Question 1

The thickness of Earth's crust varies from ________.

Accepted Answer

A) 100 to 500 m 
B) 1 to 10 km 
C) 5 to 500 km 
D) 7 to 70 km 
A) 100 to 500 m 
B) 1 to 10 km 
C) 5 to 500 km 
D) 7 to 70 km

Question 2

The distinction between the crust and the mantle is primarily on the basis of a difference in ________;the distinction between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere is primarily on the basis of a difference in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) composition;the ability to flow without breaking 
B) color;composition 
C) the ability to flow without breaking;composition 
D) composition;composition as well 
A) composition;the ability to flow without breaking 
B) color;composition 
C) the ability to flow without breaking;composition 
D) composition;composition as well

Question 3

The figure below shows the hypsometric curve for Earth.Which of the following can be concluded from the plot of this data?

Accepted Answer

A) Regions of high elevation (> 4 km)are common on Earth. 
B) Most of the continents are between 0 and 1 km above sea level. 
C) Elevations of -10 km to 8 km are nearly uniformly distributed across Earth's surface. 
D) Most of the sea floor is more than 6 km below sea level. 
A) Regions of high elevation (> 4 km)are common on Earth. 
B) Most of the continents are between 0 and 1 km above sea level. 
C) Elevations of -10 km to 8 km are nearly uniformly distributed across Earth's surface. 
D) Most of the sea floor is more than 6 km below sea level.

Question 4

The image below shows an example of which type of heat transfer?

Accepted Answer

A) radiation 
B) conduction 
C) convection 
D) advection 
A) radiation 
B) conduction 
C) convection 
D) advection

Question 5

During a journey to the center of the Earth,one would experience temperature ________.

Accepted Answer

A) and pressure both increasing 
B) and pressure both decreasing 
C) increasing,but pressure staying nearly the same 
D) remaining remarkably constant,but pressure increasing 
A) and pressure both increasing 
B) and pressure both decreasing 
C) increasing,but pressure staying nearly the same 
D) remaining remarkably constant,but pressure increasing

Question 6

In general,seismic (earthquake-generated)waves travel ________ in the mantle compared to the shallow crust.

Accepted Answer

A) faster 
B) slower 
C) at the same velocity 
D) Seismic waves do not travel through the mantle. 
A) faster 
B) slower 
C) at the same velocity 
D) Seismic waves do not travel through the mantle.

Question 7

The density of rocks is generally related to composition.Which of the following choices places rock compositions in order of increasing density?

Accepted Answer

A) felsic,intermediate,ultramafic,mafic 
B) ultramafic,mafic,intermediate,felsic 
C) felsic,intermediate,mafic,ultramafic 
D) mafic,ultramafic,intermediate,felsic 
A) felsic,intermediate,ultramafic,mafic 
B) ultramafic,mafic,intermediate,felsic 
C) felsic,intermediate,mafic,ultramafic 
D) mafic,ultramafic,intermediate,felsic

Question 8

Most of the ocean floor is made up of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) deep-ocean trenches (8 to 11 km below sea level) 
B) abyssal plains (4 to 5 km below sea level) 
C) mid-ocean ridges (less than 2.5 km below sea level) 
D) Elevations of the sea floor are nearly uniformly distributed from sea level to 11 km depth. 
A) deep-ocean trenches (8 to 11 km below sea level) 
B) abyssal plains (4 to 5 km below sea level) 
C) mid-ocean ridges (less than 2.5 km below sea level) 
D) Elevations of the sea floor are nearly uniformly distributed from sea level to 11 km depth.

Question 9

The lithosphere is composed of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) crust only 
B) crust,mantle,and outer core 
C) top 100 m of sediments and sedimentary rocks 
D) crust and the uppermost part of the mantle 
A) crust only 
B) crust,mantle,and outer core 
C) top 100 m of sediments and sedimentary rocks 
D) crust and the uppermost part of the mantle

Question 10

As compared to ultramafic rocks,mafic rocks have a ________.

Accepted Answer

A) greater proportion of silica 
B) lesser proportion of silica 
C) greater proportion of iron and magnesium atoms 
D) greater density 
A) greater proportion of silica 
B) lesser proportion of silica 
C) greater proportion of iron and magnesium atoms 
D) greater density

Question 11

Earth's surface is protected from solar wind and cosmic radiation by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Earth's gravitational field 
B) Earth's magnetic field 
C) a large,metallic shield launched into orbit by NASA in the 1960s 
D) a powerful stream of ions emitted by the Sun 
A) Earth's gravitational field 
B) Earth's magnetic field 
C) a large,metallic shield launched into orbit by NASA in the 1960s 
D) a powerful stream of ions emitted by the Sun

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an example of sediment?

Accepted Answer

A) sand 
B) ground-up seashells 
C) cobblestones on a beach 
D) sandstone 
A) sand 
B) ground-up seashells 
C) cobblestones on a beach 
D) sandstone

Exam 2: Journey to the Center of the Earth

The thickness of Earth's crust varies from ________.

The distinction between the crust and the mantle is primarily on the basis of a difference in ________;the distinction between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere is primarily on the basis of a difference in ________.

The figure below shows the hypsometric curve for Earth.Which of the following can be concluded from the plot of this data?

The image below shows an example of which type of heat transfer?

During a journey to the center of the Earth,one would experience temperature ________.

In general,seismic (earthquake-generated)waves travel ________ in the mantle compared to the shallow crust.

The density of rocks is generally related to composition.Which of the following choices places rock compositions in order of increasing density?

Most of the ocean floor is made up of ________.

The lithosphere is composed of the ________.

As compared to ultramafic rocks,mafic rocks have a ________.

Earth's surface is protected from solar wind and cosmic radiation by ________.

Which of the following is NOT an example of sediment?

Cosmology and the Birth of Earth

Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: a Process of Change

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags,cracks,and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Squeezing Power From a Stone: Energy Resources

Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: the Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

An Envelope of Gas: Earths Atmosphere and Climate

Dry Regions: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Introducing Rocks

a Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

the Rock Cycle in the Earth System

the Earths Interior, revisited: Seismic Layering, gravity, and the Magnetic Field

Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

Ever-Changing Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

Filters

The distinction between the crust and the mantle is primarily on the basis of a difference in ;the distinction between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere is primarily on the basis of a difference in .