Exam 3: Comparing Disease Frequencies

Risk difference or rate difference is a general term for which of the following?

The attributable proportion is used when an exposure is considered to be a cause of the disease.

Direct standardization is one method for calculating which type of rates?

A relative measure of comparison is based on the ratio of two measures of which of the following?

Disease frequencies can be compared between different populations or between subgroups within a population.

Which of the following can be calculated when an exposure is thought to protect against the disease?

The attributable proportion among the exposed, a measure of comparison that expresses the public health impact of an exposure as a proportion, is also referred to as which of the following?

To compare disease frequencies, epidemiologists first organize the data into which format?

Which type of measures are the building blocks epidemiologist use to assess the effects of disease on a population?

The attributable proportion among the total population is very useful for determining priorities for public health action.

Which type of comparison gives information about the strength of the relationship between the exposure and disease and is most useful for etiologic research?

If the exposure is considered the cause of disease, which measure can be used to calculate the number of disease cases that would be eliminated if the exposure were eliminated?

Which of the following gives information about the strength of the relationship between the exposure and disease and is most useful for etiologic research?

Age-standardized or age-adjusted rates are examples of which type of rates?

Which of the following represents the numeric value of a relative comparison measure if the exposure prevents disease?

The exposed group can also be referred to as which of the following?

Some epidemiologists feel that which term of absolute comparison should be discarded because it implies a definite causal relationship?

Absolute comparisons generally give information about the public health impact of exposure.

It is difficult to interpret absolute and relative measures based on summary rates when the compared groups differ on a characteristic that affects the rate of disease?

In instances in which no group is clearly unexposed, the group with the greatest exposure is typically used as the reference group.