Question 1

An object's length is largest when measured by an observer at rest with respect to the object.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

In spite of the fictional exploits of the starship Enterprise, "Relativity" teaches us that the maximum possible speed is what? (hint: warp = v/c)

Accepted Answer

A)  "warp" 10 
B)  "warp" 1 
C)  "warp"
  
D)  "warp" infinity 
E)  "warp" 0 
A)  "warp" 10 
B)  "warp" 1 
C)  "warp"
  
D)  "warp" infinity 
E)  "warp" 0 B

Question 3

The gamma factor is 1 /   2 and it

Accepted Answer

A)  can be zero. 
B)  can be any number greater than or equal to zero. 
C)  can be any number greater than or equal to one. 
D)  can be a negative number. 
E)  cannot equal one. 
A)  can be zero. 
B)  can be any number greater than or equal to zero. 
C)  can be any number greater than or equal to one. 
D)  can be a negative number. 
E)  cannot equal one. C

Question 4

Using the velocity transformation formula, calculate the speed in the "rest frame" of a particle which is seen to be moving at c in a "moving frame".

Accepted Answer

u = (v+u')/(1+vu"/c²) = (v+c)/(

Question 5

How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.886c?

Accepted Answer

A)  3.0 × 103 J 
B)  8.1 × 1021 
C)  1.8 × 1017 J 
D)  3.4 × 10-7 
E)  9.0 × 1016 J 
A)  3.0 × 103 J 
B)  8.1 × 1021 
C)  1.8 × 1017 J 
D)  3.4 × 10-7 
E)  9.0 × 1016 J

Question 6

If one uses the classical expression for kinetic energy (1/2 m v2) for a particle traveling at half the speed of light, the result will be deficient by how many percent?

Accepted Answer

A)  24% 
B)  13% 
C)  27% 
D)  7% 
E)  1% 
A)  24% 
B)  13% 
C)  27% 
D)  7% 
E)  1%

Question 7

The gravitational red shift is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  Rayleigh scattering in the atmosphere. 
B)  rotating black holes. 
C)  time dilation. 
D)  gravitational lensing. 
A)  Rayleigh scattering in the atmosphere. 
B)  rotating black holes. 
C)  time dilation. 
D)  gravitational lensing.

Question 8

Earth observes a rocket move away at 0.370c. The rocket is designed to launch a projectile at 0.505c relative to the rocket.
(a) Fired straight ahead, what is the projectile speed observed from Earth?
(b) Launched to the rear, what is the projectile speed observed from Earth?

Accepted Answer

(a) 0.737c

Question 9

When star light passes by the sun

Accepted Answer

A)  it is unaffected by the sun. 
B)  it is absorbed by the sun. 
C)  it is deflected away from the sun. 
D)  it is deflected toward the sun. 
A)  it is unaffected by the sun. 
B)  it is absorbed by the sun. 
C)  it is deflected away from the sun. 
D)  it is deflected toward the sun.

Question 10

A stick is moving along the x-axis at 90%c. A person riding with the stick sees it inclined at 45.° with respect to the x-axis. Observers in the rest frame see the stick making what angle with respect to the x-axis?

Accepted Answer

A)  53.° 
B)  66.° 
C)  88.° 
D)  45.° 
E)  79.° 
A)  53.° 
B)  66.° 
C)  88.° 
D)  45.° 
E)  79.°

Question 11

George Gamow, the creator of the Big-Bang theory of the origin of the universe, asks you to imagine what would happen if the speed of light was 15. mi/h. If you were on the sidewalk looking at a bicyclist ride down the street, how does she look to you while riding, compared to when she stops?

Accepted Answer

A)  taller, the same mass, but stretched out like a limousine 
B)  same height, greater mass, and flatter in the direction she is moving 
C)  shorter, greater mass, but stretched out like a limousine 
D)  same height, smaller mass, and flatter in the direction she is moving 
E)  shorter, the same mass, but stretched out like a limousine 
A)  taller, the same mass, but stretched out like a limousine 
B)  same height, greater mass, and flatter in the direction she is moving 
C)  shorter, greater mass, but stretched out like a limousine 
D)  same height, smaller mass, and flatter in the direction she is moving 
E)  shorter, the same mass, but stretched out like a limousine

Question 12

The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measure

Accepted Answer

A)  the relativistic mass of the electron. 
B)  the velocity of the Earth relative to the ether. 
C)  the relativistic energy of the electron. 
D)  the acceleration of gravity on the Earth's surface. 
A)  the relativistic mass of the electron. 
B)  the velocity of the Earth relative to the ether. 
C)  the relativistic energy of the electron. 
D)  the acceleration of gravity on the Earth's surface.

