Exam 2: Theories of Development

Anne Anastasi believed that some hereditary contributions such as physical attributes are direct while others such as stereotypes attached to physical characteristics are indirect. This is representative of what she termed the:

Eight-year-old Margie is watching her little brother Harry play with clay. When Harry takes the lump of clay and rolls it into a "snake," he comments, "Look, I made it bigger." Margie replies, "No silly, it's the same amount of clay; you just stretched it." Margie's reasoning reflects which of Piaget's stages of development?

Konrad Lorenz showed that baby ducks will follow the first moving object they see even if it is not the mother duck. This behavior is so resistant to change that it appears innate. This is called:

Connie has just completed college and has found a position as an elementary school teacher. She and her boyfriend Mark are talking about getting married in a few years. According to Erikson's theory, Connie is in which stage of development?

John is retired from a career in the army. He often looks at his medals and photographs from the places he had been stationed. He talks fondly about "the old days" with anyone who will listen. According to Erikson's theory, John is probably in which stage of development?

According to Erikson's theory, a person first establishes a sense of trust during which stage?

Explain the differences between behavioral theory and humanistic theory.

Which view sees development as similar to metamorphosis, where change is abrupt and constitutes a difference of kind rather than a difference of degree?

The units that behavioral theorists have divided behavior into are called:

Which theory is Erik Erikson most associated with?

An approach in psychology that maintains that humans are different from all other organisms in that they actively intervene in the course of events to control their destinies and shape the world around them is known as:

Erikson's theory differs from Freud's because it:

Freud's theories have been critiqued on the basis of:

In contrast to psychoanalysis and behavior modification, humanistic psychology is:

The theory developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner that centers on the relationship between the developing individual and the changing environmental systems is known as:

The organismic model views a human being as:

Marie loves her baby niece Fiona because of her tiny fingers, big brown eyes, and cute smile. When Fiona cries Marie always responds by picking her up to soothe her. Fiona's behaviors and characteristics are examples of what ethologists call:

Another name for behavioral theory is:

Scientists who study the behavior patterns of organisms from a biological point of view and believe that babies are biologically preadapted with certain behaviors to elicit caring behaviors in adults are known as:

The process of taking in new information and interpreting it so that it conforms to a currently held model of the world is what Piaget termed: