Question 1

Research on children's category awareness shows that they first accurately differenti- ate between

Accepted Answer

A)  women and men. 
B)  Black people and White people. 
C)  White people and all other ethnic groups. 
D)  older people and younger people. 
A)  women and men. 
B)  Black people and White people. 
C)  White people and all other ethnic groups. 
D)  older people and younger people. A

Question 2

According to John Duckitt's analysis, children who are socialized to have-------------------as a primary motive tend to develop right-wing authoritarian attitudes.

Accepted Answer

A)  security 
B)  personal freedom 
C)  superiority over others 
D)  concern for others 
A)  security 
B)  personal freedom 
C)  superiority over others 
D)  concern for others A

Question 3

Research on anti-transgender prejudice in children and adolescents has found that

Accepted Answer

A)  young children have relatively neutral attitudes toward transgender peers. 
B)  young children like same-gender peers better than other-gender peers regardless of whether the peer is cis- or transgender. 
C)  attitudes toward transgender peers become more negative in adolescence. 
D)  all of the above are true. 
A)  young children have relatively neutral attitudes toward transgender peers. 
B)  young children like same-gender peers better than other-gender peers regardless of whether the peer is cis- or transgender. 
C)  attitudes toward transgender peers become more negative in adolescence. 
D)  all of the above are true. D

Question 4

Which of the following techniques is used to investigate whether infants can dis- criminate between pictures that vary on the basis of gender, age, or race?

Accepted Answer

A)  Centration technique 
B)  Doll technique 
C)  Habituation paradigm 
D)  Sociometric paradigm 
A)  Centration technique 
B)  Doll technique 
C)  Habituation paradigm 
D)  Sociometric paradigm

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the development of prejudice in majority group children is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Majority group children show a consistently high level of prejudice from early childhood through adolescence. 
B)  Majority group children show little prejudice at ages 2 to 4, an increase in preju- dice until about age 7, and a decrease in prejudice after that. 
C) is true, but only for majority group children who have had more con- tact with members of minority groups. 
D)  is true, but only for majority group children who have had little contact with members of minority groups. 
A)  Majority group children show a consistently high level of prejudice from early childhood through adolescence. 
B)  Majority group children show little prejudice at ages 2 to 4, an increase in preju- dice until about age 7, and a decrease in prejudice after that. 
C) is true, but only for majority group children who have had more con- tact with members of minority groups. 
D)  is true, but only for majority group children who have had little contact with members of minority groups.

Question 6

Which factor most likely accounts for the reduction in other-gender prejudice that appears around high school age?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heterosexual interest 
B)  Anti-bias education 
C)  Exposure to role models who do not exhibit this prejudice 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Heterosexual interest 
B)  Anti-bias education 
C)  Exposure to role models who do not exhibit this prejudice 
D)  All of the above

Question 7

Describe three factors that influence the development of rules that children learn for categorizing people into social groups.

Accepted Answer

1. Socialization: Children learn the rul

Question 8

Reasons that White American parents give for not discussing issues of race and eth- nicity with their children include

Accepted Answer

A)  the belief that any discussion of race is inherently biased, so not discussing race is the best way to raise unbiased children. 
B)  the parents' lack awareness of contemporary racial disparities and so do not know what to say to their children. 
C)  the belief that it is not necessary to discuss racial disparities because they do not directly affect their lives. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  the belief that any discussion of race is inherently biased, so not discussing race is the best way to raise unbiased children. 
B)  the parents' lack awareness of contemporary racial disparities and so do not know what to say to their children. 
C)  the belief that it is not necessary to discuss racial disparities because they do not directly affect their lives. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the bullying of gay and transgender youth in high school is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It affects only boys who are perceived to be gay, not girls who are perceived to be lesbian. 
B)  It motivates victims to defy their tormentors, such as by never skipping class to avoid trouble. 
C)  Many victims of anti-gay or anti-transgender bullying believe adults at their schools are prejudiced against sexual and gender minorities or may not provide help. 
D)  Its effects are less severe than those of bullying based on other factors. 
A)  It affects only boys who are perceived to be gay, not girls who are perceived to be lesbian. 
B)  It motivates victims to defy their tormentors, such as by never skipping class to avoid trouble. 
C)  Many victims of anti-gay or anti-transgender bullying believe adults at their schools are prejudiced against sexual and gender minorities or may not provide help. 
D)  Its effects are less severe than those of bullying based on other factors.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a component of multicultural education?

