Question 1

Although scientific fraud does occur, it is usually discovered because

Accepted Answer

A)  scientists try to repeat the experiments of others. 
B)  scientists publish their results. 
C)  scientists are skeptical unless they have very strong evidence. 
D)  All of these statements are true. 
A)  scientists try to repeat the experiments of others. 
B)  scientists publish their results. 
C)  scientists are skeptical unless they have very strong evidence. 
D)  All of these statements are true. D

Question 2

Removal of herbal medicines from USDA regulation by the DSHEA in 1994 led to

Accepted Answer

A)  marketers proving that the medications work. 
B)  marketers providing misinformation about the effectiveness of the herbal medicines. 
C)  decreased use of herbal medicines. 
D)  none of these. 
A)  marketers proving that the medications work. 
B)  marketers providing misinformation about the effectiveness of the herbal medicines. 
C)  decreased use of herbal medicines. 
D)  none of these. B

Question 3

Edward Jenner noticed that the milkmaids who milked cows by hand often were infected with cowpox and that their infections were mild. He also noticed that these same milkmaids did not contract smallpox, which was a much more serious disease. He presumed that the cowpox infections prevented the milkmaids from contracting the much more serious disease of smallpox. Subsequently he began vaccinating people with the pus-like material from cowpox lesions to determine if his thinking was correct. In the story above, the underlined portion is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis. 
B)  observation. 
C)  theory. 
D)  experiment. 
A)  hypothesis. 
B)  observation. 
C)  theory. 
D)  experiment. A

Question 4

One of the characteristics of life is

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to diffuse materials. 
B)  being able to adapt to new environmental conditions. 
C)  being made up of inorganic material. 
D)  All of these statements are true. 
A)  the ability to diffuse materials. 
B)  being able to adapt to new environmental conditions. 
C)  being made up of inorganic material. 
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 5

A theory and a hypothesis are different in that

Accepted Answer

A)  you must have a theory before you can form a hypothesis. 
B)  a theory is developed as a result of broad agreement among scientists and a hypothesis is a much less substantiated idea. 
C)  a theory is much easier to disprove than a hypothesis. 
D)  a theory can never be disproved while a hypothesis can. 
A)  you must have a theory before you can form a hypothesis. 
B)  a theory is developed as a result of broad agreement among scientists and a hypothesis is a much less substantiated idea. 
C)  a theory is much easier to disprove than a hypothesis. 
D)  a theory can never be disproved while a hypothesis can.

Question 6

When a scientist sees patterns among a number of isolated facts,

Accepted Answer

A)  laws or principles can be developed. 
B)  the patterns are assumed to have meaning. 
C)  elaborate tests must be developed to see if a cause-and-effect relationship exists. 
D)  as a rule, the pattern must be published. 
A)  laws or principles can be developed. 
B)  the patterns are assumed to have meaning. 
C)  elaborate tests must be developed to see if a cause-and-effect relationship exists. 
D)  as a rule, the pattern must be published.

Question 7

In an experiment, the group used as a basis of comparison is the

Accepted Answer

A)  control group. 
B)  experimental group. 
C)  empirical group. 
D)  variable group. 
A)  control group. 
B)  experimental group. 
C)  empirical group. 
D)  variable group.

Question 8

A good experimental design should

Accepted Answer

A)  be designed to prove a hypothesis is correct. 
B)  be able to be repeated. 
C)  not have an independent variable. 
D)  All of these statements are true. 
A)  be designed to prove a hypothesis is correct. 
B)  be able to be repeated. 
C)  not have an independent variable. 
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 9

Which term BEST describes populations of trees, insects, mammals, fungi, bacteria, and many other organisms that interact in any location?

Accepted Answer

A)  biosphere 
B)  ecosystem 
C)  bioregion 
D)  community 
A)  biosphere 
B)  ecosystem 
C)  bioregion 
D)  community

Question 10

Astronomy and astrology are different in that

Accepted Answer

A)  astrology does not use facts. 
B)  astronomy does not make predictions. 
C)  astrology does not test its rules. 
D)  astronomy does not form rules. 
A)  astrology does not use facts. 
B)  astronomy does not make predictions. 
C)  astrology does not test its rules. 
D)  astronomy does not form rules.

Question 11

Which one of the following is a description of a controlled experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Group I, 50 mice provided with food (mouse pellets) and a water bottle Group II, 25 mice provide with food (corn) and provided with water in a tray. 
B)  Group I, 25 mice provided with food (mouse pellets) and a water bottle Group II, 50 mice but only half the mice are provide with food (mouse pellets) and a water bottle. 
C)  Group A, 50 mice provided with food (mouse pellets) and a water bottle Group B, 50 mice provided with food (corn) and provided with water in a tray. 
D)  Group A, 50 mice provided with food (mouse pellets) and a water bottle Group B, 50 mice provided with food (corn) and water in a water bottle. 
A)  Group I, 50 mice provided with food (mouse pellets) and a water bottle Group II, 25 mice provide with food (corn) and provided with water in a tray. 
B)  Group I, 25 mice provided with food (mouse pellets) and a water bottle Group II, 50 mice but only half the mice are provide with food (mouse pellets) and a water bottle. 
C)  Group A, 50 mice provided with food (mouse pellets) and a water bottle Group B, 50 mice provided with food (corn) and provided with water in a tray. 
D)  Group A, 50 mice provided with food (mouse pellets) and a water bottle Group B, 50 mice provided with food (corn) and water in a water bottle.

