Exam 7: Cells, Tissues and Signals
Exam 1: Nature of Molecules42 Questions
Exam 2: Biomolecules43 Questions
Exam 3: The Chemistry of Life43 Questions
Exam 4: Functioning Cells45 Questions
Exam 5: Movement Across Membranes45 Questions
Exam 6: Harvesting Energy42 Questions
Exam 7: Cells, Tissues and Signals44 Questions
Exam 8: Cell Division42 Questions
Exam 9: Inheritance45 Questions
Exam 10: Genes, Chromosomes and Dna42 Questions
Exam 11: The Genetic Code43 Questions
Exam 12: Gene Expression45 Questions
Exam 13: Genomes, Mutation and Cancer45 Questions
Exam 14: Viruses45 Questions
Exam 15: Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology45 Questions
Exam 16: Reproduction, Growth and Development of Flowering Plants45 Questions
Exam 17: Structure of Plants45 Questions
Exam 18: Plant Nutrition, Transport and Adaptation to Stress41 Questions
Exam 19: Plant Hormones and Growth Responses45 Questions
Exam 20: Animal Reproduction45 Questions
Exam 21: Animal Development44 Questions
Exam 22: Homeostasis: Water, Solutes and Excretion45 Questions
Exam 23: Gas Exchange in Animals45 Questions
Exam 24: Circulation45 Questions
Exam 25: Metabolism, Temperature Regulation and Environmental Stress45 Questions
Exam 26: Animal and Human Nutrition44 Questions
Exam 27: Innate Defences and the Immune System45 Questions
Exam 28: Hormonal Control in Animals45 Questions
Exam 29: Nervous Systems44 Questions
Exam 30: Animal Movement45 Questions
Exam 31: Animal Behaviour45 Questions
Exam 32: Evolving Life44 Questions
Exam 33: Evolving Earth44 Questions
Exam 34: Mechanisms of Evolution44 Questions
Exam 35: Bacteria44 Questions
Exam 36: The Protists44 Questions
Exam 37: Plants45 Questions
Exam 38: Fungi45 Questions
Exam 39: Simple Animals: Sponges to Flatworms45 Questions
Exam 40: Annelids, Molluscs, Nematodes and Arthropods45 Questions
Exam 41: Echinoderms and Chordates45 Questions
Exam 42: Australian Biota45 Questions
Exam 43: Population Ecology45 Questions
Exam 44: Living in Communities45 Questions
Exam 45: Ecosystems45 Questions
Exam 46: Human Impacts45 Questions
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In mammals, the hormone epinephrine activates an intracellular signalling pathway that leads to the breakdown of glycogen in the liver. The binding of epinephrine to a G-protein linked receptor on the surface of liver cells activates a succession of relay molecules including the adenyl cyclase, cAMP and protein kinase A, The final protein to be activated is the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase, which catalyses the breakdown of glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate. In this signalling pathway, the second messenger is
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Correct Answer:
D
Which of the following statements about cell responses to signals is INCORRECT?
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B
Which statement in relation to the binding of insulin to an insulin receptor is CORRECT?
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Correct Answer:
A
A type of sensory organ found in many invertebrates consists of a spherical, fluid filled chamber that contains grains of sand or other dense granules. The cells lining the chamber are mechanoreceptors with sensitive cilia that project into the lumen. The granules settle at the low point within the chamber, deforming the cilia underneath and stimulating the cells directly below them. In this sensory organ, the responses of multiple mechanoreceptors are combined to enable the detection of
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Desmosomes are one type of intercellular connection found between the epithelial cells lining the lumen of the intestine of mammals. They function to
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Mammals have cold-sensitive nerve cells, which respond to decreasing temperature and warm-sensitive nerve cells, which respond to increasing temperature. Detection of an increase in temperature leads to
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In a physiology experiment, a zoologist observes that one connective tissue (A) has much greater tolerance for repeated bending than another (B). The most likely explanation for this difference is that the
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Occluding junctions are found between the epithelial cells lining the lumen of the intestine of mammals. They function to
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Why is nitrous oxide (NO) an exception among other water-soluble chemical signals?
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Lipid-soluble ligand-receptor complexes trigger a cellular response by
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Which of the following statements about G proteins is INCORRECT?
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If a signalling molecule (ligand) triggers an effect (protein phosphorylation) via a second messenger system, which will produce the greatest change in the magnitude of the effect in a target cell?
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To assist them to locate food, the bills of platypus have a class of sensory receptor previously thought to have occurred only in fish. This receptor is sensitive to
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Some chemical signal molecules are excluded from entering the cell whereas others are able to enter. Based on your knowledge of the structure of cell membranes, which of the following signal molecules would be able to pass through the cell membrane?
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Cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae use chemical signalling to identify individuals of the opposite mating type and initiate the mating process. Each cell secretes a mating factor that binds to receptor proteins on the other cell. You would expect successful mating to occur between cells with
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