Exam 12: Clusterswhy Do Proximity and Place Matter

_______________ interdependencies and can be accrued through firms co-locating in a cluster aside suppliers, partners, and customers with which they have formal trading relationships.

The theater districts of the London's West End and New York's Broadway offer specific examples of this type of cluster, as do the many retail and entertainment districts of Tokyo (e.g., Shibuya) and Shanghai (e.g., Xin Tian Di).

This form of knowledge can be made tangible through, for example, writing it down or creating a diagram.

Gossip is one example of the numerous mechanisms for transferring tacit knowledge that do not depend on _______________ relationships between two firms.

The continued agglomeration of economic activity in an era of _______________________ seems rather counterintuitive.

Institutional thickness is constituted by which of the following elements:

Weber's approach to location theory has been critiqued because his model:

__________________ interdependencies can be best summarized as the social and cultural bases of economic clusters.

This term describes nearness created through operating within the same legal and institutional frameworks as others (e.g., within the German economy and the EU).

Regions endowed with a beneficially "thick" range of institutions engender ______________ economic cultures and a strong regional capacity for innovation.

Untraded interdependencies are constituted by intangible sets of skills, attitudes, habits, and conventions that become associated with particular forms of ________________ production.

This term is used by some geographers to describe successful territorial ensembles of production and innovation.

Weber derived a basic unit of cost, the ________________, with the locational decision then becoming a search for the point when the total ton-mileage of a given production and distribution process was at a minimum.

______________ economies can be accrued within a firm by producing at larger volumes-i.e., "economies of scale."

Agglomeration economies ______________________ for individual firms locating within a particular cluster.

The ongoing circulation of key personnel is often referred to as staff:

This disparate category of clusters has developed due to the location decisions of government facilities, such as universities, defense industry research establishments, prisons, and government offices.

Transportation costs are further shaped by the distances over which _____________ must be transported.

A positive outcome of institutional thickness will be a regional economy characterized by:

Why is the production of soft drinks and cars more likely to be located closer to markets? Are these manufacturing processes weight-gaining or weight-losing?