Exam 5: Class, Status, and Party

From "Sex, Race, and Ethnic Inequality in the United States Workplaces" by Barbara F. Reskin and Irene Padavic Reskin and Padavic discuss trends in: A) occupational distribution, and B) income attainment, by race and sex in the American workplace. They depict an opportunity structure that continues to disadvantage others than white males, although the disadvantage is probably less in recent decades than before. They emphasize the role of occupational segregation as causally important for trends and place it within class "suppy-" and "structural/demand-" side dynamics that generate inequities. -Characterize "suppy" and "structural discrimination" explanations for inequality and how they work.

"Toward a New Vision: Race, Class, and Gender as Categories of Analysis and Connection" by Patricia Hill Collins Collins advocates a new vision of how race, class, and gender operate to structure inequality in daily life. Rather than focusing on their additive effects, she advances a perspective in which they are seen as interlocking, with each having roots in experiences with institutions, interactions, and the symbolic governing of daily life. -What does Collins mean when saying "additive" effects of race, class, and gender are unable to explain patterns of domination and subordination?

"Toward a New Vision: Race, Class, and Gender as Categories of Analysis and Connection" by Patricia Hill Collins Collins advocates a new vision of how race, class, and gender operate to structure inequality in daily life. Rather than focusing on their additive effects, she advances a perspective in which they are seen as interlocking, with each having roots in experiences with institutions, interactions, and the symbolic governing of daily life. -Discuss Collins' notion that institutions constitute a dimension of oppression.

"Toward a New Vision: Race, Class, and Gender as Categories of Analysis and Connection" by Patricia Hill Collins Collins advocates a new vision of how race, class, and gender operate to structure inequality in daily life. Rather than focusing on their additive effects, she advances a perspective in which they are seen as interlocking, with each having roots in experiences with institutions, interactions, and the symbolic governing of daily life. -Collins believes that domination is a product of race, class, and gender as interlocking and mutually reinforcing dynamics.

"Intersectionality" by Irene Browne and Joya Misra Browne and Misra present a systematic analysis of "intersectionality," which focuses on gender, race, and class as mutually reinforcing forms of oppression and stratification. Significantly, while there is considerable variation in intersectionality approaches, common to them is the notion that each of the intersecting bases operates on each other, so that they cannot be analyzed separately. Developed primarily out of black feminist research, intersectionality research maintains that individual stratification experiences are simultaneously affected by all competing bases. -What categorizes the "anti-categorical," "single group," and "group comparison" approaches to studying intersectionality?

From "Sex, Race, and Ethnic Inequality in the United States Workplaces" by Barbara F. Reskin and Irene Padavic Reskin and Padavic discuss trends in: A) occupational distribution, and B) income attainment, by race and sex in the American workplace. They depict an opportunity structure that continues to disadvantage others than white males, although the disadvantage is probably less in recent decades than before. They emphasize the role of occupational segregation as causally important for trends and place it within class "suppy-" and "structural/demand-" side dynamics that generate inequities. -Which of the following is a an important job characteristic that white males enjoy over other race/sex groups:

From Flat Broke with Children by Sharon Hays Hays considers the roots and consequences of welfare reform which was implemented in the mid-1990s. Particularly noteworthy is that she discusses its implications in terms of attempts to institutionalize core American values such as family responsibility, economic frugality, and individual initiative as well as its concrete implications for enhancing economic opportunities. Her view is largely negative: welfare reform has failed along these lines. -According to Hays, welfare reform has been effective in:

"Intersectionality" by Irene Browne and Joya Misra Browne and Misra present a systematic analysis of "intersectionality," which focuses on gender, race, and class as mutually reinforcing forms of oppression and stratification. Significantly, while there is considerable variation in intersectionality approaches, common to them is the notion that each of the intersecting bases operates on each other, so that they cannot be analyzed separately. Developed primarily out of black feminist research, intersectionality research maintains that individual stratification experiences are simultaneously affected by all competing bases. -Which of the following is not a widely recognized basis in intersectionality research?