Question 1

Intrinsic motivation, when compared to extrinsic motivation, leads to higher levels of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Performance 
B)  Aggression 
C)  Social loafing 
D)  Stress 
A)  Performance 
B)  Aggression 
C)  Social loafing 
D)  Stress A

Question 2

If increasing self-efficacy is important for increasing performance, should coaches ever be critical of their players? (Is there a limit to increasing an athlete's self-efficacy?)

Accepted Answer

Increasing self-efficacy is indeed important for increasing performance, as individuals who believe in their own abilities are more likely to put forth effort and persist in the face of challenges. However, this does not mean that coaches should never be critical of their players. Constructive criticism can be an important tool for helping athletes identify areas for improvement and develop their skills.

That being said, there is a limit to how much self-efficacy can be increased. It is important for coaches to strike a balance between providing constructive criticism and building their athletes' confidence. Constantly criticizing or undermining a player's confidence can have a negative impact on their self-efficacy and ultimately their performance. Coaches should aim to provide feedback in a way that challenges their athletes to improve while also reinforcing their belief in their abilities. This can help create a supportive and empowering environment that fosters both self-efficacy and performance.

Question 3

The need achievement theory would predict that an athlete who is a low achiever will seek out what type of situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A situation in which there is either a high or very low likelihood of success 
B)  A situation in which there is about a 50-50 chance of success 
C)  A moderately challenging situation 
D)  A situation in which the other competitors are at about their same level 
A)  A situation in which there is either a high or very low likelihood of success 
B)  A situation in which there is about a 50-50 chance of success 
C)  A moderately challenging situation 
D)  A situation in which the other competitors are at about their same level A

Question 4

Why do youth sports involve modifications of rules or equipment?

Accepted Answer

A)  In order to allow for successful experiences 
B)  To create a performance goal oriented environment 
C)  To deter social loafing 
D)  All of the above 
A)  In order to allow for successful experiences 
B)  To create a performance goal oriented environment 
C)  To deter social loafing 
D)  All of the above

Question 5

In the study by Amorose & Horn (2000), what was discovered about students who were on athletic scholarships?

Accepted Answer

A)  All of the above 
B)  Athletes on scholarship reported higher levels of intrinsic motivation 
C)  Athletes who see their coach as less controlling show a positive relationship between scholarship status and perceived competence 
D)  Athletes with coaches who used positive feedback and emphasized training showed higher levels of intrinsic motivation that athletes with coaches who used other styles 
A)  All of the above 
B)  Athletes on scholarship reported higher levels of intrinsic motivation 
C)  Athletes who see their coach as less controlling show a positive relationship between scholarship status and perceived competence 
D)  Athletes with coaches who used positive feedback and emphasized training showed higher levels of intrinsic motivation that athletes with coaches who used other styles

Question 6

Athletes who are mastery goal orientated tend to show more sportsmanship than those who are performance goal oriented.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Why is the link between motivation-performance likely to be bi-directional? Give an example to demonstrate your answer.

Accepted Answer

The link between motivation and performa

Question 8

Why do some social settings produce social loafing while others are motivating?

Accepted Answer

Social loafing occurs when individuals i

Question 9

What could a coach do in order to create a mastery-focused environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  All of the above 
B)  Value each athlete's role 
C)  Emphasize working hard 
D)  Emphasize showing improvement over time 
A)  All of the above 
B)  Value each athlete's role 
C)  Emphasize working hard 
D)  Emphasize showing improvement over time

Question 10

Social approval goal orientation may lead to higher performance levels when working with a team, rather than individually.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Do differences in testosterone explain all the difference between men and women in competitiveness? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

No, differences in testosterone do not e

Question 12

An athlete who participates in self-handicapping is likely to have low self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In Impact on Youth, researchers surveyed boys aged 12 to 15, and asked about the motivational climate of their team, as well as their own self-esteem. What was the researchers' conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Environments created by teammates, coaches, and parents have an impact on children's athletic experience 
B)  The motivational climate was strongly correlated with the skills levels of the players 
C)  There was no difference in the reported self-esteem between boys playing in a mastery-focused environment and those playing in a performance-focused environment 
D)  The environments created by the coaches and other players affected only the perceived confidence of the players, but not their levels of enjoyment. 
A)  Environments created by teammates, coaches, and parents have an impact on children's athletic experience 
B)  The motivational climate was strongly correlated with the skills levels of the players 
C)  There was no difference in the reported self-esteem between boys playing in a mastery-focused environment and those playing in a performance-focused environment 
D)  The environments created by the coaches and other players affected only the perceived confidence of the players, but not their levels of enjoyment.

Question 14

The type of environment created by the coach has little impact on the motivations of the athletes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

If a swimmer is participating in social loafing, what can be expected when he or she is participating in a 4-person relay, and the swimmer is in the first position?

Accepted Answer

A)  He or she will swim slower that he or she would if in an individual race 
B)  He or she will swim faster than the rest of their teammates, although slower than he or she would in an individual race 
C)  He or she will swim at the same rate as during an individual race 
D)  He or she will swim slower than their teammates, but faster than he or she would during an individual race 
A)  He or she will swim slower that he or she would if in an individual race 
B)  He or she will swim faster than the rest of their teammates, although slower than he or she would in an individual race 
C)  He or she will swim at the same rate as during an individual race 
D)  He or she will swim slower than their teammates, but faster than he or she would during an individual race

Question 16

Why is it important to create different types of environments for different people?

