Exam 29: Structure and Function of the Respiratory System

A patient arrives at the ED complaining of numbness in the left lower leg. Upon assessment, the nurse finds the lower left leg to be cold to touch, pedal and posterior tibial pulses nonpalpable, and a sharp line of paralysis/paresthesia. The nurse's next action is based on the fact that

In which of the following hospital patients would the care team most realistically anticipate finding normal cholesterol levels?

During a routine physical examination of a 66-year-old woman, her nurse practitioner notes a pulsating abdominal mass and refers the woman for further treatment. The nurse practitioner is explaining the diagnosis to the client, who is unfamiliar with aneurysms. Which of the following aspects of the pathophysiology of aneurysms would underlie the explanation the nurse provides?

Which of the following assessment findings of a newly admitted 30-year-old male client would be most likely to cause his physician to suspect polyarteritis nodosa?

Which of the following patients will likely experience difficulty in maintaining lipoprotein synthesis resulting in elevated LDL levels?

A patient is reading a brochure on atherosclerosis while in the waiting room of medical clinic. Which of the following excerpts from the educational brochure warrants correction?

When trying to educate a patient about the release of free radicals and the role they play in formation of atherosclerosis, which of the following statements is most accurate?

A nursing instructor is explaining the role of vascular smooth muscle cells in relation to increases in systemic circulation. During discussion, which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for contraction of the entire muscle cell layer thus resulting in decreased vessel lumen radius?

A 55-year-old male who is beginning to take a statin drug for his hypercholesterolemia is discussing cholesterol and its role in health and illness with his physician. Which of the following aspects of hyperlipidemia would the physician most likely take into account when teaching the patient?

A young woman has been diagnosed by her family physician with primary Raynaud disease. The woman is distraught stating, "I've always been healthy, and I can't believe I have a disease now." What would be her physician's most appropriate response?

A 70-year-old male client presents to the emergency department complaining of pain in his calf that is exacerbated when he walks. His pedal and popliteal pulses are faintly palpable, and his leg distal to the pain is noticeably reddened. The nurse knows that the client is likely experiencing which of the following medical diagnosis/possible treatment plans listed below?

An elderly patient arrives to the health care provider's office complaining of a "sore" that would not heal on his lower leg. Upon assessment, the nurse finds thin, shiny, bluish brown pigmented desquamative skin. It is located medially over the lower leg. The nurse will educate the patient that the usual treatment is

Which of the following medications will likely be prescribed for a patient with elevated LDL and triglyceride levels?

If a virus has caused inflammation resulting in endothelial dysfunction, an excessive amount of endothelins in the blood can result in

A physician is explaining to a group of medical students the concept of Virchow triad as it applies to venous thrombosis. Which of the following clinical observations of a 50-year-old male client is most likely unrelated to a component of Virchow triad?

A nurse is providing care for a client who has a history of severe atherosclerosis. Which of the following clinical manifestations of the client's illness should the nurse anticipate and assess in the client?

In which of the following patients is the emergency department staff most likely to suspect an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A 44-year-old female who is on her feet for the duration of her entire work week has developed varicose veins in her legs. What teaching point would her care provider be most justified in emphasizing to the woman?

A nurse practitioner is instructing a group of older adults about the risks associated with high cholesterol. Which of the following teaching points should the participants try to integrate into their lifestyle after the teaching session?

When a 55-year-old patient's routine blood work returns, the nurse notes that his C-reactive protein (CRP) is elevated. The patient asks what that means. The nurse responds,