Exam 1: Introduction: Principles of Psychology

John Locke's idea of tabula rasa

Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and _______.

A quarter in your hand casts a different image on your retina than a quarter taped to the wall across the room, yet you know that the quarters have exactly the same dimensions. This phenomenon would be best explained by a

Refer to the figure below. When he is in a casino, Albert is unable to control himself. He does not stop gambling until all of his money is gone. The _______ lobe of Albert's brain is most likely to be affecting this behavior.

John Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B. F. Skinner would have agreed that psychology is the study of

Psychological research has proven that many long-held, popular beliefs about psychology are untrue. Psychology as a science has been able to accomplish this by emphasizing

Your sister is very shy. An empiricist philosopher would say that her shyness is due to

An important principle to remember when studying psychology is that

The _______ school of psychology uses introspection to analyze conscious experience.

_______ psychology is the study of internal mental processes, specifically how we acquire and process information and gain knowledge.

A _______ would be most likely to argue that a 13-year-old boy took up smoking because his father, older brothers, and friends were smokers.

In a psychology experiment, subjects listen to a variety of tones presented at different frequencies and then reflect on the experience, describing what they heard as precisely as possible. These individuals would have been using a process called

A behaviorist would be least concerned with

The discipline of psychology can most accurately be defined as the study of

In the late 1800s, a student of Edward Titchener would likely have been trained to

Of the following, who is best described as a structuralist?

Refer to the graphs below. Researchers wanted to determine if ideas about race affect our visual perception. In an experiment, white college students were asked to look at a screen with images of objects that were either crime-relevant (e.g., a handgun) or crime-irrelevant (e.g., a book). For each object, the first image was so blurry it was unrecognizable. The image became progressively clearer across 40 different frames until the students were able to correctly identify it. Before they began the task, they were shown a photo for 50 milliseconds. The photo was of a black face, a white face, or an abstract line drawing. These "flashes" were subliminal images, meaning that the students were not aware of having seen them. Researchers wanted to find out whether seeing a black or white face, even without being aware of it, influenced the students' ability to identify the objects. -A hallmark of psychology as a science is critical thinking. What is a valid criticism of this perception experiment?

On which of the following points would Plato and Descartes likely have agreed?

Much of the information about psychology portrayed in the popular media is

A psychologist coming from the _______ perspective might be interested in studying the practical reasons why humans have developed abstract reasoning abilities.