Exam 4: Career Counseling Without Borders: Moving Beyond Traditional Career Practices of Helping

Vespa et al. (2010) agreed that traditional career development theories espoused Western European values. Which of the following did Vespa et al. not cite as a manifestation of these values?

The American Counseling Association (ACA) adopted the Multicultural Com- petencies in 2008 as a response to the growing need for counselors to implement advocacy interventions.

The Multicultural Counseling Competencies (Sue, Arredondo, & McDavis, 1992) are framed around three areas that include the following primary domains:

Match the event(s) to the era. -Ethnicity

Clients who experience conscientizacao, especially those from marginalized groups, begin to realize that many of the career obstacles they experience have to do with how the world is structured.

A school counselor collaborates with local businesses to conduct career work- shops for individuals with disabilities. This is an example of a counselor working in which arena as described in the ACA Advocacy Competencies?

As the population of our clientele becomes ever more diverse, career counselors are realizing that traditional career methods of helping should be standardized so they apply to everyone.

Match the event(s) to the era. -Culture

A key element to multicultural career counseling is to operate without a fixed framework so one is more open throughout the career counseling process.

The Multicultural and Advocacy Dimensions (MAD) model describes the emotional process a counselor and client experience in working through oppression.

The 1960s introduced the concept of multicultural counseling literature, which later prompted the development of which counseling organization?

Match the event(s) to the era. -Multiculturalism

A systems approach to career counseling emphasizes both the parts within a whole system and views the whole system as greater than the sum of its parts.

The career development field has overemphasized "person variables" such as clients' abilities, needs, and interests which has contributed to the lack of

Social justice counseling is mostly a process rather than a goal.