Accepted Answer

A)  Separating cultural issues from the standard curriculum. 
B)  Helping students develop positive attitudes toward outgroups. 
C)  Creating a school culture that promotes equality. 
D)  Using teaching strategies that accommodate different learning styles. 
A)  Separating cultural issues from the standard curriculum. 
B)  Helping students develop positive attitudes toward outgroups. 
C)  Creating a school culture that promotes equality. 
D)  Using teaching strategies that accommodate different learning styles.

Question 11

Topics that minority group parents cover when discussing race and ethnicity with their children include

Accepted Answer

A)  their racial or ethnic heritage and history. 
B)  advice on how to cope with discrimination. 
C)  a need to be cautious in dealing with majority group members because of the risk of discrimination. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  their racial or ethnic heritage and history. 
B)  advice on how to cope with discrimination. 
C)  a need to be cautious in dealing with majority group members because of the risk of discrimination. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about children's intergroup behavior is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Boys show a stronger same-race preference than girls. 
B)  Children are more accepting of discrimination in interpersonal settings (such as friendship choice) than in achievement settings (such as sports teammate choice). 
C)  White children are more likely to list other-race children as friends than are Black children. 
D)  Regardless of race or ethnicity, children reject discrimination until they reach high school, then become more accepting of it. 
A)  Boys show a stronger same-race preference than girls. 
B)  Children are more accepting of discrimination in interpersonal settings (such as friendship choice) than in achievement settings (such as sports teammate choice). 
C)  White children are more likely to list other-race children as friends than are Black children. 
D)  Regardless of race or ethnicity, children reject discrimination until they reach high school, then become more accepting of it.

Question 13

Distinguish between multicultural education and anti-bias education. Describe an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Multicultural education and anti-bias ed

Question 14

Briefly describe Duckitt's models of the development of authoritarianism and social dominance orientation.

Accepted Answer

Duckitt's models of the development of a

Question 15

One explanation why desegregation has not uniformly improved intergroup relations is that

Accepted Answer

A)  schools can be integrated, but not desegregated. 
B)  schools can be officially desegregated, but internally remain segregated. 
C)  too many students of color are not fluent in English. 
D)  schools in many large cities are too diverse. 
A)  schools can be integrated, but not desegregated. 
B)  schools can be officially desegregated, but internally remain segregated. 
C)  too many students of color are not fluent in English. 
D)  schools in many large cities are too diverse.

Question 16

Crystal hears her friends use the expression "that's so gay" to refer to another person's negative behavior. From that, she concludes that gay people are not viewed positively by her friends. This conclusion is based on

Accepted Answer

A)  direct teaching. 
B)  indirect teaching. 
C)  symbolic modeling. 
D)  vicarious reinforcement. 
A)  direct teaching. 
B)  indirect teaching. 
C)  symbolic modeling. 
D)  vicarious reinforcement.

Question 17

Young children are most likely to base their gender-related judgments on another person's

Accepted Answer

A)  biological sex. 
B)  socially defined gender role. 
C)  gender constancy. 
D)  observed behaviors. 
A)  biological sex. 
B)  socially defined gender role. 
C)  gender constancy. 
D)  observed behaviors.

Question 18

Explain how researchers assess infants' awareness of social categories. List two social categories that infants are aware of.

Accepted Answer

Researchers assess infants' awareness of

Question 19

Research on the effects of cooperative learning has found that

Accepted Answer

A)  it reduces prejudice and discrimination against children who are members of one's learning team. 
B)  it fosters the development of intergroup friendships. 
C)  its effects do not generalize to attitudes toward teammates' racial/ethnic groups as a whole. 
D)  all of the above are correct. 
A)  it reduces prejudice and discrimination against children who are members of one's learning team. 
B)  it fosters the development of intergroup friendships. 
C)  its effects do not generalize to attitudes toward teammates' racial/ethnic groups as a whole. 
D)  all of the above are correct.