Question 12

Which of the following would be LEAST likely to use the results of scientific research in his or her daily profession?

Accepted Answer

A)  farmer 
B)  doctor 
C)  baseball player 
D)  violin maker 
A)  farmer 
B)  doctor 
C)  baseball player 
D)  violin maker

Question 13

___________ are the fundamental structural units of all living things.

Accepted Answer

A)  Molecules 
B)  Atoms 
C)  Cells 
D)  Protons 
A)  Molecules 
B)  Atoms 
C)  Cells 
D)  Protons

Question 14

If one group is given some medicine that may cure a disease and the other group is given a sugar pill, the group who got the medicine is the

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypothetical group. 
B)  Scientific group. 
C)  Control group. 
D)  Experimental group. 
A)  Hypothetical group. 
B)  Scientific group. 
C)  Control group. 
D)  Experimental group.

Question 15

Information gained by observation is

Accepted Answer

A)  always accurate. 
B)  empirical evidence. 
C)  called a variable. 
D)  the control. 
A)  always accurate. 
B)  empirical evidence. 
C)  called a variable. 
D)  the control.

Question 16

When using the scientific method, scientists make several fundamental assumptions. Which of these does not make sense, based on your knowledge of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are specific causes for events observed in the natural world. 
B)  The causes for events can be identified. 
C)  There are general rules or patterns that can be used to describe what happens in nature. 
D)  An event that occurs repeatedly probably has different causes. 
A)  There are specific causes for events observed in the natural world. 
B)  The causes for events can be identified. 
C)  There are general rules or patterns that can be used to describe what happens in nature. 
D)  An event that occurs repeatedly probably has different causes.

Question 17

Science

Accepted Answer

A)  answers questions concerning values and morals. 
B)  creates theories and laws that are always true. 
C)  is a process used to arrive at a solution to a problem. 
D)  has all of the answers to the problems that plague mankind. 
A)  answers questions concerning values and morals. 
B)  creates theories and laws that are always true. 
C)  is a process used to arrive at a solution to a problem. 
D)  has all of the answers to the problems that plague mankind.

Question 18

Pseudoscience and nonscience differ in that

Accepted Answer

A)  nonscience is not valuable and pseudoscience is valuable. 
B)  pseudoscience deceives, misleads, or misinforms and this is not a primary characteristic of nonscience. 
C)  nonscience forms hypotheses and pseudoscience does not. 
D)  pseudoscience has led to major changes in intellectual thought and nonscience has not. 
A)  nonscience is not valuable and pseudoscience is valuable. 
B)  pseudoscience deceives, misleads, or misinforms and this is not a primary characteristic of nonscience. 
C)  nonscience forms hypotheses and pseudoscience does not. 
D)  pseudoscience has led to major changes in intellectual thought and nonscience has not.

Question 19

"I've gotten the same result over and over again!" This statement best demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A)  reliability. 
B)  validity. 
C)  the placebo effect. 
D)  All of these statements are true. 
A)  reliability. 
B)  validity. 
C)  the placebo effect. 
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of adaptation, one of the characteristics of life?

Accepted Answer

A)  The evolutionary changes that occur to a species 
B)  Sexual reproduction 
C)  Organismal organization 
D)  Metabolism 
A)  The evolutionary changes that occur to a species 
B)  Sexual reproduction 
C)  Organismal organization 
D)  Metabolism

Exam 1: What Is Biology

Although scientific fraud does occur, it is usually discovered because

Removal of herbal medicines from USDA regulation by the DSHEA in 1994 led to

One of the characteristics of life is

A theory and a hypothesis are different in that

When a scientist sees patterns among a number of isolated facts,

In an experiment, the group used as a basis of comparison is the

A good experimental design should

Which term BEST describes populations of trees, insects, mammals, fungi, bacteria, and many other organisms that interact in any location?

Astronomy and astrology are different in that

Which one of the following is a description of a controlled experiment?

Which of the following would be LEAST likely to use the results of scientific research in his or her daily profession?

___________ are the fundamental structural units of all living things.

If one group is given some medicine that may cure a disease and the other group is given a sugar pill, the group who got the medicine is the

Information gained by observation is

When using the scientific method, scientists make several fundamental assumptions. Which of these does not make sense, based on your knowledge of the scientific method?

Science

Pseudoscience and nonscience differ in that

"I've gotten the same result over and over again!" This statement best demonstrates

Which of the following is an example of adaptation, one of the characteristics of life?

The Basics of Life: Chemistry

Organic Molecules: The Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Enzymes, Coenzymes, and Energy

Biochemical Pathways: Cellular Respiration

Biochemical Pathways: Photosynthesis

DNA and RNA: The Molecular Basis of Heredity

Cell Division: Proliferation and Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Applications of Biotechnology

Diversity Within Species and Population Genetics

Evolution and Natural Selection

The Formation of Species and Evolutionary Change

Ecosystem Dynamics: The Flow of Energy and Matter

Community Interactions

Population Ecology

Evolutionary and Ecological Aspects of Behavior

The Origin of Life and the Evolution of Cells

The Classification and Evolution of Organisms

The Nature of Microorganisms

The Plant Kingdom

The Animal Kingdom

Materials Exchange in the Body

Nutrition: Food and Diet

The Bodys Control Mechanisms and Immunity

Human Reproduction, Sex, and Sexuality

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