Question 1

People in India have been found to be less likely to attribute causes of actions to

Accepted Answer

A)  personality characteristics. 
B)  situations. 
C)  chance. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  personality characteristics. 
B)  situations. 
C)  chance. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 2

It has been found that, among defensive pessimists

Accepted Answer

A)  expectations for GPA strongly predict actual GPA. 
B)  academic self-discrepancies negatively influence performance. 
C)  negativity of plans negatively predict performance. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  none of the above. 
A)  expectations for GPA strongly predict actual GPA. 
B)  academic self-discrepancies negatively influence performance. 
C)  negativity of plans negatively predict performance. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  none of the above.

Question 3

Personality development is uninfluenced by social context.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The effects of strategies such as optimism and defensive pessimism are most apparent

Accepted Answer

A)  during periods of relaxation. 
B)  during life transitions. 
C)  during middle adulthood. 
D)  during later adulthood. 
A)  during periods of relaxation. 
B)  during life transitions. 
C)  during middle adulthood. 
D)  during later adulthood.

Question 5

Optimists and defensive pessimists differ

Accepted Answer

A)  in their levels of achievement. 
B)  in their strategies for achievement. 
C)  in their expectations. 
D)  b and c. 
A)  in their levels of achievement. 
B)  in their strategies for achievement. 
C)  in their expectations. 
D)  b and c.

Question 6

The historical setting in which one grows up can influence the relation between personality factors and life outcomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Defensive pessimists obtain poor grades in school.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

People who strategically use negative thinking to motivate themselves are called

Accepted Answer

A)  highly motivated people. 
B)  neurotics. 
C)  defensive pessimists. 
D)  high in rejection sensitivity. 
A)  highly motivated people. 
B)  neurotics. 
C)  defensive pessimists. 
D)  high in rejection sensitivity.

Question 9

The self concept is the same in all parts of the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The quote from Clifford Geertz suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  personality influences culture. 
B)  culture influences personality. 
C)  culture is unimportant to personality. 
D)  there is no such thing as human nature without culture. 
A)  personality influences culture. 
B)  culture influences personality. 
C)  culture is unimportant to personality. 
D)  there is no such thing as human nature without culture.

Question 11

Suppose you were designing an intervention to promote environmental conservation. What would you do (applying the principles discussed in Chapter 14)?

Accepted Answer

To design an intervention to promote env

Question 12

Research by Ayduk et al. demonstrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  goals. 
B)  schemas. 
C)  attentional focus. 
D)  expectations. 
A)  goals. 
B)  schemas. 
C)  attentional focus. 
D)  expectations.

Question 13

Work by Andersen on transference reveals that

Accepted Answer

A)  transference is a myth. 
B)  psychoanalytic concepts are of no value to contemporary researchers. 
C)  social cognitive theory and psychoanalysis are unrelated. 
D)  social cognitive analyses can illuminate phenomena originally of interest to psychoanalysts. 
A)  transference is a myth. 
B)  psychoanalytic concepts are of no value to contemporary researchers. 
C)  social cognitive theory and psychoanalysis are unrelated. 
D)  social cognitive analyses can illuminate phenomena originally of interest to psychoanalysts.

Question 14

Optimism and defensive pessimism

Accepted Answer

A)  are not personality variables. 
B)  are global, decontextualized personality variables. 
C)  are contextualized personality variables. 
D)  none of the above. 
A)  are not personality variables. 
B)  are global, decontextualized personality variables. 
C)  are contextualized personality variables. 
D)  none of the above.

Question 15

Research by Ayduk et al. demonstrates that people can control their emotions regarding interpersonal relationships by

Accepted Answer

A)  focusing on hot aspects of the relationship. 
B)  focusing on cool aspects of the relationship. 
C)  focusing on their level of rejection sensitivity. 
D)  focusing on their internal feelings of anger. 
A)  focusing on hot aspects of the relationship. 
B)  focusing on cool aspects of the relationship. 
C)  focusing on their level of rejection sensitivity. 
D)  focusing on their internal feelings of anger.

