Exam 8: Layer 1 Networking Protocols

Which is not a type of ring architecture in SONET?

The SONET level that carries 155 Mbps of information is the:

The keep alive signal is required when no signal is present in order to keep the end pieces of equipment ________.

Bits used to carry information about a signal, such as error rates, are called:

The acronym used to describe the practice of breaking information into chunks and placing it in specific time slots is ________.

When a DS-3 is optioned for ________, there is no framing format attached.

A known advantage of SONET over the North American Digital standard is that it:

A BLSR ring provides better bandwidth usage than the UPSR but is more complicated and has a slightly longer switch-to-protect time.

The most common line-coding scheme used today is:

In a(n) ________ signal, there is no timing source.

One OC-48 signal can carry as many as 32,000 simultaneous voice conversations.

The portion of the circuit that connects one SONET fiber multiplexer to another is called the ________.

The purpose of the 560 Mbps system is to multiplex more information on one fiber-optic strand.

The main difference between ESF (extended superframe) and SF (superframe) is the number of frames within the master frame.

A 64 kbps channel has an overall bit rate of ________ kbps.

Which of the following is not a method used to define the structure of the DS-3 signal?

Cyclic redundancy check guarantees a 99.999% error-free circuit and is considered equally as efficient as SF error-checking.

The framing standard that improves the reliability of the circuit and extends the number of overhead bits available is called:

The names DS-2 and T1 are used interchangeably

Clear channel signaling is used instead of robbed bit signaling to eliminate the loss of bits when ________ is being transported.