Question 1

Which of the following is a second messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cyclic AMP 
B)  GTP-binding proteins. 
C)  Proteins kinases. 
D)  Phospholipase C. 
E)  All of these can act as second messengers. 
A)  Cyclic AMP 
B)  GTP-binding proteins. 
C)  Proteins kinases. 
D)  Phospholipase C. 
E)  All of these can act as second messengers.

Question 2

Chronic high carbohydrate diets can result in over-release of insulin, which actually causes hypoglycemia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Steroid hormones affect which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate metabolism. 
B)  inflammatory and stress reactions. 
C)  sexual development. 
D)  All of these 
A)  carbohydrate metabolism. 
B)  inflammatory and stress reactions. 
C)  sexual development. 
D)  All of these

Question 4

Which of the following fats are linked with high cholesterol and heart disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  saturated fats 
B)  monounsaturated fats 
C)  polyunsaturated fats 
D)  all fats, regardless of saturation 
A)  saturated fats 
B)  monounsaturated fats 
C)  polyunsaturated fats 
D)  all fats, regardless of saturation

Question 5

Growth hormone imbalance does not lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  acromegaly 
B)  dwarfism 
C)  giantism 
D)  Cushing's syndrome 
A)  acromegaly 
B)  dwarfism 
C)  giantism 
D)  Cushing's syndrome

Question 6

The American Heart Association advocates that 30% or less of our calories should come from fats, but the typical US diet actually exceeds 40% fat.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following vitamins is involved in hydroxylation reactions of collagen

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin A 
B)  Vitamin C 
C)  Vitamin D 
D)  Vitamin E 
E)  none of these 
A)  Vitamin A 
B)  Vitamin C 
C)  Vitamin D 
D)  Vitamin E 
E)  none of these

Question 8

Which of the following is not a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates 
B)  fats 
C)  proteins 
D)  iron 
A)  carbohydrates 
B)  fats 
C)  proteins 
D)  iron

Question 9

Fine tuning of the hormone process is done by such mechanisms as using other hormones to cause the release of the final active hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of these hormones causes elevation of the level of glucose in human blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin 
B)  Glucagon. 
C)  Glucagon and Epinephrine. 
D)  Insulin and Glucagon. 
E)  All of these Hormones elevate the blood glucose levels. 
A)  Insulin 
B)  Glucagon. 
C)  Glucagon and Epinephrine. 
D)  Insulin and Glucagon. 
E)  All of these Hormones elevate the blood glucose levels.

Question 11

Glycogen metabolism is influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorylase kinase 
B)  phosphoprotein phosphatase 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  all of these 
A)  phosphorylase kinase 
B)  phosphoprotein phosphatase 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  all of these

Question 12

Which of the following is not true concerning leptin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a hormone related to obesity 
B)  It stimulates acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
C)  It stimulates fatty acid oxidation 
D)  It is produced by the ob gene 
E)  all of these are true 
A)  It is a hormone related to obesity 
B)  It stimulates acetyl-CoA carboxylase 
C)  It stimulates fatty acid oxidation 
D)  It is produced by the ob gene 
E)  all of these are true

Question 13

Which of the following is true about sleep deprivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes people to lose weight due to increased metabolic activity 
B)  It has no deleterious effects in the long term 
C)  It has been correlated with reduced insulin efficiency 
D)  It causes blood glucose levels to drop 
E)  none of these 
A)  It causes people to lose weight due to increased metabolic activity 
B)  It has no deleterious effects in the long term 
C)  It has been correlated with reduced insulin efficiency 
D)  It causes blood glucose levels to drop 
E)  none of these

Question 14

G proteins act on

Accepted Answer

A)  tyrosine kinases. 
B)  adenylate cyclase. 
C)  insulin receptors. 
D)  steroid hormones. 
A)  tyrosine kinases. 
B)  adenylate cyclase. 
C)  insulin receptors. 
D)  steroid hormones.

Question 15

Which pathway is central to virtually all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis. 
B)  citric acid cycle 
C)  electron transport chain 
D)  photosynthesis 
E)  fatty acid metabolism 
A)  glycolysis. 
B)  citric acid cycle 
C)  electron transport chain 
D)  photosynthesis 
E)  fatty acid metabolism

Question 16

A second messenger is

Accepted Answer

A)  a substance that brings about a desired effect in a cell as a result of a hormone binding to its receptor on the cell surface 
B)  a hormone that acts on a target cell, not one of the releasing factors or trophic hormones that act on specific endocrine glands 
C)  a hormone that affects the DNA of the target cell 
D)  a specialized form of mRNA 
A)  a substance that brings about a desired effect in a cell as a result of a hormone binding to its receptor on the cell surface 
B)  a hormone that acts on a target cell, not one of the releasing factors or trophic hormones that act on specific endocrine glands 
C)  a hormone that affects the DNA of the target cell 
D)  a specialized form of mRNA

Question 17

Which of the following is not a strategy for the regulation of metabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  competing pathways are located in the same organelle 
B)  allosteric enzymes 
C)  feedback inhibition 
D)  covalent modification of enzymes 
E)  all of these are strategies 
A)  competing pathways are located in the same organelle 
B)  allosteric enzymes 
C)  feedback inhibition 
D)  covalent modification of enzymes 
E)  all of these are strategies

Question 18

Which of the following best describes insulin's structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotide 
B)  peptide 
C)  mineral 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  steroid 
A)  nucleotide 
B)  peptide 
C)  mineral 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  steroid

Question 19

In addition to all the other problems, why can a person get fat from overdrinking alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alcohol inhibits carnitine palmitoyltransferase I 
B)  Ethanol is converted to acetate and then to acetyl-CoA which makes lipids 
C)  Ethanol converts carbohydrates into lipids 
D)  none of these 
A)  Alcohol inhibits carnitine palmitoyltransferase I 
B)  Ethanol is converted to acetate and then to acetyl-CoA which makes lipids 
C)  Ethanol converts carbohydrates into lipids 
D)  none of these

Question 20

Which of the following is not a role for hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  maintenance of homeostasis 
B)  mediation of responses to external stimuli 
C)  growth and development 
D)  antioxidants 
A)  maintenance of homeostasis 
B)  mediation of responses to external stimuli 
C)  growth and development 
D)  antioxidants

Exam 24: Integration of Metabolism: Cellular Signaling

Which of the following is a second messenger?

Chronic high carbohydrate diets can result in over-release of insulin, which actually causes hypoglycemia.

Steroid hormones affect which of the following?

Which of the following fats are linked with high cholesterol and heart disease?

Growth hormone imbalance does not lead to

The American Heart Association advocates that 30% or less of our calories should come from fats, but the typical US diet actually exceeds 40% fat.

Which of the following vitamins is involved in hydroxylation reactions of collagen

Which of the following is not a macronutrient?

Fine tuning of the hormone process is done by such mechanisms as using other hormones to cause the release of the final active hormone.

Which of these hormones causes elevation of the level of glucose in human blood?

Glycogen metabolism is influenced by

Which of the following is not true concerning leptin?

Which of the following is true about sleep deprivation?

G proteins act on

Which pathway is central to virtually all living organisms?

A second messenger is

Which of the following is not a strategy for the regulation of metabolic pathways?

Which of the following best describes insulin's structure?

In addition to all the other problems, why can a person get fat from overdrinking alcohol?

Which of the following is not a role for hormones?

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water: the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes, Mechanisms, and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids: How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids: Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code: Biosynthesis of RNA

Protein Synthesis: Translation of the Genetic Message

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses, Cancer, and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

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