Question 1

Studies of early institutionalization and social deprivation have found that

Accepted Answer

A)  Abuse or neglect that occurs before the age of 18 months causes no lasting physical or emotional harm. 
B)  Many adoptees from orphanages show indiscriminate friendliness - behavior that is adaptive in institutional settings but creates parenting stress in adoptive family settings. 
C)  Modifications to institutional settings, such as reducing the child-caregiver ratio, do little to diminish the harmful effects of group living in an orphanage. 
D)  Most previously institutionalized children fail to develop normal attachment relationships in their adoptive families. 
A)  Abuse or neglect that occurs before the age of 18 months causes no lasting physical or emotional harm. 
B)  Many adoptees from orphanages show indiscriminate friendliness - behavior that is adaptive in institutional settings but creates parenting stress in adoptive family settings. 
C)  Modifications to institutional settings, such as reducing the child-caregiver ratio, do little to diminish the harmful effects of group living in an orphanage. 
D)  Most previously institutionalized children fail to develop normal attachment relationships in their adoptive families.

Question 2

What is the definition of the following terms?
-Insecure-avoidant attachment

Accepted Answer

An infant-caregiver relationsh

Question 3

Longitudinal studies of infant-caregiver attachment

Accepted Answer

A)  tend to contradict the findings of cross-sectional studies 
B)  show that infants who are securely attached receive higher ratings in childhood and adolescence on measures of social skills 
C)  indicate that a history of disorganized/disoriented attachment is not a risk factor for developing psychopathology 
D)  infant attachment classifications rarely change, even when life circumstances and the caregiving environment change 
A)  tend to contradict the findings of cross-sectional studies 
B)  show that infants who are securely attached receive higher ratings in childhood and adolescence on measures of social skills 
C)  indicate that a history of disorganized/disoriented attachment is not a risk factor for developing psychopathology 
D)  infant attachment classifications rarely change, even when life circumstances and the caregiving environment change

Question 4

Studies of interactions involving toddlers indicate all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  groups of unacquainted peers behave differently with one another than do groups of peers who are well acquainted 
B)  toddlers who know each other well may exhibit unexpectedly advanced activities when playing together 
C)  very young children should be credited with the capacity to form true friendships 
D)  very young children's friendships are different from older children's friendships because they possess companionship but lack mutual affection and intimacy 
A)  groups of unacquainted peers behave differently with one another than do groups of peers who are well acquainted 
B)  toddlers who know each other well may exhibit unexpectedly advanced activities when playing together 
C)  very young children should be credited with the capacity to form true friendships 
D)  very young children's friendships are different from older children's friendships because they possess companionship but lack mutual affection and intimacy

Question 5

Compared with peer relationships, sibling relationships

Accepted Answer

A)  involve fewer conflicts 
B)  are usually more emotional, in both positive and negative ways 
C)  tend to be physically more distant 
D)  involve more cooperation and flexibility 
A)  involve fewer conflicts 
B)  are usually more emotional, in both positive and negative ways 
C)  tend to be physically more distant 
D)  involve more cooperation and flexibility

Question 6

What is the definition of the following terms?
-Strange Situation

Accepted Answer

A laboratory procedure that Ai

Question 7

What is the definition of the following terms?
-Postpartum depression

Accepted Answer

A sense of despair and sadness

Question 8

What is the definition of the following terms?
-Secure attachment relationship

Accepted Answer

An infant-caregiver relationsh

Question 9

What is the definition of the following terms?
-Proximal parenting

Accepted Answer

A pattern of caregiving in which parents

Question 10

Which of the following is supported by studies of father-infant caregiving and interaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fathers tend to be less engaged in childcare tasks when both parents are employed outside of the home. 
B)  Fathers often become more involved during the toddler period, after children begin to walk and talk. 
C)  Fathers tend to be more involved caring for infants when mothers idealize their own family of origin. 
D)  Fathers and mothers tend to engage in equal amounts of physical play with young children. 
A)  Fathers tend to be less engaged in childcare tasks when both parents are employed outside of the home. 
B)  Fathers often become more involved during the toddler period, after children begin to walk and talk. 
C)  Fathers tend to be more involved caring for infants when mothers idealize their own family of origin. 
D)  Fathers and mothers tend to engage in equal amounts of physical play with young children.

Question 11

All of the following have been found in studies of peer relationships and friendships except

Accepted Answer

A)  firstborn children's friendships may help buffer negative effects of the birth of a sibling 
B)  peers and friends tend to play together more and have more conflicts than do siblings 
C)  children tend to be more cooperative and flexible when interacting with friends than with siblings 
D)  parents play an important role in the development of their children's social competence with peers 
A)  firstborn children's friendships may help buffer negative effects of the birth of a sibling 
B)  peers and friends tend to play together more and have more conflicts than do siblings 
C)  children tend to be more cooperative and flexible when interacting with friends than with siblings 
D)  parents play an important role in the development of their children's social competence with peers

Question 12

What is the definition of the following terms?
-Indiscriminate friendliness

Accepted Answer

Behavior that is affectionate and friend

Question 13

When researchers refer to children's "horizontal" relationships, they have in mind all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  relationships with siblings 
B)  relationships with peers 
C)  relationships with friends 
D)  relationships with parents 
A)  relationships with siblings 
B)  relationships with peers 
C)  relationships with friends 
D)  relationships with parents

Question 14

What is the definition of the following terms?
-Bidirectional

Accepted Answer

Interactions that in

Question 15

What is the definition of the following terms?
-Goodness-of-fit

Accepted Answer

A match between an infant's be

Question 16

Clarence, a "difficult" baby, often wakes during the night and is more easily upset than most infants his age. Studies of attachment suggest that Clarence

