Question 1

If changes occur in the genetic diversity of a species and they are not the result of natural selection, which of the following could have occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  This could be a case of genetic drift. 
B)  The population may be extremely small. 
C)  Random events may have eliminated certain genes from the population. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  This could be a case of genetic drift. 
B)  The population may be extremely small. 
C)  Random events may have eliminated certain genes from the population. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. D

Question 2

New genes are introduced into a gene pool by

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution. 
B)  spontaneous mutations. 
C)  natural selection. 
D)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
A)  evolution. 
B)  spontaneous mutations. 
C)  natural selection. 
D)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. B

Question 3

Which of the following would be an example of directional selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutations change the gene frequency of a population. 
B)  All of the plants on an island are killed by a volcanic eruption. 
C)  In a forest, the taller oak trees produce twice as many acorns as shorter ones. 
D)  Mice that were painted with a white stripe by biologists were eaten by predators more often than those that were not painted 
A)  Mutations change the gene frequency of a population. 
B)  All of the plants on an island are killed by a volcanic eruption. 
C)  In a forest, the taller oak trees produce twice as many acorns as shorter ones. 
D)  Mice that were painted with a white stripe by biologists were eaten by predators more often than those that were not painted C

Question 4

The gene frequencies of a population can be expected to change if

Accepted Answer

A)  the population is small. 
B)  no mutation occurs. 
C)  no migration occurs into or out of the population. 
D)  random mating occurs. 
A)  the population is small. 
B)  no mutation occurs. 
C)  no migration occurs into or out of the population. 
D)  random mating occurs.

Question 5

Sexual selection can

Accepted Answer

A)  change the gene frequency. 
B)  lower the reproductive rate. 
C)  prevent natural selection. 
D)  not be a selecting agent. 
A)  change the gene frequency. 
B)  lower the reproductive rate. 
C)  prevent natural selection. 
D)  not be a selecting agent.

Question 6

Which of the following was a biological fact important to the development of Darwin's ideas about evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Organisms typically produce huge numbers of offspring. 
B)  There are differences among members of the same species. 
C)  There is a high death rate among organisms. 
D)  All of these are true. 
A)  Organisms typically produce huge numbers of offspring. 
B)  There are differences among members of the same species. 
C)  There is a high death rate among organisms. 
D)  All of these are true.

Question 7

If allele 'a' is favored, or selected for, over allele 'A,'

Accepted Answer

A)  'A' will increase in frequency and 'a' will decrease in frequency. 
B)  both alleles will increase in frequency. 
C)  'a' will increase in frequency and 'A' will decrease in frequency. 
D)  the frequencies of both alleles will remain the same. 
A)  'A' will increase in frequency and 'a' will decrease in frequency. 
B)  both alleles will increase in frequency. 
C)  'a' will increase in frequency and 'A' will decrease in frequency. 
D)  the frequencies of both alleles will remain the same.

Question 8

All of the following could result in an increase in the genetic variety within a gene pool except

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation within the gene pool. 
B)  migration of individuals into the gene pool from other subspecies. 
C)  sexual reproduction with individuals of other gene pools. 
D)  selective breeding that creates individuals with specific sets of characteristics. 
A)  mutation within the gene pool. 
B)  migration of individuals into the gene pool from other subspecies. 
C)  sexual reproduction with individuals of other gene pools. 
D)  selective breeding that creates individuals with specific sets of characteristics.

Question 9

In order for the frequency of a particular allele in a population to increase,

Accepted Answer

A)  the allele must be selected for. 
B)  those having the allele must be better reproducers. 
C)  the individuals without the allele do not compete as well. 
D)  All of these answers are true. 
A)  the allele must be selected for. 
B)  those having the allele must be better reproducers. 
C)  the individuals without the allele do not compete as well. 
D)  All of these answers are true.

Question 10

Which of the following would be necessary for evolution to take place?

Accepted Answer

A)  a large population 
B)  genetic diversity within populations 
C)  asexual reproduction 
D)  separate male and female sexes 
A)  a large population 
B)  genetic diversity within populations 
C)  asexual reproduction 
D)  separate male and female sexes

Question 11

The theory of natural selection was proposed

Accepted Answer

A)  independently by Darwin. 
B)  jointly by Darwin and Wallace. 
C)  independently by Mendel. 
D)  jointly by Wallace and Lamarck. 
A)  independently by Darwin. 
B)  jointly by Darwin and Wallace. 
C)  independently by Mendel. 
D)  jointly by Wallace and Lamarck.

Question 12

Most species produce large numbers of offspring by sexual reproduction. This is important to the theory of natural selection because

Accepted Answer

A)  each individual is unique and this diversity allows selecting agents to operate. 
B)  selecting agents often lead to the death of large numbers of offspring. 
C)  the diversity shown in the offspring makes it highly likely that some of them will be able to reproduce successfully. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  each individual is unique and this diversity allows selecting agents to operate. 
B)  selecting agents often lead to the death of large numbers of offspring. 
C)  the diversity shown in the offspring makes it highly likely that some of them will be able to reproduce successfully. 
D)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

If two alleles exist for a characteristic (A and a) and allele 'a' is lethal in homozygous individuals,

Accepted Answer

A)  the frequency of the 'a' allele will remain constant. 
B)  the 'a' allele will be eliminated from the population. 
C)  the 'a' allele is not likely to be eliminated from the population. 
D)  the frequency of the 'a' allele will increase. 
A)  the frequency of the 'a' allele will remain constant. 
B)  the 'a' allele will be eliminated from the population. 
C)  the 'a' allele is not likely to be eliminated from the population. 
D)  the frequency of the 'a' allele will increase.