Question 16

Research based on the KAPA model of personality architecture demonstrates that people have consistently high self-efficacy appraisal across situations

Accepted Answer

A)  linked to negative self-schemas. 
B)  linked to positive self-schemas. 
C)  linked to generic positive traits. 
D)  linked to generic negative traits. 
A)  linked to negative self-schemas. 
B)  linked to positive self-schemas. 
C)  linked to generic positive traits. 
D)  linked to generic negative traits.

Question 17

In recent years, personality psychologists have focused on personality factors in

Accepted Answer

A)  laboratory settings. 
B)  stimulus-response situations. 
C)  psychoanalytic encounters. 
D)  close relationships. 
A)  laboratory settings. 
B)  stimulus-response situations. 
C)  psychoanalytic encounters. 
D)  close relationships.

Question 18

Are all personality variables global, or context-free? What are some examples of contextualized personality variables?

Accepted Answer

Personality variables are not all global

Question 19

Andersen's research on transference is based on a(n) ___________ strategy.

Accepted Answer

A)  case study 
B)  experimental 
C)  correlational 
D)  none of the above 
A)  case study 
B)  experimental 
C)  correlational 
D)  none of the above

Question 20

The text suggests that issues of culture

Accepted Answer

A)  of only small important to the study of personality. 
B)  are of central importance to the study of personality. 
C)  can be studied adequately by importing US research methods to other cultures. 
D)  none of the above. 
A)  of only small important to the study of personality. 
B)  are of central importance to the study of personality. 
C)  can be studied adequately by importing US research methods to other cultures. 
D)  none of the above.

People in India have been found to be less likely to attribute causes of actions to

It has been found that, among defensive pessimists

Personality development is uninfluenced by social context.

The effects of strategies such as optimism and defensive pessimism are most apparent

Optimists and defensive pessimists differ

The historical setting in which one grows up can influence the relation between personality factors and life outcomes.

Defensive pessimists obtain poor grades in school.

People who strategically use negative thinking to motivate themselves are called

The self concept is the same in all parts of the world.

The quote from Clifford Geertz suggests that

Suppose you were designing an intervention to promote environmental conservation. What would you do (applying the principles discussed in Chapter 14)?

Research by Ayduk et al. demonstrates the importance of

Work by Andersen on transference reveals that

Optimism and defensive pessimism

Research by Ayduk et al. demonstrates that people can control their emotions regarding interpersonal relationships by

Research based on the KAPA model of personality architecture demonstrates that people have consistently high self-efficacy appraisal across situations

In recent years, personality psychologists have focused on personality factors in

Are all personality variables global, or context-free? What are some examples of contextualized personality variables?

Andersen's research on transference is based on a(n) ___________ strategy.

The text suggests that issues of culture

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Biological Foundations of Personality

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Social-Cognitive Theory: Extensions, Applications, and Evaluation

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

Filters

Exam 14: Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

People in India have been found to be less likely to attribute causes of actions to

It has been found that, among defensive pessimists

Personality development is uninfluenced by social context.

The effects of strategies such as optimism and defensive pessimism are most apparent

Optimists and defensive pessimists differ

The historical setting in which one grows up can influence the relation between personality factors and life outcomes.

Defensive pessimists obtain poor grades in school.

People who strategically use negative thinking to motivate themselves are called

The self concept is the same in all parts of the world.

The quote from Clifford Geertz suggests that

Suppose you were designing an intervention to promote environmental conservation. What would you do (applying the principles discussed in Chapter 14)?

Research by Ayduk et al. demonstrates the importance of

Work by Andersen on transference reveals that

Optimism and defensive pessimism

Research by Ayduk et al. demonstrates that people can control their emotions regarding interpersonal relationships by

Research based on the KAPA model of personality architecture demonstrates that people have consistently high self-efficacy appraisal across situations

In recent years, personality psychologists have focused on personality factors in

Are all personality variables global, or context-free? What are some examples of contextualized personality variables?

Andersen's research on transference is based on a(n) ___________ strategy.

The text suggests that issues of culture

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Biological Foundations of Personality

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Social-Cognitive Theory: Extensions, Applications, and Evaluation

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

Filters