Exam 4: Attitudes: Definition and Structure

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The approach to addressing anti-Muslim sentiments would differ based on whether you used the expectancy-value, symbolic, or ideological approach to attitude to inform your campaign.

If you used the expectancy-value approach, you would focus on changing the perceived outcomes and values associated with interacting with Muslims. This might involve highlighting the positive contributions of Muslims to society, emphasizing shared values and goals, and debunking stereotypes and misconceptions. The campaign would aim to shift the perceived outcomes of engaging with Muslims from negative to positive, and to increase the perceived value of diversity and inclusion.

If you used the symbolic approach, you would focus on changing the symbolic meanings and associations attached to Muslims and Islam. This might involve using symbols and imagery to evoke positive emotions and associations, highlighting the common humanity and shared experiences of Muslims, and challenging the use of negative symbols and rhetoric in the media and public discourse. The campaign would aim to shift the symbolic meanings of Muslims from being associated with fear and threat to being associated with empathy and understanding.

If you used the ideological approach, you would focus on changing the underlying beliefs and values that drive anti-Muslim sentiments. This might involve addressing the political, social, and cultural factors that contribute to Islamophobia, promoting critical thinking and media literacy, and advocating for policies and practices that promote equality and justice for Muslims. The campaign would aim to challenge and change the ideological foundations of anti-Muslim sentiments, and to promote a more inclusive and equitable society.

In summary, the approach to addressing anti-Muslim sentiments would differ based on whether you used the expectancy-value, symbolic, or ideological approach, with each approach targeting different aspects of attitudes and beliefs towards Muslims.