Question 1

When a quark emits or absorbs a gluon, the quark changes

Accepted Answer

A)  its charge. 
B)  its color. 
C)  into an antiquark. 
D)  its mass. 
E)  into a fermion. 
A)  its charge. 
B)  its color. 
C)  into an antiquark. 
D)  its mass. 
E)  into a fermion. B

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the process in which energy is released in a conventional nuclear reactor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deuterium and tritium are joined together to form helium. 
B)  Uranium, when bombarded by neutrons, splits into fragments and releases two or three neutrons, and these neutrons in turn strike more uranium nuclei that split, thereby setting off a chain reaction that releases energy. 
C)  A uranium nucleus is energized to an excited state by neutron irradiation, and it then decays by emitting beta rays and gamma rays that heat water and create steam. 
D)  Uranium is reacted with oxygen in a combustion process that releases large amounts of radioactivity and heat. 
E)  The radiation given off by a naturally radioactive substance, uranium, is collected and used to make steam. 
A)  Deuterium and tritium are joined together to form helium. 
B)  Uranium, when bombarded by neutrons, splits into fragments and releases two or three neutrons, and these neutrons in turn strike more uranium nuclei that split, thereby setting off a chain reaction that releases energy. 
C)  A uranium nucleus is energized to an excited state by neutron irradiation, and it then decays by emitting beta rays and gamma rays that heat water and create steam. 
D)  Uranium is reacted with oxygen in a combustion process that releases large amounts of radioactivity and heat. 
E)  The radiation given off by a naturally radioactive substance, uranium, is collected and used to make steam. B

Question 3

The number of quarks in a deuteron   is

Accepted Answer

A)  5. 
B)  3. 
C)  2. 
D)  4. 
E)  6. 
A)  5. 
B)  3. 
C)  2. 
D)  4. 
E)  6. E

Question 4

A negative Q value for a reaction indicates the reaction is

Accepted Answer

A)  exoergic. 
B)  endoergic. 
A)  exoergic. 
B)  endoergic.

Question 5

Which uranium isotope has the largest cross section for slow neutrons?

Accepted Answer

A)  U-238 
B)  U-235 
C)  U-236 
A)  U-238 
B)  U-235 
C)  U-236

Question 6

The exchange particles for the weak force are very massive (about 100 times as massive as a proton). This would lead one to expect that the weak force would

Accepted Answer

A)  act over a very long range. 
B)  act over a very short range. 
C)  only act on very massive particles. 
D)  be transmitted at the speed of light. 
A)  act over a very long range. 
B)  act over a very short range. 
C)  only act on very massive particles. 
D)  be transmitted at the speed of light.

Question 7

Which of the following is not considered a fundamental particle?

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha particle 
B)  beta particle 
C)  neutrino 
D)  muon 
A)  alpha particle 
B)  beta particle 
C)  neutrino 
D)  muon

Question 8

Scientists were led to postulate the existence of the neutrino in order to

Accepted Answer

A)  account for alpha decay. 
B)  maintain the conservation of energy and of momentum in beta decay. 
C)  explain the intense radiation emitted by quasars. 
D)  provide a mechanism for quark production. 
A)  account for alpha decay. 
B)  maintain the conservation of energy and of momentum in beta decay. 
C)  explain the intense radiation emitted by quasars. 
D)  provide a mechanism for quark production.

Question 9

A Carbon-14 nucleus decays to a Nitrogen-14 nucleus by beta decay. How much energy (in MeV) is released if Carbon-14 has a mass of 14.003074 u and Nitrogen-14 has a mass of 14.003242 u?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A Carbon-14 nucleus decays to a Nitrogen-14...

Question 10

Find the Q value of the following reaction:
   
(14.003074 u) (4.002603 u) (16.999131 u) (1.007825 u)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Find the Q value of the following...

Question 11

Which of the following is not believed to be composed of quarks?

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha particle 
B)  proton 
C)  beta particle 
D)  pion 
E)  neutron 
A)  alpha particle 
B)  proton 
C)  beta particle 
D)  pion 
E)  neutron

Question 12

What is the source of the energy the sun radiates to us?

