of language / the perception of language 
D) the perception of language / the production of language C

Question 4

La reazione nera,or "the black reaction," refers to

Accepted Answer

A) a cell stain developed by Golgi. 
B) a perceptual phenomenon described by the Gestalt psychologists. 
C) a ganglion preparation developed by Arvanitaki. 
D) a type of reinforcement-based learning described by the behaviorists. 
A) a cell stain developed by Golgi. 
B) a perceptual phenomenon described by the Gestalt psychologists. 
C) a ganglion preparation developed by Arvanitaki. 
D) a type of reinforcement-based learning described by the behaviorists.

Question 5

Who is known as the father of modern neuroscience?

Accepted Answer

A) Pierre Paul Broca 
B) Sir Charles Sherrington 
C) Gustav Theodor Fritsch 
D) Santiago Ramón y Cajal 
A) Pierre Paul Broca 
B) Sir Charles Sherrington 
C) Gustav Theodor Fritsch 
D) Santiago Ramón y Cajal

Question 6

The neuron doctrine holds that the brain is a syncytium of continuous,interconnected neural tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true of empiricism?

Accepted Answer

A) It is primarily associated with the British philosophers Hobbes,Hume,and Mill. 
B) It was a foundation for the associationist-behaviorist school of psychology. 
C) It postulates a special role for reason and induction in human thought. 
D) It emphasizes sensory experience in the development of knowledge. 
A) It is primarily associated with the British philosophers Hobbes,Hume,and Mill. 
B) It was a foundation for the associationist-behaviorist school of psychology. 
C) It postulates a special role for reason and induction in human thought. 
D) It emphasizes sensory experience in the development of knowledge.

Question 8

The case of Anne Green was remarkable in that after being falsely convicted of murdering her newborn child,

Accepted Answer

A) she survived an attempted electrocution. 
B) she escaped and later married Thomas Willis,a famous neurologist. 
C) she survived an attempted hanging. 
D) she escaped and later became a famous neurologist. 
A) she survived an attempted electrocution. 
B) she escaped and later married Thomas Willis,a famous neurologist. 
C) she survived an attempted hanging. 
D) she escaped and later became a famous neurologist.

Question 9

Which of the following people did NOT play a strong role in the theoretical shift in psychology in the latter part of the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

A) Noam Chomsky 
B) Charles Sherrington 
C) George A.Miller 
D) Claude Shannon 
A) Noam Chomsky 
B) Charles Sherrington 
C) George A.Miller 
D) Claude Shannon

Question 10

All of the following are representative of the emergence of the field of cognitive science in the second half of the 20th century EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) new developments in computer technology and artificial intelligence. 
B) a philosophical shift in the field toward empiricism and associationism. 
C) Chomsky's work arguing that behaviorist theories cannot explain language acquisition. 
D) Miller's work showing that internal processes like short-term memory can be quantified. 
A) new developments in computer technology and artificial intelligence. 
B) a philosophical shift in the field toward empiricism and associationism. 
C) Chomsky's work arguing that behaviorist theories cannot explain language acquisition. 
D) Miller's work showing that internal processes like short-term memory can be quantified.

Question 11

Two famous neurological case studies having to do with language were described by Paul Broca and Carl Wernicke.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Describe the philosophical positions of rationalism and empiricism.How are they relevant to cognitive neuroscience?

Accepted Answer

Rationalism and empiricism are two contr

Question 13

Rationalism is the philosophical position that knowledge

Accepted Answer

A) originates from sensory experience. 
B) must be experimentally tested. 
C) must be deduced and justified through reason. 
D) is globally distributed in the cortex. 
A) originates from sensory experience. 
B) must be experimentally tested. 
C) must be deduced and justified through reason. 
D) is globally distributed in the cortex.

Question 14

Noam Chomsky argued that the structure of human languages is ________,in contrast to B.F.Skinner's assertion that languages are ________.

Accepted Answer

A) innate / learned 
B) learned / universal 
C) universal / rational 
D) rational / innate 
A) innate / learned 
B) learned / universal 
C) universal / rational 
D) rational / innate

Question 15

A major question in cognitive neuroscience is the extent to which regions of the brain are specialized and independent rather than holistic and integrated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Phrenologists believed that the contour of the skull could provide valuable information about an individual's cognitive capacities and personality traits.This approach was based on the assumption that

Accepted Answer

A) skull protrusions are caused by disproportionate development of the brain areas beneath them,which are responsible for different specific functions. 
B) certain traits such as aggressiveness lead to life experiences and injuries that alter the shape of the skull in specific ways. 
C) life experiences and injuries that alter the shape of the skull in specific ways lead to certain traits,such as aggressiveness. 
D) the development of the skull bones directly influences the configuration of the soft brain areas beneath them,which are responsible for different specific functions. 
A) skull protrusions are caused by disproportionate development of the brain areas beneath them,which are responsible for different specific functions. 
B) certain traits such as aggressiveness lead to life experiences and injuries that alter the shape of the skull in specific ways. 
C) life experiences and injuries that alter the shape of the skull in specific ways lead to certain traits,such as aggressiveness. 
D) the development of the skull bones directly influences the configuration of the soft brain areas beneath them,which are responsible for different specific functions.

Question 17

One reason that early research on specific human cognitive capacities and the brain areas that are responsible for them developed rather slowly before the 20th century is that

Accepted Answer

A) most early investigators were limited to postmortem studies to localize lesions. 
B) most early investigators focused on analyzing the shape of the skull. 
C) most early investigators focused on studying the brain-behavior relationship in animals rather than in humans. 
D) there was little interest in this field until the 20th century. 
A) most early investigators were limited to postmortem studies to localize lesions. 
B) most early investigators focused on analyzing the shape of the skull. 
C) most early investigators focused on studying the brain-behavior relationship in animals rather than in humans. 
D) there was little interest in this field until the 20th century.

