Question 1

The concept of reaction range suggests that the following set limits on personality development

Accepted Answer

A)  parents. 
B)  genes. 
C)  cultures. 
D)  social class. 
A)  parents. 
B)  genes. 
C)  cultures. 
D)  social class.

Question 2

What are the "process" versus the "structure" aspects of a personality theory? In other words, to what psychological phenomena to the terms personality "structure" and "process" refer?

Accepted Answer

The "structure" aspects of a personality

Question 3

A "system"

Accepted Answer

A)  has many parts 
B)  has interconnections among its parts 
C)  displays behavior that reflects its overall organization 
D)  all of the above 
A)  has many parts 
B)  has interconnections among its parts 
C)  displays behavior that reflects its overall organization 
D)  all of the above

Question 4

Cultural influences on personality are always part of our conscious awareness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The phrase "nature versus nurture" refers to the study of

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic versus environmental influences. 
B)  unconscious versus conscious influences. 
C)  family versus peer influences. 
D)  processes versus structures. 
A)  genetic versus environmental influences. 
B)  unconscious versus conscious influences. 
C)  family versus peer influences. 
D)  processes versus structures.

Question 6

A clustering of traits is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  unit of analysis. 
B)  type. 
C)  factor. 
D)  dimension. 
A)  unit of analysis. 
B)  type. 
C)  factor. 
D)  dimension.

Question 7

There is only one legitimate definition of personality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Concepts such as trait and type fall into which of the following areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  structure. 
B)  process. 
C)  growth and development. 
D)  psychopathology. 
A)  structure. 
B)  process. 
C)  growth and development. 
D)  psychopathology.

Question 9

According to the "toolkit" metaphor, on what basis should we evaluate theories of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  According to whether they're correct most of the time; for instance, of 100 empirical studies that use the theory to explain a phenomenon, more than half should "work." 
B)  According to what they can accomplish with them, to what advantages they have over other theories, and to what "tools" could be added or subtracted to make them better. 
C)  According to how long they've been around, to how many times they've been used to explain phenomena, and to how many textbooks in which they appear. 
D)  According to whether they have "intuitive appeal" - that is, some theories make so much sense when one hears about them, that even in the absence of data, one can sense their value. 
A)  According to whether they're correct most of the time; for instance, of 100 empirical studies that use the theory to explain a phenomenon, more than half should "work." 
B)  According to what they can accomplish with them, to what advantages they have over other theories, and to what "tools" could be added or subtracted to make them better. 
C)  According to how long they've been around, to how many times they've been used to explain phenomena, and to how many textbooks in which they appear. 
D)  According to whether they have "intuitive appeal" - that is, some theories make so much sense when one hears about them, that even in the absence of data, one can sense their value.

Question 10

Why are children from the same family so different?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have different genes. 
B)  They have different family experiences. 
C)  They have different experiences outside the family. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  They have different genes. 
B)  They have different family experiences. 
C)  They have different experiences outside the family. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 11

Parents influence their children's behavior by

Accepted Answer

A)  selectively rewarding behaviors. 
B)  serving as role models. 
C)  eliciting specific behaviors by presenting situations to them. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  selectively rewarding behaviors. 
B)  serving as role models. 
C)  eliciting specific behaviors by presenting situations to them. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 12

The text suggests that everyday conceptions of personality and scientific theories share some things in common but also differ in important ways. What are the differences? In particular, what are some thing that the scientific personality psychologist need to accomplish that generally are not accomplished by a layperson who develops an intuitive theory of personality?

Accepted Answer

The differences between everyday concept

Question 13

According to the text, theories serve to

Accepted Answer

A)  establish truth and separate it from fiction. 
B)  organize the known and suggest new relationships to be found) 
C)  fit individuals into defined categories. 
D)  disprove other theories. 
A)  establish truth and separate it from fiction. 
B)  organize the known and suggest new relationships to be found) 
C)  fit individuals into defined categories. 
D)  disprove other theories.

Question 14

The text definition of personality focuses on patterns of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A good theory must have "research relevance," which is to say it

Accepted Answer

A)  must not lead to argument and debate. 
B)  must account for a wide variety of findings. 
C)  can be useful even if it is false. 
D)  must be shown to be correct. 
A)  must not lead to argument and debate. 
B)  must account for a wide variety of findings. 
C)  can be useful even if it is false. 
D)  must be shown to be correct.

Question 16

Theories are evaluated in terms of whether they are true and valid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following is not a criterion for the evaluation of a theory of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  creativity. 
B)  simplicity. 
C)  research relevance. 
D)  comprehensiveness. 
A)  creativity. 
B)  simplicity. 
C)  research relevance. 
D)  comprehensiveness.

Question 18

Genetic factors are more important than environment factors for most personality
characteristics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following has been a traditional reason for emphasis on the concept of self?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-awareness is an important phenomenological experience. 
B)  How we feel about ourselves seems to influence our behavior. 
C)  The concept of self expresses the organized, integrated aspects of human personality. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  Self-awareness is an important phenomenological experience. 
B)  How we feel about ourselves seems to influence our behavior. 
C)  The concept of self expresses the organized, integrated aspects of human personality. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 20

According to the text, theoretical diversity can contribute to the progress of personality psychology as a discipline.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The concept of reaction range suggests that the following set limits on personality development

What are the "process" versus the "structure" aspects of a personality theory? In other words, to what psychological phenomena to the terms personality "structure" and "process" refer?

A "system"

Cultural influences on personality are always part of our conscious awareness.

The phrase "nature versus nurture" refers to the study of

A clustering of traits is called a

There is only one legitimate definition of personality.

Concepts such as trait and type fall into which of the following areas?

According to the "toolkit" metaphor, on what basis should we evaluate theories of personality?

Why are children from the same family so different?

Parents influence their children's behavior by

According to the text, theories serve to

The text definition of personality focuses on patterns of behavior.

A good theory must have "research relevance," which is to say it

Theories are evaluated in terms of whether they are true and valid.

Which of the following is not a criterion for the evaluation of a theory of personality?

Genetic factors are more important than environment factors for most personality characteristics.

Which of the following has been a traditional reason for emphasis on the concept of self?

According to the text, theoretical diversity can contribute to the progress of personality psychology as a discipline.

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Biological Foundations of Personality

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Social-Cognitive Theory: Extensions, Applications, and Evaluation

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

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Exam 1: Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The concept of reaction range suggests that the following set limits on personality development

What are the "process" versus the "structure" aspects of a personality theory? In other words, to what psychological phenomena to the terms personality "structure" and "process" refer?

A "system"

Cultural influences on personality are always part of our conscious awareness.

The phrase "nature versus nurture" refers to the study of

A clustering of traits is called a

There is only one legitimate definition of personality.

Concepts such as trait and type fall into which of the following areas?

According to the "toolkit" metaphor, on what basis should we evaluate theories of personality?

Why are children from the same family so different?

Parents influence their children's behavior by

According to the text, theories serve to

The text definition of personality focuses on patterns of behavior.

A good theory must have "research relevance," which is to say it

Theories are evaluated in terms of whether they are true and valid.

Which of the following is not a criterion for the evaluation of a theory of personality?

Genetic factors are more important than environment factors for most personality characteristics.

Which of the following has been a traditional reason for emphasis on the concept of self?

According to the text, theoretical diversity can contribute to the progress of personality psychology as a discipline.

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Biological Foundations of Personality

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Social-Cognitive Theory: Extensions, Applications, and Evaluation

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

Filters