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear fission reactions 
B)  cosmic rays 
C)  gravitational collapse 
D)  nuclear fusion reactions 
E)  chemical reactions 
A)  nuclear fission reactions 
B)  cosmic rays 
C)  gravitational collapse 
D)  nuclear fusion reactions 
E)  chemical reactions

Question 13

Identify (name) the 12 leptons:

Accepted Answer

electron, muon, tauon, electro

Question 14

A distinctive feature of quarks is that they

Accepted Answer

A)  have fractional electric charge. 
B)  have zero charge. 
C)  are always observed singly, since they do not readily interact with other particles. 
D)  have zero rest mass. 
A)  have fractional electric charge. 
B)  have zero charge. 
C)  are always observed singly, since they do not readily interact with other particles. 
D)  have zero rest mass.

Question 15

Identify with an H or L to which family, hadron or lepton, each of the following belong
-pion

Accepted Answer

A)  hadron 
B)  lepton 
A)  hadron 
B)  lepton

Question 16

A proton strikes an Oxygen-18 nucleus producing Fluorine-18 and another particle. What other particle is produced by this nuclear reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  a neutron 
B)  a $\beta$+ particle 
C)  an alpha particle 
D)  a $\beta$- particle 
A)  a neutron 
B)  a $\beta$+ particle 
C)  an alpha particle 
D)  a $\beta$- particle

Question 17

Consider the fission reaction:
   
(a) Estimate the energy released in the reaction.
(b) If 3 neutrons had been released instead of 2, what energy would have been released?

Accepted Answer

(a) 234. M

Question 18

The majority of nuclear power plants depend upon which uranium isotope?

Accepted Answer

A)  U-235 
B)  U-236 
C)  U-238 
A)  U-235 
B)  U-236 
C)  U-238

Question 19

The grand unified theory (GUT) is a sought-after model that would unify three of the four forces of nature. Which force is the one it would not include?

Accepted Answer

A)  strong 
B)  gravitational 
C)  weak 
D)  electromagnetic 
A)  strong 
B)  gravitational 
C)  weak 
D)  electromagnetic

Question 20

An electron is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a baryon. 
B)  a lepton. 
C)  a meson. 
D)  a hadron. 
A)  a baryon. 
B)  a lepton. 
C)  a meson. 
D)  a hadron.

Exam 30: Nuclear Reactions and Elementary Particles

When a quark emits or absorbs a gluon, the quark changes

Which of the following best describes the process in which energy is released in a conventional nuclear reactor?

The number of quarks in a deuteron is

A negative Q value for a reaction indicates the reaction is

Which uranium isotope has the largest cross section for slow neutrons?

The exchange particles for the weak force are very massive (about 100 times as massive as a proton). This would lead one to expect that the weak force would

Which of the following is not considered a fundamental particle?

Scientists were led to postulate the existence of the neutrino in order to

A Carbon-14 nucleus decays to a Nitrogen-14 nucleus by beta decay. How much energy (in MeV) is released if Carbon-14 has a mass of 14.003074 u and Nitrogen-14 has a mass of 14.003242 u?

Find the Q value of the following reaction: (14.003074 u) (4.002603 u) (16.999131 u) (1.007825 u)

Which of the following is not believed to be composed of quarks?

What is the source of the energy the sun radiates to us?

Identify (name) the 12 leptons:

A distinctive feature of quarks is that they

Identify with an H or L to which family, hadron or lepton, each of the following belong -pion

A proton strikes an Oxygen-18 nucleus producing Fluorine-18 and another particle. What other particle is produced by this nuclear reaction?

Consider the fission reaction: (a) Estimate the energy released in the reaction. (b) If 3 neutrons had been released instead of 2, what energy would have been released?

The majority of nuclear power plants depend upon which uranium isotope?

The grand unified theory (GUT) is a sought-after model that would unify three of the four forces of nature. Which force is the one it would not include?

An electron is an example of

Measurement and Problem Solving

Kinematics: Description of Motion

Motion in Two Dimensions

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Heat

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Electric Potential, Energy, and Capacitance

Electric Current and Resistance

Basic Electric Circuits

Magnetism

Electromagnetic Induction and Waves

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Reflection and Refraction of Light

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Physical Optics: The Wave Nature of Light

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