Question 20

Describe one long-term effect of attending a desegregated school.

Accepted Answer

One long-term effect of attending a dese

Research on children's category awareness shows that they first accurately differenti- ate between

According to John Duckitt's analysis, children who are socialized to have-------------------as a primary motive tend to develop right-wing authoritarian attitudes.

Research on anti-transgender prejudice in children and adolescents has found that

Which of the following techniques is used to investigate whether infants can dis- criminate between pictures that vary on the basis of gender, age, or race?

Which of the following statements about the development of prejudice in majority group children is true?

Which factor most likely accounts for the reduction in other-gender prejudice that appears around high school age?

Describe three factors that influence the development of rules that children learn for categorizing people into social groups.

Reasons that White American parents give for not discussing issues of race and eth- nicity with their children include

Which of the following statements about the bullying of gay and transgender youth in high school is true?

Which of the following is not a component of multicultural education?

Topics that minority group parents cover when discussing race and ethnicity with their children include

Which of the following statements about children's intergroup behavior is true?

Distinguish between multicultural education and anti-bias education. Describe an example of each.

Briefly describe Duckitt's models of the development of authoritarianism and social dominance orientation.

One explanation why desegregation has not uniformly improved intergroup relations is that

Crystal hears her friends use the expression "that's so gay" to refer to another person's negative behavior. From that, she concludes that gay people are not viewed positively by her friends. This conclusion is based on

Young children are most likely to base their gender-related judgments on another person's

Explain how researchers assess infants' awareness of social categories. List two social categories that infants are aware of.

Research on the effects of cooperative learning has found that

Describe one long-term effect of attending a desegregated school.

Introducing the Concepts of Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

How Psychologists Study Prejudice and Discrimination

Social Categorization and Stereotypes

Stereotype Activation and Application

Old-Fashioned and Contemporary Forms of Prejudice

Individual Differences and Prejudice

The Social Context of Prejudice

From Prejudice to Discrimination

The Experience of Discrimination

Gender, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation

Age, Ability, and Appearance

Reducing Prejudice and Discrimination

Filters

Exam 7: The Development of Prejudice in Children

Research on children's category awareness shows that they first accurately differenti- ate between

According to John Duckitt's analysis, children who are socialized to have-------------------as a primary motive tend to develop right-wing authoritarian attitudes.

Research on anti-transgender prejudice in children and adolescents has found that

Which of the following techniques is used to investigate whether infants can dis- criminate between pictures that vary on the basis of gender, age, or race?

Which of the following statements about the development of prejudice in majority group children is true?

Which factor most likely accounts for the reduction in other-gender prejudice that appears around high school age?

Describe three factors that influence the development of rules that children learn for categorizing people into social groups.

Reasons that White American parents give for not discussing issues of race and eth- nicity with their children include

Which of the following statements about the bullying of gay and transgender youth in high school is true?

Which of the following is not a component of multicultural education?

Topics that minority group parents cover when discussing race and ethnicity with their children include

Which of the following statements about children's intergroup behavior is true?

Distinguish between multicultural education and anti-bias education. Describe an example of each.

Briefly describe Duckitt's models of the development of authoritarianism and social dominance orientation.

One explanation why desegregation has not uniformly improved intergroup relations is that

Crystal hears her friends use the expression "that's so gay" to refer to another person's negative behavior. From that, she concludes that gay people are not viewed positively by her friends. This conclusion is based on

Young children are most likely to base their gender-related judgments on another person's

Explain how researchers assess infants' awareness of social categories. List two social categories that infants are aware of.

Research on the effects of cooperative learning has found that

Describe one long-term effect of attending a desegregated school.

Introducing the Concepts of Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

How Psychologists Study Prejudice and Discrimination

Social Categorization and Stereotypes

Stereotype Activation and Application

Old-Fashioned and Contemporary Forms of Prejudice

Individual Differences and Prejudice

The Social Context of Prejudice

From Prejudice to Discrimination

The Experience of Discrimination

Gender, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation

Age, Ability, and Appearance

Reducing Prejudice and Discrimination

Filters