Exam 1: Human Development

Karen's father disappeared several years ago and her mother has had a difficult time battling both depression and an alcohol problem for several years. Karen not only takes care of herself, but she manages to take good care of her younger sister and brother. Karen has been identified as a "resilient child." Please define the term resilient child and describe the qualities these children have. Describe how Karen may use these qualities while caring for her younger siblings. Answer will vary.

Compared to children of divorced parents who have distant relationships with their nonresident fathers, those who are close to their fathers, and whose fathers use an authoritative parenting style, show which of the following?

Describe the risky sexual behavior engaged in by adolescents. Be sure to address the issues of sexually transmitted diseases and teenage pregnancy. Answer will vary.

List each of Baumrind's parenting styles. Describe each of these parenting styles and the child-development outcomes to which each has been linked, and explain how each style provides a different outcome. Answer will vary.

Jonathan and his wife Marta are having their second child. Marta still has nightmares about the delivery of their first child in the hospital, so they are interested in either improving the standard hospital delivery situation or pursuing a different method of delivery. Please list three alternative birth methods that might be available to Jonathan and Marta for the delivery of their second child. Describe the methods of delivery as well as the advantages and the disadvantages or risks associated with each method.

Our understanding of death changes both cognitively and emotionally as we age. Describe the view of death of a child in the conventional stage. Explain why adolescents do not think much about death. Discuss what it means to come to a realization and acceptance of the inevitability of death.

Which of the following is an important factor for marital success?

The Godwins have four children who are rapidly heading into the adolescent phase of their development. From chats with close friends, and the information they have gathered from the media, the Godwins anticipate nothing but havoc for the next several years. What information would you give them about what lies ahead for them? Include the physical changes that occur in both males and females during this period. Describe what parents can do in this period that will have a positive effect on their children's development. Answer will vary.

The principles of social learning theory were developed by

Of the following, the child MOST likely to have a high rate of childhood illness is

Tanya has recently developed the ability to draw shapes such as circles and squares. About what age is _Tanya?

When children are learning to be storytellers themselves while parents become active listeners, they are engaging in a __________ style of reading.

As children expand their world to the neighborhood around them, they also increase their opportunities for new kinds of activities. Describe five of the physical activities that young children participate in, and explain the hazards involved in participation. Give five suggestions about how parents and caregivers can keep children reasonably safe while still letting them take on some new challenges in negotiating their environment. Answer will vary.

When adolescents reach puberty they also experience changes in the way that they think. Describe Piaget's formal operations stage of cognitive development. Describe Elkind's views on adolescent cognitive development, including the immature thought patterns that can result from an adolescent's inexperience with formal thinking. Answer will vary.

According to the textbook, about ______ of men in their 40s and ______ in their 70s experience erectile dysfunction at least sometime.

Carmine's grandfather has come to live with him because he is starting to have trouble with the cognitive functions involved in activities such as paying bills, buying groceries, and preparing meals. Although he loves his grandfather, Carmine was unprepared for life with a man in his 70s. List five things that Carmine may do with his grandfather to slow down the deterioration of his cognitive functioning. Answer will vary.

Identify the differences between the terms self-concept and self-esteem. Give three examples to illustrate how caregivers can facilitate children's development of each of these areas. Include in your answer the ideal self versus the real self and the concept of representational mapping in early childhood. Answer will vary.

Explain the concepts of euthanasia and assisted suicide. Discuss the implications for both families and medical personnel in attempting to honor the wishes of individuals at the end of their lives.

Describe how children's language develops in early childhood. Describe the progression of speech patterns from two-word phrases through the use of grammar in formulating sentences. List two effects of environment on language development, and give two suggestions for how parents and caregivers can enhance the development of language skills in their young children. Answer will vary.

Discuss and identity development of adolescents. What are the critical issues for this age group as they struggle with identity formation? Answer will vary.