Question 13

The amount of energy equivalent to one kilogram of mass at rest is

Accepted Answer

A)  1.2 × 108 eV. 
B)  9.0 × 1016 J. 
C)  4.5 × 1016 J. 
D)  6.0 × 10-3 eV. 
E)  3.0 × 108 J. 
A)  1.2 × 108 eV. 
B)  9.0 × 1016 J. 
C)  4.5 × 1016 J. 
D)  6.0 × 10-3 eV. 
E)  3.0 × 108 J.

Question 14

One consequence of Einstein's theory of special relativity is that

Accepted Answer

A)  absolute velocity of stars can be measured with respect to the ether wind. 
B)  absolute Earth velocity can be measured. 
C)  simultaneity is not absolute. 
D)  relative speed can not be measured. 
E)  nothing is conserved because it changes. 
A)  absolute velocity of stars can be measured with respect to the ether wind. 
B)  absolute Earth velocity can be measured. 
C)  simultaneity is not absolute. 
D)  relative speed can not be measured. 
E)  nothing is conserved because it changes.

Question 15

Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of reference?

Accepted Answer

A)  all of the other answer choices 
B)  the length of a meter stick 
C)  the mass of the proton 
D)  the half-life of a muon 
A)  all of the other answer choices 
B)  the length of a meter stick 
C)  the mass of the proton 
D)  the half-life of a muon

Question 16

A spaceship visits Alpha Centauri and returns to Earth. Alpha Centauri is 4.5 light-years from Earth (our second closest star). If the spaceship travels at one-half the speed of light for essentially all of its expedition, how long was the ship gone according to an observer on the Earth?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A spaceship visits Alpha Centauri and returns...

Question 17

A proton (1.67 × 10-27 kg) is accelerated to 99.8% the speed of light. How much energy did the accelerator have to impart?

Accepted Answer

A)  38.9 GeV 
B)  7.52 GeV 
C)  13.9 GeV 
D)  14.8 GeV 
E)  223. GeV 
A)  38.9 GeV 
B)  7.52 GeV 
C)  13.9 GeV 
D)  14.8 GeV 
E)  223. GeV

Question 18

The total energy of a particle at rest is

Accepted Answer

A)  moc2. 
B)  (1/2) moc2. 
C)  zero. 
D)  p2/(2mo) . 
A)  moc2. 
B)  (1/2) moc2. 
C)  zero. 
D)  p2/(2mo) .

Question 19

State the two fundamental postulates of Einstein's Special Relativity.

Accepted Answer

(1) the constancy of the speed

Question 20

A person onboard spaceship A sees craft B moving away at 92.2% the speed of light and he sees C approaching at 0.833c (see Figure 26-1) 
  
 (a) Spacecraft B sees C approaching with what speed?
(b) Ship C sees B approaching with what speed?
(c) Ship C sees A approaching at what speed?
(d) Spacecraft B determines A to be moving at what speed?

Accepted Answer

(a) approaches at 0.

Exam 26: Relativity

An object's length is largest when measured by an observer at rest with respect to the object.

In spite of the fictional exploits of the starship Enterprise, "Relativity" teaches us that the maximum possible speed is what? (hint: warp = v/c)

The gamma factor is 1 / 2 and it

Using the velocity transformation formula, calculate the speed in the "rest frame" of a particle which is seen to be moving at c in a "moving frame".

How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.886c?

If one uses the classical expression for kinetic energy (1/2 m v2) for a particle traveling at half the speed of light, the result will be deficient by how many percent?

The gravitational red shift is caused by

Earth observes a rocket move away at 0.370c. The rocket is designed to launch a projectile at 0.505c relative to the rocket. (a) Fired straight ahead, what is the projectile speed observed from Earth? (b) Launched to the rear, what is the projectile speed observed from Earth?

When star light passes by the sun

A stick is moving along the x-axis at 90%c. A person riding with the stick sees it inclined at 45.° with respect to the x-axis. Observers in the rest frame see the stick making what angle with respect to the x-axis?

George Gamow, the creator of the Big-Bang theory of the origin of the universe, asks you to imagine what would happen if the speed of light was 15. mi/h. If you were on the sidewalk looking at a bicyclist ride down the street, how does she look to you while riding, compared to when she stops?

The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measure

The amount of energy equivalent to one kilogram of mass at rest is

One consequence of Einstein's theory of special relativity is that

Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of reference?

A spaceship visits Alpha Centauri and returns to Earth. Alpha Centauri is 4.5 light-years from Earth (our second closest star). If the spaceship travels at one-half the speed of light for essentially all of its expedition, how long was the ship gone according to an observer on the Earth?

A proton (1.67 × 10-27 kg) is accelerated to 99.8% the speed of light. How much energy did the accelerator have to impart?

The total energy of a particle at rest is

State the two fundamental postulates of Einstein's Special Relativity.

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The gamma factor is 1 / ² and it

If one uses the classical expression for kinetic energy (1/2 m v²) for a particle traveling at half the speed of light, the result will be deficient by how many percent?

A proton (1.67 × 10^-27 kg) is accelerated to 99.8% the speed of light. How much energy did the accelerator have to impart?