Exam 11: Innate and Adaptive Immunity

About 30 minutes following the morning medication pass, the nurse's aide informs the nurse that one of the patients on their team is complaining of "hot sweats." The aide also states that his temperature is now 101.5^°F. Knowing that some medications can cause hyperthermia, the nurse reviews his medications. From the following patient list, which patient is at high risk for developing an elevated temperature?

The medical team is assessing a newly admitted patient who is hypothermic following a night spent lost on a ski slope. The health care professionals would recognize that which of the following phenomena most likely contributed to minimizing the client's heat loss in a cold environment?

A 14-year-old boy is participating in his school's track meet; the outdoor temperature is 99°F, and a teacher has found the boy sitting restless in the shade and disoriented to time. The teacher notes that the student has dry skin in spite of the high temperature and the fact that he has recently completed a running event. The teacher calls for the school nurse, who will recognize which of the following potential diagnoses and anticipated hospital treatments?

A physician is noting the recent vital signs for several patients on an acute medical ward of a hospital. Which of the following hospital patients with noninfectious diagnoses would most likely have a fever?

A nurse is providing care for a 44-year-old male client who is admitted with a diagnosis of fever of unknown origin (FUO). Which of the following characteristics of the client's history is most likely to have a bearing on his current diagnosis?

A health educator is teaching a group of colleagues about the physiology of thermoregulation. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

An 8-year-old boy has fallen through the ice while skating on a frozen pond. By the time paramedics arrive, the boy has been removed from the water by his friends, but his core body temperature is 31.1°C (88.0°F). The responders would recognize that which of the following physiological processes would have been active during the boy's accident?

During surgery, the anesthesia personnel noticed the patient is having a steady rise in his end-tidal carbon dioxide level. At this time, the nurse anesthetist begins to assess the patient for malignant hyperthermia. The initial (priority) assessment for this disorder may include

A 54-year-old man presents with a temperature of 38.8°C (101.8°F), a racing heart, fatigue, and an upset stomach after spending an afternoon building a deck on a very hot, humid day. The physician assessing the man is performing a differential diagnosis as part of her assessment. Which of the following findings would suggest fever rather than hyperthermia as a cause of the elevation in the man's temperature?

A child aged 33 days is presented to the emergency department of a hospital by her parents following a 2-day fever. Her temperature is 38°C (100.4°F) tympanically. Which of the following diagnostic tests is most clearly indicated?

An 88-year-old resident of a long-term care home has been suffering from a 3-day onset of increased shortness of breath and decreased oxygen saturation. At the hospital, an anterior-posterior chest x-ray and sputum culture and sensitivity have confirmed a diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia, yet the client's tympanic temperature has not exceeded 37.3°C (99.2°F). The health care team would recognize that which of the following phenomena likely underlies this situation?

Following a cardiothoracic surgery, where controlled therapeutic hypothermia was utilized to decrease metabolic demands, the nurse responsible for recovering this patient should be assessing for which of the following potential complications to cold cardioplegia?

An agricultural worker is picking fruit on a day when the air temperature is 106°F. Which of the following processes will most likely be occurring while he works?

A 20-year-old female has been brought to the emergency department from a rave party where she collapsed on the dance floor. Her accompanying friends acknowledge that the woman took ecstasy early in the evening. Her heart rate is regular at 89 beats/minute and temperature 39.8°C (103.6°F) orally. The emergency team would recognize that which of the following phenomena, related to the drug, is a likely contributor to the woman's status?

A 38-year-old male client with mild hypothermia following a prolonged hike in the rain is brought to hospital by ambulance. Which of the following sets of vital signs would be the most characteristic of the client's diagnosis?

In the hospital setting, one of the best ways to lower a hyperthermic patient's fever would be to facilitate conduction of heat from the body by

A nurse is providing care for several clients on a neurological unit of a hospital. In which of the following clients would the nurse be justified in predicting a problem with thermoregulation?

An 80-year-old woman is undergoing total hip replacement surgery as treatment for severe osteoarthritis. During the procedure, the patient's core temperature falls to 31.6°C (88.9°F), necessitating interventions to address her hypothermia. The surgical team recognizes that there are likely multiple causes of patient's hypothermia. Which of the following factors would the team be most justified in ruling out as a contributor?

In the ICU setting, a patient transported from surgery following open heart bypass grafting will likely have his core temperature measured by a/an

In the ED, a homeless patient is brought in with severe hypothermia. The police officers also state that they found a "bottle of booze" on the sidewalk next to him. This puts the nurse on high alert since alcohol contributes to hypothermia by