Exam 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Four-month-old Michaela groups stimuli on the basis of shape and size.This means that Michaela is able to __________.

Define the concepts of adaptation,assimilation,and accommodation.Explain how the balance between assimilation and accommodation varies over time with regard to cognitive equilibrium and disequilibrium.

Describe the social-interactionist view of language development.

A recent evaluation showed that by age 3,children in Early Head Start __________.

Dr.Smirnov is interested in measuring infant intelligence as a predictor of preschool mental test performance.He should use __________.

Laboratory research suggests that deferred imitation is __________.

In Piaget's Substage __________,8- to 12-month-olds can engage in intentional,or goal-directed,behavior.

__________ is more challenging than __________.

When children are not changing much cognitively,they __________ more than they __________.

Although the __________ is biased for language processing,if it is injured in the early years,other regions take over.

In Piaget's theory,each time the back-and-forth movement between equilibrium and disequilibrium occurs,__________.

In the second year,attraction to __________ declines and __________ increases.

__________ are so well-learned that they require no space in working memory and,therefore,permit us to focus on other information while performing them.

When intelligence tests are standardized,the mean IQ is set at __________.

In the second year,the circular reaction __________.

Chomsky's LAD is a(n)__________.

The Vygotskian concept of zone of proximal development refers to __________.

In the short-term memory store,__________.

__________ sustains the benefits of growing up in an economically advantaged family and can reduce the negative impact of a stressed,poverty-stricken home life.

Describe the signs of developmentally appropriate infant and toddler child care.