Exam 6: Logical Fallaciesii

"No one has proved that the lost continent of Atlantis doesn't exist. Therefore, the lost continent of Atlantis probably does exist." Identify the fallacy that applies to this example.

The following passage illustrates the fallacy of false alternatives: "No one really knows for sure what happens to us when we die. But there is one thing we do know for sure: Either there is life after death or there is no life after death."

It is always inappropriate to appeal to authority.

"It rains a lot in San Diego during summers. I know because I spent two weekends in San Diego last summer, and that time it rained like cats and dogs." Identify the fallacy that applies to this example.

The following argument illustrates the questionable cause fallacy: "Many high school students sleep through the first period. Clearly, many high school students stay up too late studying."

"Either you're with us or you're against us. And if you're against us, then we will bomb you back to the Stone Age. So, you better be with us." Identify the fallacy that applies to this example.

"When I asked Ned, "Are you a mute or just dumb as a stick?" he replied, "You know I ain't mute." I'm glad Ned has the courage to admit he was shortchanged for brains." Identify the fallacy that applies to this example.

"My dentist says that the First Amendment established a strict separation of church and state. My dentist is a highly educated person. So, that is a reasonable way to interpret the First Amendment." This statement illustrates the fallacy of inappropriate appeal to authority. Identify the most relevant reason for the fallacy.

"Every Republican I see on TV is a rich, white guy. Therefore, all Republicans are rich, white guys." Identify the fallacy that applies to this example.

"I know we're looking for 27 Walnut St., but I have looked at every house on this block and none of them is number 27. We must be on the wrong street." Identify the fallacy that applies to this example.