Exam 9: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Bethany, age 3, spends, a large amount of time engaged in make-believe play. Her parents are especially concerned because Bethany has a pair of imaginary mice that she talks to and talks about. Bethany's grandmother believes that this is a sign of maladjustment. What can you tell Bethany's parents and grandmother that might ease their minds?

The most important illogical feature of preoperational thought is its

Of the following statements, which is supported by research on Head Start?

Piaget acknowledged that ___________ is our most flexible means of mental representation.

Between the ages of 2 and 6, a child's spoken vocabulary increases from an average of ______ words to an average of _________ words.

Follow-up research on preoperational thought indicates that preschoolers can successfully solve a conservation-of-number task when the task

Make-believe ________ as children realize that agents and recipients of pretend actions can be independent of themselves.

Preschoolers who spend more time in sociodramatic play are seen as ___________ by their teachers.

Even preschoolers with good language skills recall poorly because they are not skilled at using

Four-year-old Jack is a snack helper. He counts five children at his table and then retrieves five milk cartons. Jack is displaying an understanding of

In Ms. Allison's Piagetian kindergarten classroom, teachers introduce activities that build on children's current thinking, challenging their incorrect ways of viewing the work. But they do not try to speed up development by imposing new skills before children indicate that they are interested and ready. This kindergarten emphasizes the Piagetian principle of

Theory of mind research indicates that by age 2, children realize that

Evidence that logical operations develop gradually and that preschoolers can be trained to perform well on Piagetian tasks pose a serious challenge to Piaget's

Greta has just been shown two boxes-a plain, unmarked box full of raisins and a familiar marked raisin box that is empty. Next, Greta is asked to predict where another child will look for raisins. This task assesses Greta's understanding of

Twenty-month-old Hyrum attempts to sit in a tiny doll chair. Difficulty with _________ may contribute to Hyrum's scale error.

According to Piaget, the most obvious change during the preoperational stage is the increase in

Children with autism

Which of the following statements is supported by research on child care?

Formal academic training during early childhood

Understanding of false belief is associated with early _________ ability.