Question 14

Many kinds of disease-causing bacteria are resistant to the standard antibiotics that we use to control them. This is because

Accepted Answer

A)  when bacteria are exposed to antibiotics they mutate. 
B)  there is genetic variety within the species and those that already have genes for resistance are the ones that reproduce. 
C)  new species of bacteria have evolved that are resistant to antibiotics. 
D)  when the size of the population of a species of bacterium is reduced, genetic variety decreases. 
A)  when bacteria are exposed to antibiotics they mutate. 
B)  there is genetic variety within the species and those that already have genes for resistance are the ones that reproduce. 
C)  new species of bacteria have evolved that are resistant to antibiotics. 
D)  when the size of the population of a species of bacterium is reduced, genetic variety decreases.

Question 15

In accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg concept, a population with 80% dominant (A) alleles and 20% recessive (a) alleles would have ____ heterozygous individuals.

Accepted Answer

A)  4% 
B)  16% 
C)  32% 
D)  64% 
A)  4% 
B)  16% 
C)  32% 
D)  64%

Question 16

The genome is all the individual's

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA. 
B)  mRNA. 
C)  tRNA. 
D)  All of these answers are true. 
A)  DNA. 
B)  mRNA. 
C)  tRNA. 
D)  All of these answers are true.

Question 17

Natural selection determines how a species

Accepted Answer

A)  breeds. 
B)  feeds. 
C)  evolves. 
D)  All of these answers are true. 
A)  breeds. 
B)  feeds. 
C)  evolves. 
D)  All of these answers are true.

Question 18

In an individual, an allele may be present and not express itself when

Accepted Answer

A)  one allele is recessive and one allele is dominant. 
B)  two recessive alleles are present. 
C)  two dominant alleles are present. 
D)  the individual is haploid. 
A)  one allele is recessive and one allele is dominant. 
B)  two recessive alleles are present. 
C)  two dominant alleles are present. 
D)  the individual is haploid.

Question 19

All of the ____ are a species.

Accepted Answer

A)  St. Bernard dogs in the world 
B)  white-tailed deer in Michigan 
C)  red-winged blackbirds in the world 
D)  mules in the world 
A)  St. Bernard dogs in the world 
B)  white-tailed deer in Michigan 
C)  red-winged blackbirds in the world 
D)  mules in the world

Question 20

A selecting agent

Accepted Answer

A)  causes mutations. 
B)  selects the conditions an organism lives under. 
C)  lowers the percentage of unfavorable genes in a population. 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  causes mutations. 
B)  selects the conditions an organism lives under. 
C)  lowers the percentage of unfavorable genes in a population. 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Exam 13: Evolution and Natural Selection

If changes occur in the genetic diversity of a species and they are not the result of natural selection, which of the following could have occurred?

New genes are introduced into a gene pool by

Which of the following would be an example of directional selection?

The gene frequencies of a population can be expected to change if

Sexual selection can

Which of the following was a biological fact important to the development of Darwin's ideas about evolution?

If allele 'a' is favored, or selected for, over allele 'A,'

All of the following could result in an increase in the genetic variety within a gene pool except

In order for the frequency of a particular allele in a population to increase,

Which of the following would be necessary for evolution to take place?

The theory of natural selection was proposed

Most species produce large numbers of offspring by sexual reproduction. This is important to the theory of natural selection because

If two alleles exist for a characteristic (A and a) and allele 'a' is lethal in homozygous individuals,

Many kinds of disease-causing bacteria are resistant to the standard antibiotics that we use to control them. This is because

In accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg concept, a population with 80% dominant (A) alleles and 20% recessive (a) alleles would have ____ heterozygous individuals.

The genome is all the individual's

Natural selection determines how a species

In an individual, an allele may be present and not express itself when

All of the ____ are a species.

A selecting agent

What Is Biology

The Basics of Life: Chemistry

Organic Molecules: The Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Enzymes, Coenzymes, and Energy

Biochemical Pathways: Cellular Respiration

Biochemical Pathways: Photosynthesis

DNA and RNA: The Molecular Basis of Heredity

Cell Division: Proliferation and Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Applications of Biotechnology

Diversity Within Species and Population Genetics

The Formation of Species and Evolutionary Change

Ecosystem Dynamics: The Flow of Energy and Matter

Community Interactions

Population Ecology

Evolutionary and Ecological Aspects of Behavior

The Origin of Life and the Evolution of Cells

The Classification and Evolution of Organisms

The Nature of Microorganisms

The Plant Kingdom

The Animal Kingdom

Materials Exchange in the Body

Nutrition: Food and Diet

The Bodys Control Mechanisms and Immunity

Human Reproduction, Sex, and Sexuality

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