Question 1

Base pairs in DNA are attracted to each other by

Accepted Answer

A)  ionic bonds. 
B)  covalent bonds. 
C)  hydrogen bonds. 
D)  unzipping enzymes. 
A)  ionic bonds. 
B)  covalent bonds. 
C)  hydrogen bonds. 
D)  unzipping enzymes. C

Question 2

The process of manufacturing RNA from template DNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription. 
B)  replication. 
C)  translation. 
D)  protein synthesis. 
A)  transcription. 
B)  replication. 
C)  translation. 
D)  protein synthesis. A

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT needed for transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes 
B)  DNA 
C)  RNA nucleotides 
D)  ribosomes 
A)  enzymes 
B)  DNA 
C)  RNA nucleotides 
D)  ribosomes D

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA-tRNA-mRNA-Protein 
B)  mRNA-tRNA-Ribosome-Protein 
C)  DNA-mRNA-tRNA-Ribosome-Protein 
D)  tRNA-mRNA-DNA-Protein 
A)  DNA-tRNA-mRNA-Protein 
B)  mRNA-tRNA-Ribosome-Protein 
C)  DNA-mRNA-tRNA-Ribosome-Protein 
D)  tRNA-mRNA-DNA-Protein

Question 5

If a protein is supposed to consist of the amino acid sequence valine-valine-histidine and instead it consists of the sequence alanine-valine-histidine, most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  there has been a point mutation in the first codon. 
B)  there has been a point mutation at the eighth base pair. 
C)  the change will not be noticed. 
D)  this is a gross mutation; the organism will not survive. 
A)  there has been a point mutation in the first codon. 
B)  there has been a point mutation at the eighth base pair. 
C)  the change will not be noticed. 
D)  this is a gross mutation; the organism will not survive.

Question 6

Not every piece of DNA is used in a cell to make proteins because

Accepted Answer

A)  some of the DNA is used for regulation of gene expression. 
B)  not all genes are needed in every cell. 
C)  some sequences are needed to stabilize the end of the chromosomes. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  some of the DNA is used for regulation of gene expression. 
B)  not all genes are needed in every cell. 
C)  some sequences are needed to stabilize the end of the chromosomes. 
D)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 7

DNA nucleotide sequences that indicate when RNA polymerase should finish making an RNA molecule are called

Accepted Answer

A)  enhancer sequences. 
B)  elongation sequences. 
C)  genetic recombinant sequences. 
D)  termination sequences. 
A)  enhancer sequences. 
B)  elongation sequences. 
C)  genetic recombinant sequences. 
D)  termination sequences.

Question 8

In DNA replication,

Accepted Answer

A)  a new noncoding strand is made for the coding strand. 
B)  a new coding strand is made for the noncoding strand. 
C)  Both of these occur. 
D)  None of these occur. 
A)  a new noncoding strand is made for the coding strand. 
B)  a new coding strand is made for the noncoding strand. 
C)  Both of these occur. 
D)  None of these occur.

Question 9

These proteins are clustered with their encircling DNA into structures called nucleosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  histones 
B)  plastids 
C)  exons 
D)  carrier proteins 
A)  histones 
B)  plastids 
C)  exons 
D)  carrier proteins

Question 10

The molecule that carries the message of the gene from the nucleus to the ribosome is

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA. 
B)  tRNA. 
C)  mRNA. 
D)  rRNA. 
A)  DNA. 
B)  tRNA. 
C)  mRNA. 
D)  rRNA.

Question 11

If the mRNA base is uracil, the complementary base in translation is

Accepted Answer

A)  thymine. 
B)  cytosine. 
C)  adenine. 
D)  uracil. 
A)  thymine. 
B)  cytosine. 
C)  adenine. 
D)  uracil.

Question 12

Cells regulate gene expression by

Accepted Answer

A)  producing termination factors. 
B)  turning on DNAase genes. 
C)  adding histones to the DNA. 
D)  limiting the length of time that mRNA is available for translation. 
A)  producing termination factors. 
B)  turning on DNAase genes. 
C)  adding histones to the DNA. 
D)  limiting the length of time that mRNA is available for translation.

Question 13

Which one of the following is necessary for messenger RNA to be formed in the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosomes must be present. 
B)  The cell must have an abundant supply of DNA nucleotides. 
C)  RNA polymerase must be present and functioning. 
D)  Chromosomes must be synapsed. 
A)  Ribosomes must be present. 
B)  The cell must have an abundant supply of DNA nucleotides. 
C)  RNA polymerase must be present and functioning. 
D)  Chromosomes must be synapsed.

