Exam 3: Attribution and Cognition
The tendency for goalies to move during penalty kicks, and ________________, are examples of how athletes and those involved in athletics tend to prefer to act, even when the action may not lead to a better outcome.
A
Which of the following influences the types of attributions people make?
A
Describe how an individual with an optimistic explanatory style would explain a team's victory. What about a team's defeat?
An individual with an optimistic explanatory style would likely explain a team's victory by attributing it to the team's hard work, determination, and skill. They may emphasize the positive attitudes and teamwork of the players, as well as the effective strategies and coaching that led to the win. They would likely see the victory as a result of the team's abilities and efforts, and believe that similar successes can be achieved in the future.
On the other hand, when explaining a team's defeat, someone with an optimistic explanatory style would likely focus on external factors rather than internal shortcomings. They may attribute the loss to bad luck, tough competition, or other circumstances beyond the team's control. They would likely emphasize the potential for learning and growth from the defeat, and believe that the team can bounce back and achieve success in the future with the right adjustments and continued effort. Overall, an individual with an optimistic explanatory style would tend to see both victory and defeat as temporary setbacks and opportunities for improvement.
Which of the following is an external factor that could influence the outcome of an athletic performance?
Which of the following athletes is MOST LIKELY to have their success attributed to athletic ability?
Attribution theory describes how people explain their successes and failures based on locus of causality and:
White athletes tend to show a more optimistic attribution style than do athletes of color.
If it is true that people tend to feel worse about negative outcomes if they did not act, which of the following should be true?
Which of the following helps improve athletes' expectations for future success, leads to more positive emotions, and increases persistence on skill-building tasks?
Blaming the officiating for your team's loss would be attributing failure to _________ factors.
During a basketball game, calling a time-out after the opposing team has scored several points is a way to disrupt the "hot hand effect".
An athlete with an optimistic explanatory style would explain good events as:
Athletes expect to be able to perform well in the future if they make __________, stable, and ___________ attributions for successful outcomes.
An athlete with a negative explanatory style would explain bad events as:
Which of the following is NOT included in the four dimensional model of attribution theory?
People's expectations for their performance do not influence how they feel and the attributions they make.
Which of the following athletes is MOST LIKELY to attribute their own success to the expectation of others and rigorous training?
People feel worse about a negative outcome if they did not act, rather than if they chose to act.
An athlete who feels that their success and failures are out of their control, making their efforts useless, is experiencing:
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