Question 1

Which of the following best describes protein kinases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protein kinases act by transferring a phosphate from a protein to ADP to make ATP. 
B)  Protein kinases act by transfering a phosphate from a donor molecule, like ATP, to a protein molecule, thereby changing its activity 
C)  Protein kinases phosphorylate enzymes and activate them 
D)  Protein kinases phosphorylate key tyrosine residues on receptors 
A)  Protein kinases act by transferring a phosphate from a protein to ADP to make ATP. 
B)  Protein kinases act by transfering a phosphate from a donor molecule, like ATP, to a protein molecule, thereby changing its activity 
C)  Protein kinases phosphorylate enzymes and activate them 
D)  Protein kinases phosphorylate key tyrosine residues on receptors

Question 2

Which of the following compounds does not overlap between several pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetyl-CoA 
B)  Oxaloacetate 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Pyruvate 
E)  Fumarate 
A)  Acetyl-CoA 
B)  Oxaloacetate 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Pyruvate 
E)  Fumarate

Question 3

Most hormones accomplish their activity by direct inclusion in the cell, where they carry out their catalytic function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Overdoses are possible for which of the following vitamins?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamins A, D, and E 
B)  vitamins A, C, and E 
C)  vitamins A, B1, and C 
D)  vitamins A, B1, and B6 
A)  vitamins A, D, and E 
B)  vitamins A, C, and E 
C)  vitamins A, B1, and C 
D)  vitamins A, B1, and B6

Question 5

Amino acid and protein hormones usually act by binding to a receptor on the cell surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is not a potential mechanism to activate protein kinases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cyclic AMP binding to regulatory subunits on the protein kinase. 
B)  Binding of a calcium complex to the protein kinase. 
C)  Binding of inositol phosphate to the protein kinase. 
D)  All three of these mechanisms activate protein kinase. 
A)  Cyclic AMP binding to regulatory subunits on the protein kinase. 
B)  Binding of a calcium complex to the protein kinase. 
C)  Binding of inositol phosphate to the protein kinase. 
D)  All three of these mechanisms activate protein kinase.

Question 7

Intracellular second messengers include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca2+ 
B)  DAG 
C)  cATP 
D)  nitric oxide (NO) 
A)  Ca2+ 
B)  DAG 
C)  cATP 
D)  nitric oxide (NO)

Question 8

Sweets and fats are at the top of the food pyramid, because they are so important in our diet.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Dietary supplements are sometimes indicated for which of the following minerals?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium 
B)  chloride 
C)  potassium 
D)  sodium 
A)  calcium 
B)  chloride 
C)  potassium 
D)  sodium

Question 10

Which of the following link photosynthesis and carbon dioxide fixation?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP:ADP and NADP+:NADPH 
B)  ATP:ADP and NAD+:NADH 
C)  NTP:NDP 
D)  none of these 
A)  ATP:ADP and NADP+:NADPH 
B)  ATP:ADP and NAD+:NADH 
C)  NTP:NDP 
D)  none of these

Question 11

Which of the following produces hormone-releasing factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  anterior pituitary 
C)  posterior pituitary 
D)  adrenal cortex 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  anterior pituitary 
C)  posterior pituitary 
D)  adrenal cortex

Question 12

Regulatory cascades have what advantage over direct action by the signal molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amplification. 
B)  Fine tuning of regulatory effects. 
C)  Coordinated response among multiple systems. 
D)  All of these 
A)  Amplification. 
B)  Fine tuning of regulatory effects. 
C)  Coordinated response among multiple systems. 
D)  All of these

Question 13

Which of the following has opiod effects on the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Met enkephalin 
B)  Leu enkephalin 
C)  beta endorphin 
D)  all of these 
A)  Met enkephalin 
B)  Leu enkephalin 
C)  beta endorphin 
D)  all of these

Question 14

Hormone activity frequently turns metabolic pathways on and off by adding phosphate to or removing it from lipids within the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following cell types does not respond to insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle cells 
B)  adipocytes 
C)  liver cells 
D)  breast tumor cells 
E)  all of these respond to insulin 
A)  muscle cells 
B)  adipocytes 
C)  liver cells 
D)  breast tumor cells 
E)  all of these respond to insulin

Question 16

Which of the following is a lipid soluble vitamin?

Accepted Answer

A)  biotin 
B)  niacin 
C)  folic acid 
D)  vitamin C 
E)  vitamin E 
A)  biotin 
B)  niacin 
C)  folic acid 
D)  vitamin C 
E)  vitamin E

Question 17

Many hormones come in pairs, which have opposing metabolic activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following would stimulate cancer cell growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  lowering insulin levels 
B)  lowering glucose levels 
C)  increasing insulin and glucose in the medium 
D)  none of these 
A)  lowering insulin levels 
B)  lowering glucose levels 
C)  increasing insulin and glucose in the medium 
D)  none of these

Question 19

Which of these hormones regulates the level of glucose in human blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  glucagon 
C)  glucagon and epinephrine 
D)  insulin and glucagon 
E)  insulin, glucagon and epinephrine 
A)  insulin 
B)  glucagon 
C)  glucagon and epinephrine 
D)  insulin and glucagon 
E)  insulin, glucagon and epinephrine

Question 20

Insulin affects which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  GLUT 4 transporter 
B)  Pyruvate dehydrogenase 
C)  Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
D)  Glycogen synthase 
E)  Glycogen synthase and Glycogen phosphorylase
F) all of these 
A)  GLUT 4 transporter 
B)  Pyruvate dehydrogenase 
C)  Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
D)  Glycogen synthase 
E)  Glycogen synthase and Glycogen phosphorylase
F) all of these

Exam 24: Integration of Metabolism: Cellular Signaling

Which of the following best describes protein kinases?

Which of the following compounds does not overlap between several pathways?

Most hormones accomplish their activity by direct inclusion in the cell, where they carry out their catalytic function.

Overdoses are possible for which of the following vitamins?

Amino acid and protein hormones usually act by binding to a receptor on the cell surface.

Which of the following is not a potential mechanism to activate protein kinases?

Intracellular second messengers include all of the following except

Sweets and fats are at the top of the food pyramid, because they are so important in our diet.

Dietary supplements are sometimes indicated for which of the following minerals?

Which of the following link photosynthesis and carbon dioxide fixation?

Which of the following produces hormone-releasing factors?

Regulatory cascades have what advantage over direct action by the signal molecule?

Which of the following has opiod effects on the central nervous system?

Hormone activity frequently turns metabolic pathways on and off by adding phosphate to or removing it from lipids within the cell.

Which of the following cell types does not respond to insulin?

Which of the following is a lipid soluble vitamin?

Many hormones come in pairs, which have opposing metabolic activity.

Which of the following would stimulate cancer cell growth?

Which of these hormones regulates the level of glucose in human blood?

Insulin affects which of the following?

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water: the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes, Mechanisms, and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids: How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids: Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code: Biosynthesis of RNA

Protein Synthesis: Translation of the Genetic Message

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses, Cancer, and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

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