Exam 15: More Nonparametric Tests

Wilcoxon-Wilcox multiple comparisons test is to Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks T test as

An r_s of .55 based on 13 pairs of observations is, for a two-tailed test,

The Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks T test is most similar to

Which of the following require a paired-samples design?

During the off season, sprinters on the track team were randomly assigned to the bicycle training group or the traditional training group. After the off season, all sprinters ran a 200 meter dash; times are shown below. What can you conclude about bicycle training? Bicycle 21.0 21.5 21.3 20.8 21.2 20.7 20. 21.4 20.9 20.4 Traditional 21.1 21.6 20.6 22.4 21.9 20.5 21.7 22.6 21.8 22.1

The number of independent variables in a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks T test is two.

Which of the four nonparametric tests in your chapter should be used to analyze the data from the following studies? a. Warren Peace gathered data from the parking lots of 12 medium-sized churches. Six were Methodist and six were Baptist. At each lot he calculated the proportion of cars that had expired license plates. b. The military, eager to reduce the anxiety levels of parachutists, developed two new methods of training. To compare the methods, the anxiety scores of the two groups were compared. To control for experience, the two group means for number of jumps was eight, which was achieved by matching trainees on the number of jumps. c. The Minnesota Twins Study (not to be confused with the Minnesota Twins baseball team) is devoted to gathering data on identical twins reared apart. What test would determine the degree of similarity in political attitudes that these people have? d. E. W. Jacobs (1985) studied the effect on family functioning of a six-month absence of the father. (He used Navy families.) Measures of family functioning were taken in January and then again in July.

An I/O (industrial/organizational) psychologist tested consumer reaction to two methods of unit pricing of canned fruit juice. One method provided price per ounce and the other gave price per pound. The consumers filled out a questionnaire in which higher scores represent a more favorable reaction. A different sample of consumers was used for each method. Set $\alpha$ = .05, run a two-tailed test, and determine if the two methods result in different consumer reactions. Price per Ounce Price per Pound 43 46 70 72 25 38 36 84 34 69 55 73 51 65 80 79 76 47 55 26 40 57 20 61

Suppose a researcher found an r_s of .89 between amount of blood cholesterol and the severity of the heart attack. Based on an N of 6 and a two-tailed test, the researcher should conclude

Which nonparametric test should be used to analyze data from the following studies? a. Virgin female rats were injected with blood plasma from nursing mother rats, blood plasma from other virgin female rats or a saline solution. Maternal behavior in response to 5-10 day old rat pups was recorded. (Results: blood plasma from nursing mothers induces maternal behavior.) b. In a classic experiment by Richard Walk, year-old human infants were coaxed to crawl across glass toward their mother, crossing either a shallow (1/2 inch deep) chasm or a deep chasm (3 feet deep). Time to cross was measured first for one side, then the other for 24 infants. c. A researcher was interested in the relationship between weight and dominance among banty roosters. From a barnyard group of 16, both weight and rank in the dominance hierarchy was determined. d. Each participant was asked to talk about "anything you want" for 10 minutes. During the first five minutes, the experimenter recorded the number of plural nouns said. During the next five minutes half the participants were "reinforced" for each plural noun by "uh-huh" or a nod from the experimenter. For the other half there were no reinforcements during the second five minutes. For both groups the dependent variable was the number of plural nouns generated during the second five minutes.

The basic rationale of nonparametric statistics is that an overall ranking of samples

Two nonparametric tests that test for a significant difference between two independent samples are the

The likelihood of retaining the null hypothesis when it is false is most closely associated with

Suppose a researcher found an r_s of .84 between the number of minutes of aerobic exercise and the degree of fitness for seven military inductees. For a two-tailed test, you can conclude that

The null hypothesis for the Mann-Whitney U test is that the

Which nonparametric test should be used to analyze of data from the following studies? a. An experimenter wanted a measure of the relationship between the ranks of students in their high school graduating class and their ranks in their college graduating class. b. Three groups of registered voters (rural residents, urban residents, and suburban residents) completed a questionnaire measuring their attitudes toward the Congress. c. Fifteen male and 15 female assistant professors were ranked according to their salaries to determine whether sex discrimination existed at the university.

The test most similar to a Tukey HSD test is

According to the rationale for nonparametric tests, the null hypothesis says that the sum of the ranks of Population A will be _______ to the sum of the ranks of Population B.

To describe the degree of relationship between two sets of data, use a

Suppose you were calculating a Spearman r_s on 12 pairs. In the difference column there were three zeros. You should