Exam 4: Career Counseling Without Borders: Moving Beyond Traditional Career Practices of Helping

The systems approach to career counseling addresses situations as a whole, rather than looking at the individual parts of the situation.

Oppression is simply not an ideology or set of beliefs that asserts one group's superiority over another. Nor is it random acts of discrimination or harassment toward members of the subordinate group. It is a system of domination with many interlocking parts.

Multicultural Counseling Competencies (MCCs) are framed around three areas:(a) counselors' awareness of their own cultural values, biases, and assumptions;(b) counselors' understanding of the effect of their world view on clients; and(c) adopting newer culturally appropriate intervention strategies and techniques.

Universal dimensions of existence are the needs that all human beings have regardless of individual or group needs.

Race is a social construct that categorizes individuals based on skin pigmenta- tion and other physical attributes.

Career counselors who operate out of a social justice framework are often referred to as change justice gurus.

In 2010, Jane Goodman, then President of the ACA, commissioned a task force to develop advocacy competencies for the profession.

Match the event(s) to the era. -Diversity

Multicultural counseling is the preparation and practices that integrate multi- cultural and culture-specific awareness, knowledge, and skills into counseling interactions.

Western theories of career development have been identified to be mostly effec- tive with diverse populations because of their attention to cultural and contextual factors.

The demographic shift in the US population means that increasing numbers of diverse clients are entering the workforce, and thus likely to seek career counseling.

Multiculturalism and social justice are "two sides of the same coin."

The MAD model focuses on helping clients apply strategies to become more cultural self- aware.

The Advocacy Competencies consist of four levels of intervention.

The American Counseling Association (ACA) adopted the Advocacy Compe- tencies in 2010 as a response to the growing need for counselors to implement advocacy interventions.

Match the event(s) to the era. -Race

The term "diversity" refers to individual and group differences based on factors such as race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, economic class, religion, spiritual orientation, age, and disability status to a few.

An individual's culture can be made up of both observable and unobservable aspects. Which of the following is an example of an observable aspect of a cli- ent's culture?

Social justice is defined by the chapter as the distribution of advantages and disadvantages within a society.

Observable aspects of culture may include gender role expectations, family structure, communication styles, and orientation to time.