Accepted Answer

A)  will most likely become insecurely attached to his mother 
B)  may become securely attached to his mother if she is able to be flexible and learn how to adapt her behavior to Clarence's needs 
C)  will become securely attached if his mother follows a set schedule and does not "give in" when Clarence fusses 
D)  will become securely attached once he grows out of his "difficult" stage 
A)  will most likely become insecurely attached to his mother 
B)  may become securely attached to his mother if she is able to be flexible and learn how to adapt her behavior to Clarence's needs 
C)  will become securely attached if his mother follows a set schedule and does not "give in" when Clarence fusses 
D)  will become securely attached once he grows out of his "difficult" stage

Question 17

In the United States, all of the following statement about infants' and toddlers' living arrangements are true except

Accepted Answer

A)  the majority of all children under age three live in a household with two parents 
B)  approximately 25 percent of all African American children under age three live with a single mother 
C)  living arrangements for children younger than age three vary across categories of race/ethnicity 
D)  African American children younger than age three are more likely than other children to live with a grandparent 
A)  the majority of all children under age three live in a household with two parents 
B)  approximately 25 percent of all African American children under age three live with a single mother 
C)  living arrangements for children younger than age three vary across categories of race/ethnicity 
D)  African American children younger than age three are more likely than other children to live with a grandparent

Question 18

What is the definition of the following terms?
-Disorganized/disoriented attachment

Accepted Answer

An infant-caregiver relationsh

Question 19

What is the definition of the following terms?
-Sensitivity

Accepted Answer

The degree to which parents an

Question 20

Studies indicate that parents should influence children's peer relationships and social competence in all of the following ways except by

Accepted Answer

A)  providing rules and enforcing standards when their children play with peers 
B)  monitoring play activities between their children and peers 
C)  choosing specific social activities 
D)  avoiding engaging with their sons in play that is physical and competitive, since those forms of play tend to elicit negative emotions 
A)  providing rules and enforcing standards when their children play with peers 
B)  monitoring play activities between their children and peers 
C)  choosing specific social activities 
D)  avoiding engaging with their sons in play that is physical and competitive, since those forms of play tend to elicit negative emotions

Studies of early institutionalization and social deprivation have found that

What is the definition of the following terms? -Insecure-avoidant attachment

Longitudinal studies of infant-caregiver attachment

Studies of interactions involving toddlers indicate all of the following except

Compared with peer relationships, sibling relationships

What is the definition of the following terms? -Strange Situation

What is the definition of the following terms? -Postpartum depression

What is the definition of the following terms? -Secure attachment relationship

What is the definition of the following terms? -Proximal parenting

Which of the following is supported by studies of father-infant caregiving and interaction?

All of the following have been found in studies of peer relationships and friendships except

What is the definition of the following terms? -Indiscriminate friendliness

When researchers refer to children's "horizontal" relationships, they have in mind all of the following except

What is the definition of the following terms? -Bidirectional

What is the definition of the following terms? -Goodness-of-fit

Clarence, a "difficult" baby, often wakes during the night and is more easily upset than most infants his age. Studies of attachment suggest that Clarence

In the United States, all of the following statement about infants' and toddlers' living arrangements are true except

What is the definition of the following terms? -Disorganized/disoriented attachment

What is the definition of the following terms? -Sensitivity

Studies indicate that parents should influence children's peer relationships and social competence in all of the following ways except by

Beliefs About Babies: Historical Perspectives on Children and Childhood

Research Methods

Genetics, Conception, and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn

Physical Growth, Health, and Nutrition

Sensation, Perception, and Motor Development

Cognition, Learning, and Intelligence

Language and Communication

Temperament, Emotions, and the Self

Building Better Babies: Childcare and Early Intervention

Babies of Today and Tomorrow: Music, Media, and Computers

Filters

Exam 9: Relationships and Social Development

Studies of early institutionalization and social deprivation have found that

What is the definition of the following terms? -Insecure-avoidant attachment

Longitudinal studies of infant-caregiver attachment

Studies of interactions involving toddlers indicate all of the following except

Compared with peer relationships, sibling relationships

What is the definition of the following terms? -Strange Situation

What is the definition of the following terms? -Postpartum depression

What is the definition of the following terms? -Secure attachment relationship

What is the definition of the following terms? -Proximal parenting

Which of the following is supported by studies of father-infant caregiving and interaction?

All of the following have been found in studies of peer relationships and friendships except

What is the definition of the following terms? -Indiscriminate friendliness

When researchers refer to children's "horizontal" relationships, they have in mind all of the following except

What is the definition of the following terms? -Bidirectional

What is the definition of the following terms? -Goodness-of-fit

Clarence, a "difficult" baby, often wakes during the night and is more easily upset than most infants his age. Studies of attachment suggest that Clarence

In the United States, all of the following statement about infants' and toddlers' living arrangements are true except

What is the definition of the following terms? -Disorganized/disoriented attachment

What is the definition of the following terms? -Sensitivity

Studies indicate that parents should influence children's peer relationships and social competence in all of the following ways except by

Beliefs About Babies: Historical Perspectives on Children and Childhood

Research Methods

Genetics, Conception, and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn

Physical Growth, Health, and Nutrition

Sensation, Perception, and Motor Development

Cognition, Learning, and Intelligence

Language and Communication

Temperament, Emotions, and the Self

Building Better Babies: Childcare and Early Intervention

Babies of Today and Tomorrow: Music, Media, and Computers

Filters