Question 14

If all the possible three-letter codes were written using only the four DNA nucleotides for letters, there would be a total of _______ combinations possible.

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  20 
C)  64 
D)  32 
A)  4 
B)  20 
C)  64 
D)  32

Question 15

Which of the following is necessary for DNA to make copies of itself?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosomes must be present. 
B)  The cell must have an abundant supply of RNA nucleotides. 
C)  The two strands of the DNA molecule must separate. 
D)  Chromosomes must be synapsed. 
A)  Ribosomes must be present. 
B)  The cell must have an abundant supply of RNA nucleotides. 
C)  The two strands of the DNA molecule must separate. 
D)  Chromosomes must be synapsed.

Question 16

The terms exon and intron are best associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription. 
B)  translation. 
C)  replication. 
D)  prokaryotic cells. 
A)  transcription. 
B)  translation. 
C)  replication. 
D)  prokaryotic cells.

Question 17

Which of the following in NOT one of the 4 types of chromosomal aberrations?

Accepted Answer

A)  translocation 
B)  duplication 
C)  inversion 
D)  alternative reversions 
A)  translocation 
B)  duplication 
C)  inversion 
D)  alternative reversions

Question 18

A change of information from normal hemoglobin to sickle hemoglobin is a

Accepted Answer

A)  gross mutation. 
B)  structural mutation. 
C)  point mutation. 
D)  natural result of your skin color. 
A)  gross mutation. 
B)  structural mutation. 
C)  point mutation. 
D)  natural result of your skin color.

Question 19

Which one of the following correctly describes the way in which DNA works?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA makes RNA and RNA changes into protein. 
B)  DNA makes amino acids which form ribosomes. 
C)  DNA makes mRNA which directs where tRNA places amino acids. 
D)  DNA makes mRNA which manufactures amino acids which attach to tRNA. 
A)  DNA makes RNA and RNA changes into protein. 
B)  DNA makes amino acids which form ribosomes. 
C)  DNA makes mRNA which directs where tRNA places amino acids. 
D)  DNA makes mRNA which manufactures amino acids which attach to tRNA.

Question 20

If a single strand of mature messenger RNA contains 12 coding nucleotides, the protein that it will manufacture will have ___________ amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  four 
C)  six 
D)  twelve 
A)  one 
B)  four 
C)  six 
D)  twelve

Exam 8: DNA and RNA: The Molecular Basis of Heredity

Base pairs in DNA are attracted to each other by

The process of manufacturing RNA from template DNA is

Which of the following is NOT needed for transcription?

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in protein synthesis?

If a protein is supposed to consist of the amino acid sequence valine-valine-histidine and instead it consists of the sequence alanine-valine-histidine, most likely

Not every piece of DNA is used in a cell to make proteins because

DNA nucleotide sequences that indicate when RNA polymerase should finish making an RNA molecule are called

In DNA replication,

These proteins are clustered with their encircling DNA into structures called nucleosomes.

The molecule that carries the message of the gene from the nucleus to the ribosome is

If the mRNA base is uracil, the complementary base in translation is

Cells regulate gene expression by

Which one of the following is necessary for messenger RNA to be formed in the nucleus?

If all the possible three-letter codes were written using only the four DNA nucleotides for letters, there would be a total of _______ combinations possible.

Which of the following is necessary for DNA to make copies of itself?

The terms exon and intron are best associated with

Which of the following in NOT one of the 4 types of chromosomal aberrations?

A change of information from normal hemoglobin to sickle hemoglobin is a

Which one of the following correctly describes the way in which DNA works?

If a single strand of mature messenger RNA contains 12 coding nucleotides, the protein that it will manufacture will have ___________ amino acids.

What Is Biology

The Basics of Life: Chemistry

Organic Molecules: The Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Enzymes, Coenzymes, and Energy

Biochemical Pathways: Cellular Respiration

Biochemical Pathways: Photosynthesis

Cell Division: Proliferation and Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Applications of Biotechnology

Diversity Within Species and Population Genetics

Evolution and Natural Selection

The Formation of Species and Evolutionary Change

Ecosystem Dynamics: The Flow of Energy and Matter

Community Interactions

Population Ecology

Evolutionary and Ecological Aspects of Behavior

The Origin of Life and the Evolution of Cells

The Classification and Evolution of Organisms

The Nature of Microorganisms

The Plant Kingdom

The Animal Kingdom

Materials Exchange in the Body

Nutrition: Food and Diet

The Bodys Control Mechanisms and Immunity

Human Reproduction, Sex, and Sexuality

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