Exam 10: Behavior in Groups

A(n) ________ reward structure exists when the outcomes of individuals are independent of each other.

Martina believes that the group project she is working on is very important, and she observes that her group members are performing inadequately. What is Martina most likely to do?

Task leadership focuses on the interpersonal aspects of group interaction.

According to Robert Zajonc, the presence of others increases a person's

When an individual's contribution to a collective activity cannot be evaluated, individuals often work less hard than they would have alone.

Describe Zajonc's theories of why the presence of others sometimes improves performance and at other times diminishes the quality of performance.

Social facilitation occurs

Gustave Le Bon is known for formulating the concept of social contagion.

People often seek out and prefer information that __________ their initial belief.

Contemporary research has shown that when the initial opinions of group members are conservative, group discussion tends to result in a shift toward more extreme conservatism.

Which of the following constitutes a group as defined by the text?

Your roommate spends hours in front of a mirror before going out on a blind date. You say to yourself, "He is clearly suffering from

Fiedler describes leaders who are motivated primarily to accomplish the group's function as

According to Irving Janis, _____ can lead a seemingly reasonable and intelligent group of people to make a decision that leads to disaster.

A(n) ________ is a situation in which the most rewarding short-term choice for an individual will ultimately lead to negative outcomes for all concerned.

A(n) ________ task is one in which all group members must succeed for the group to succeed.

The presence of others sometimes enhances and sometimes impairs an individual's performance.

It has been found that, overall, in the "Prisoner's Dilemma"game, more communication leads to more cooperation.

On complex tasks the pressure of being evaluated can spur one to greater effort.

The contingency model of leadership predicts that the kind of leaders who succeed in moderately controlled situations are