Accepted Answer

A)  People are motivated by different things 
B)  People become bored easily 
C)  People expect choices 
D)  None of the above 
A)  People are motivated by different things 
B)  People become bored easily 
C)  People expect choices 
D)  None of the above

Question 17

Cognitive efficiency, physical skills/training, and resilience are all parts of which model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sport-confidence model 
B)  Model of self-efficacy 
C)  Model of need achievement theory 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Sport-confidence model 
B)  Model of self-efficacy 
C)  Model of need achievement theory 
D)  None of the above

Question 18

If an athlete is high on confidence (according to the sport-confidence model), what would happen during a competition if the athlete made a mistake?

Accepted Answer

A)  The athlete would bounce back from the mistake and perform well 
B)  The athlete would focus on the mistake, performing poorly, but training harder after the competition 
C)  The athlete would focus of outperforming their opponents 
D)  The athlete would give up and experience burnout within the next few months 
A)  The athlete would bounce back from the mistake and perform well 
B)  The athlete would focus on the mistake, performing poorly, but training harder after the competition 
C)  The athlete would focus of outperforming their opponents 
D)  The athlete would give up and experience burnout within the next few months

Question 19

Someone who is task (or mastery) goal oriented will most likely do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Choose a challenging task 
B)  Compete against opponents they can easily defeat 
C)  Feel high levels of pressure and tension 
D)  Engage in self-handicapping 
A)  Choose a challenging task 
B)  Compete against opponents they can easily defeat 
C)  Feel high levels of pressure and tension 
D)  Engage in self-handicapping

Question 20

Individual control helps increase motivation by giving players more of a personal stake in decision-making.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Intrinsic motivation, when compared to extrinsic motivation, leads to higher levels of:

If increasing self-efficacy is important for increasing performance, should coaches ever be critical of their players? (Is there a limit to increasing an athlete's self-efficacy?)

The need achievement theory would predict that an athlete who is a low achiever will seek out what type of situation?

Why do youth sports involve modifications of rules or equipment?

In the study by Amorose & Horn (2000), what was discovered about students who were on athletic scholarships?

Athletes who are mastery goal orientated tend to show more sportsmanship than those who are performance goal oriented.

Why is the link between motivation-performance likely to be bi-directional? Give an example to demonstrate your answer.

Why do some social settings produce social loafing while others are motivating?

What could a coach do in order to create a mastery-focused environment?

Social approval goal orientation may lead to higher performance levels when working with a team, rather than individually.

Do differences in testosterone explain all the difference between men and women in competitiveness? Why or why not?

An athlete who participates in self-handicapping is likely to have low self-esteem.

In Impact on Youth, researchers surveyed boys aged 12 to 15, and asked about the motivational climate of their team, as well as their own self-esteem. What was the researchers' conclusion?

The type of environment created by the coach has little impact on the motivations of the athletes.

If a swimmer is participating in social loafing, what can be expected when he or she is participating in a 4-person relay, and the swimmer is in the first position?

Why is it important to create different types of environments for different people?

Cognitive efficiency, physical skills/training, and resilience are all parts of which model?

If an athlete is high on confidence (according to the sport-confidence model), what would happen during a competition if the athlete made a mistake?

Someone who is task (or mastery) goal oriented will most likely do which of the following?

Individual control helps increase motivation by giving players more of a personal stake in decision-making.

Introduction and Research Methods

Personality

Attribution and Cognition

Goal Setting

Arousal and Anxiety

Psychological Skills Training

Aggression

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Team Cohesion

Leadership

Common Issues: Injury and Burnout

Unhealthy Behaviors: Drug Abuse and Disordered Eating

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Exam 4: Motivation

Intrinsic motivation, when compared to extrinsic motivation, leads to higher levels of:

If increasing self-efficacy is important for increasing performance, should coaches ever be critical of their players? (Is there a limit to increasing an athlete's self-efficacy?)

The need achievement theory would predict that an athlete who is a low achiever will seek out what type of situation?

Why do youth sports involve modifications of rules or equipment?

In the study by Amorose & Horn (2000), what was discovered about students who were on athletic scholarships?

Athletes who are mastery goal orientated tend to show more sportsmanship than those who are performance goal oriented.

Why is the link between motivation-performance likely to be bi-directional? Give an example to demonstrate your answer.

Why do some social settings produce social loafing while others are motivating?

What could a coach do in order to create a mastery-focused environment?

Social approval goal orientation may lead to higher performance levels when working with a team, rather than individually.

Do differences in testosterone explain all the difference between men and women in competitiveness? Why or why not?

An athlete who participates in self-handicapping is likely to have low self-esteem.

In Impact on Youth, researchers surveyed boys aged 12 to 15, and asked about the motivational climate of their team, as well as their own self-esteem. What was the researchers' conclusion?

The type of environment created by the coach has little impact on the motivations of the athletes.

If a swimmer is participating in social loafing, what can be expected when he or she is participating in a 4-person relay, and the swimmer is in the first position?

Why is it important to create different types of environments for different people?

Cognitive efficiency, physical skills/training, and resilience are all parts of which model?

If an athlete is high on confidence (according to the sport-confidence model), what would happen during a competition if the athlete made a mistake?

Someone who is task (or mastery) goal oriented will most likely do which of the following?

Individual control helps increase motivation by giving players more of a personal stake in decision-making.

Introduction and Research Methods

Personality

Attribution and Cognition

Goal Setting

Arousal and Anxiety

Psychological Skills Training

Aggression

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Team Cohesion

Leadership

Common Issues: Injury and Burnout

Unhealthy Behaviors: Drug Abuse and Disordered Eating

Filters