Exam 7: Understanding Natural Selection, Vaccines, and Viral Reproduction

How many worldwide influenza monitioring stations are involved in sending data that are used to develop the next annual influenza vaccine?

Biologists, who study ______, are interested in understanding evolution as process of life.

The cytochrome c protein is sometimes used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species. This is because

The enzyme ______ does not have a high degree of fidelity, and therefore more mutations can be introduced in the genetic material of RNA viruses.

List the two ways in which a new influenza strain could appear.

The process of evolution of the influenza virus that results from the infection of two viruses in the same cell is called Antigenic ______.

______ vaccine creation is similiar to using a chicken egg but requires the used of a mammalian cell to replicate the virus.

If you were observing embryonic structures of a tortoise, a chick, and a human, which of the following would not be a similiar structure?

The most common flu vaccine is called a trivalent vaccine because

During an influenza infection, most of the symptoms felt are caused by the virus destroying the host cells.

The adaptive immune response can remember past exposures to pathogens by holding ______ in reserve.

Which of the following statements explains the relationship between mutations and natural selection?

The influenza vaccine elicits an immune response by presenting the body with

Which of the following structures are associated with the lymphatic system? (Check all that apply.)

During an infection, the immune system alerts the organ systems of the body by producing ______. These are also responsible for the body aches felt during an influenza infection.

Studying theHox gene has shown geneticists that

Antigenic shift

Which of the following disorders are in response to the immune system's inablility to differentiate self from non-self?

When the influenza virus enters into an epithelial cell within the respiratory tract, the infected cell responds by

The influenza proteins that target host cells have a complex, ______ shape.