Question 18

The discipline of phrenology was founded by

Accepted Answer

A) Broca and Wernicke. 
B) Fritsch and Hitzig. 
C) Cajal and Sherrington. 
D) Gall and Spurzheim. 
A) Broca and Wernicke. 
B) Fritsch and Hitzig. 
C) Cajal and Sherrington. 
D) Gall and Spurzheim.

Question 19

What is the neuron doctrine? Describe the contributions of two figures in the history of neuroscience to this theory.

Accepted Answer

The neuron doctrine is a fundamental pri

Question 20

The Gestalt psychologists argued that

Accepted Answer

A) complex processes like memory can be measured and analyzed. 
B) psychological experiences can be related precisely to the physical properties of light and sound. 
C) most knowledge comes from sensory experience. 
D) percepts are best understood in relation to a stimulus's emergent properties. 
A) complex processes like memory can be measured and analyzed. 
B) psychological experiences can be related precisely to the physical properties of light and sound. 
C) most knowledge comes from sensory experience. 
D) percepts are best understood in relation to a stimulus's emergent properties.

The primary contribution of Golgi to the field of cognitive neuroscience was that he

John Watson famously argued that newborn babies

As a first approximation,individuals with damage to the left inferior frontal lobe tend to have more difficulty with ,whereas individuals with damage to the left posterior temporal lobe tend to have more difficulty with .

La reazione nera,or "the black reaction," refers to

Who is known as the father of modern neuroscience?

The neuron doctrine holds that the brain is a syncytium of continuous,interconnected neural tissue.

Which of the following is NOT true of empiricism?

The case of Anne Green was remarkable in that after being falsely convicted of murdering her newborn child,

Which of the following people did NOT play a strong role in the theoretical shift in psychology in the latter part of the 20th century?

All of the following are representative of the emergence of the field of cognitive science in the second half of the 20th century EXCEPT

Two famous neurological case studies having to do with language were described by Paul Broca and Carl Wernicke.

Describe the philosophical positions of rationalism and empiricism.How are they relevant to cognitive neuroscience?

Rationalism is the philosophical position that knowledge

Noam Chomsky argued that the structure of human languages is ,in contrast to B.F.Skinner's assertion that languages are .

A major question in cognitive neuroscience is the extent to which regions of the brain are specialized and independent rather than holistic and integrated.

Phrenologists believed that the contour of the skull could provide valuable information about an individual's cognitive capacities and personality traits.This approach was based on the assumption that

One reason that early research on specific human cognitive capacities and the brain areas that are responsible for them developed rather slowly before the 20th century is that

The discipline of phrenology was founded by

What is the neuron doctrine? Describe the contributions of two figures in the history of neuroscience to this theory.

The Gestalt psychologists argued that

Cellular Mechanisms and Cognition

Neuroanatomy and Development

Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience

Sensation and Perception

Object Recognition

The Control of Action

Learning and Memory

Emotion

Language

Hemispheric Specialization

Attention and Consciousness

Cognitive Control

Social Cognition

Evolutionary Perspectives

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Exam 1: A Brief History of Cognitive Neuroscience

The primary contribution of Golgi to the field of cognitive neuroscience was that he

John Watson famously argued that newborn babies

As a first approximation,individuals with damage to the left inferior frontal lobe tend to have more difficulty with ________,whereas individuals with damage to the left posterior temporal lobe tend to have more difficulty with ________.

La reazione nera,or "the black reaction," refers to

Who is known as the father of modern neuroscience?

The neuron doctrine holds that the brain is a syncytium of continuous,interconnected neural tissue.

Which of the following is NOT true of empiricism?

The case of Anne Green was remarkable in that after being falsely convicted of murdering her newborn child,

Which of the following people did NOT play a strong role in the theoretical shift in psychology in the latter part of the 20th century?

All of the following are representative of the emergence of the field of cognitive science in the second half of the 20th century EXCEPT

Two famous neurological case studies having to do with language were described by Paul Broca and Carl Wernicke.

Describe the philosophical positions of rationalism and empiricism.How are they relevant to cognitive neuroscience?

Rationalism is the philosophical position that knowledge

Noam Chomsky argued that the structure of human languages is ________,in contrast to B.F.Skinner's assertion that languages are ________.

A major question in cognitive neuroscience is the extent to which regions of the brain are specialized and independent rather than holistic and integrated.

Phrenologists believed that the contour of the skull could provide valuable information about an individual's cognitive capacities and personality traits.This approach was based on the assumption that

One reason that early research on specific human cognitive capacities and the brain areas that are responsible for them developed rather slowly before the 20th century is that

The discipline of phrenology was founded by

What is the neuron doctrine? Describe the contributions of two figures in the history of neuroscience to this theory.

The Gestalt psychologists argued that

Cellular Mechanisms and Cognition

Neuroanatomy and Development

Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience

Sensation and Perception

Object Recognition

The Control of Action

Learning and Memory

Emotion

Language

Hemispheric Specialization

Attention and Consciousness

Cognitive Control

Social Cognition

Evolutionary Perspectives

Filters

As a first approximation,individuals with damage to the left inferior frontal lobe tend to have more difficulty with ,whereas individuals with damage to the left posterior temporal lobe tend to have more difficulty with .

Noam Chomsky argued that the structure of human languages is ,in contrast to B.F.Skinner's assertion that languages are .