Exam 25: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular System

A hospital client is receiving intravenous infusion of heparin for treatment of a pulmonary embolus. Which of the following phenomena is most likely to occur, resulting in the drug's therapeutic effect?

The school nurse knows several children with hemophilia A. After recess, one student with hemophilia comes to the school nurse complaining of pain in his knee from falling on the playground. The nurse notes there is swelling in the knee and pain on palpation. The nurse should

A 71-year-old male patient with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) has been advised by his family physician to begin taking 81 mg aspirin once daily. Which of the following statements best captures an aspect of the underlying rationale for the physician's suggestion?

Two nursing students are attempting to differentiate between the presentations of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Which of the students' following statements best captures an aspect of the two health problems?

When discussing the sequence of clot dissolution, the science instructor will talk about which item that begins the process?

A 44-year-old female patient presents to the emergency department with abnormal bleeding and abdominal pain that is later attributed to gallbladder disease. Which of the following diagnoses would the medical team be most justified in suspecting as a cause of the patient's bleeding?

A newly diagnosed leukemia patient begins hemorrhaging from every orifice. The physician is concerned that the patient has developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The nurse should anticipate which of the following orders to be prescribed for this patient? Select all that apply.

A hospital laboratory technologist is analyzing the complete blood count (CBC) of a patient. Which of the following statements best reflects an aspect of the platelets that would constitute part of the CBC?

A surgeon is explaining to the parents of a 6-year-old boy the rationale for the suggestion of removing the boy's spleen. Which of the following teaching points would be most accurate?

A medical student is familiarizing herself with recent overnight admissions to an acute medical unit of a university hospital. Which of the following patients would the student recognize as least likely to have a diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome in his or her medical history?

A patient asks the health care provider why his lower legs look purple. The health care provider will base her response on which pathophysiological principle?

Following a course of measles, a 5-year-old girl developed scattered bruising over numerous body surfaces and was diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). As part of her diagnostic workup, blood work was performed. Which of the following results is most likely to be considered unexpected by the health care team?

Which of the following patients would be at risk for developing nonthrombocytopenic purpura? Select all that apply.

A 44-year-old Caucasian woman is being treated in an airport infirmary after she developed a painful, swollen leg during a transatlantic flight in economy class. The woman is suspected of having deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and is questioning the paramedics about why this might be the case, given that she has twice previously had similar experiences. Which of the following teaching points by the airport medical staff would be most appropriate?

Which of the following teaching points would be most appropriate with a client who has a recent diagnosis of von Willebrand disease?

A 36-year-old woman with a diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome is receiving a scheduled checkup from her nurse practitioner. Which of the following teaching points would the nurse most likely prioritize?

While being on subcutaneous heparin injections for deep vein thrombosis during her latter pregnancy, a patient begins to experience major side effects. Her OB-GYN physician has called in a specialist who thinks that the patient is experiencing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. The nurse should anticipate which of the following orders?

A 30-year-old woman who has given birth 12 hours prior is displaying signs and symptoms of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The client's husband is confused as to why a disease of coagulation can result in bleeding. Which of the nurse's following statements best characterizes DIC?

Misinterpreting her physician's instructions, a 69-year-old woman with a history of peripheral artery disease has been taking two 325 mg tablets of aspirin daily. How has this most likely affected her hemostatic status?

In which of the following patients, would diagnostic investigations least likely reveal increased thrombopoietin production?