Question 1

Which of the following statements correctly describes the influence of ionotropic and metabotropic receptors?

Accepted Answer

A) Ionotropic receptors influence a small, local area of a cell, whereas metabotropic receptors can have wide-ranging, multiple effects on a cell. 
B)  Metabotropic receptors influence a small, local area of a cell, whereas ionotropic receptors can have wide-ranging, singular effects on a cell.​ 
C)  Both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors can have wide-ranging, distant effects on a cell.​ 
D)  Both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors influence a small, local area of a cell.​ 
A) Ionotropic receptors influence a small, local area of a cell, whereas metabotropic receptors can have wide-ranging, multiple effects on a cell. 
B)  Metabotropic receptors influence a small, local area of a cell, whereas ionotropic receptors can have wide-ranging, singular effects on a cell.​ 
C)  Both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors can have wide-ranging, distant effects on a cell.​ 
D)  Both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors influence a small, local area of a cell.​

Question 2

Synapses involving direct stimulation of adjacent cells without the use of special chemical messengers are known as _________ synapses.

Accepted Answer

A) electrical 
B)  chemical​ 
C) joined. 
D) adjacent 
A) electrical 
B)  chemical​ 
C) joined. 
D) adjacent

Question 3

Synaptic vesicles play no role in determining the amount of neurotransmitters they release into a synapse between neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

While Dr.Jackson is recording the activity of a squid axon,he finds that a larger depolarizing shock is necessary on occasion in order to produce a new action potential.What is the most likely explanation for Dr.Jackson's observations?

Accepted Answer

A) The squid axon is such an artificial laboratory preparation, it cannot be expected to respond like an axon in a living animal. 
B)  Dr. Jackson's second shock probably occurs during a relative refractory period.​ 
C)  Dr. Jackson's second shock probably occurs during an absolute refractory period.​ 
D)  The squid axon in the laboratory does not have functioning sodium-potassium pumps.​ 
A) The squid axon is such an artificial laboratory preparation, it cannot be expected to respond like an axon in a living animal. 
B)  Dr. Jackson's second shock probably occurs during a relative refractory period.​ 
C)  Dr. Jackson's second shock probably occurs during an absolute refractory period.​ 
D)  The squid axon in the laboratory does not have functioning sodium-potassium pumps.​

Question 5

Lethal injection interferes with the resting potential of cells by

Accepted Answer

A) increasing the concentration of extracellular sodium. 
B)  decreasing the concentration of extracellular sodium.​ 
C)  increasing the concentration of extracellular potassium.​ 
D)  decreasing the concentration of extracellular potassium.​ 
A) increasing the concentration of extracellular sodium. 
B)  decreasing the concentration of extracellular sodium.​ 
C)  increasing the concentration of extracellular potassium.​ 
D)  decreasing the concentration of extracellular potassium.​

Question 6

The relative refractory period occurs because

Accepted Answer

A) the cell is hyperpolarized, requiring a larger than normal stimulus in order to form another action potential. 
B) it takes time for the sodium-potassium pumps to return ion concentrations to the normal resting state. 
C) only one action potential at a time can travel the length of an axon. 
D) sodium channels cannot reopen until the cell regains its resting potential. 
A) the cell is hyperpolarized, requiring a larger than normal stimulus in order to form another action potential. 
B) it takes time for the sodium-potassium pumps to return ion concentrations to the normal resting state. 
C) only one action potential at a time can travel the length of an axon. 
D) sodium channels cannot reopen until the cell regains its resting potential.

Question 7

Exocytosis is the process that results in

Accepted Answer

A) the generation of action potentials. 
B)  the release of neurotransmitters by the presynaptic neuron.​ 
C)  reuptake of released neurotransmitter substance.​ 
D)  the interaction of a molecule of neurotransmitter and a receptor site.​ 
A) the generation of action potentials. 
B)  the release of neurotransmitters by the presynaptic neuron.​ 
C)  reuptake of released neurotransmitter substance.​ 
D)  the interaction of a molecule of neurotransmitter and a receptor site.​

Question 8

Following exocytosis,it is very important for calcium to be

Accepted Answer

A) pumped out of the axon terminal. 
B)  recaptured from the extracellular fluid.​ 
C)  returned to synaptic vesicles.​ 
D)  allowed to diffuse from the axon terminal back to towards the cell body.​ 
A) pumped out of the axon terminal. 
B)  recaptured from the extracellular fluid.​ 
C)  returned to synaptic vesicles.​ 
D)  allowed to diffuse from the axon terminal back to towards the cell body.​

Question 9

A single oligodendrocyte may myelinate axons from an average of _____ different neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  only 1 
B)  2-5 axons 
C)  6-10 
D) 15 or more 
A)  only 1 
B)  2-5 axons 
C)  6-10 
D) 15 or more

Question 10

EPSPs can last 5-10 times as long as an action potential.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The first consequence of a neuron's reaching threshold for an action potential is the opening of _________ channels.

Accepted Answer

A) voltage-dependent sodium 
B)  voltage-dependent potassium​ 
C) ligand-gated sodium 
D) ligand-gated potassium 
A) voltage-dependent sodium 
B)  voltage-dependent potassium​ 
C) ligand-gated sodium 
D) ligand-gated potassium

Question 12

A commonly used method of lethal injection involves the injection of potassium.Explain why having too much potassium in your extracellular fluid would be fatal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A commonly used method of lethal injection...

Question 13

Compared with segments of unmyelinated axon membrane,channels at a node of Ranvier are

Accepted Answer

A)  about the same density. 
B) about half the density. 
C) approximately twice as dense. 
D) approximately ten times as dense. 
A)  about the same density. 
B) about half the density. 
C) approximately twice as dense. 
D) approximately ten times as dense.

Question 14

Similar to a neuron's cell membrane,synaptic vesicles are made of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) outer layer of protein and an inner layer of phospholipid. 
B)  single layer of phospholipid.​ 
C)  double-lipid molecule structure.​ 
D)  double layer of protein.​ 
A) outer layer of protein and an inner layer of phospholipid. 
B)  single layer of phospholipid.​ 
C)  double-lipid molecule structure.​ 
D)  double layer of protein.​

Question 15

Which of the following statements correctly describes calcium's role in exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcium has no role in exocytosis. 
B)  Calcium stimulates autoreceptors.​ 
C)  Calcium frees synaptic vesicles from their protein anchors.​ 
D)  Calcium moves neurotransmitter molecules back into synaptic vesicles.​ 
A) Calcium has no role in exocytosis. 
B)  Calcium stimulates autoreceptors.​ 
C)  Calcium frees synaptic vesicles from their protein anchors.​ 
D)  Calcium moves neurotransmitter molecules back into synaptic vesicles.​

Question 16

What is the impact of IPSPs in a postsynaptic neuron?

Accepted Answer

Because IPSPs represent small

Question 17

The resting potential of a typical neuron is about _________ mV.

Accepted Answer

A) -70 
B)  +70​ 
C) -40 
D) +40 
A) -70 
B)  +70​ 
C) -40 
D) +40

Question 18

The action of tetanospasmin,the toxin responsible for tetanus,interferes with the

Accepted Answer

A) production of action potentials. 
B)  production of EPSPs.​ 
C) production of IPSPs. 
D) presynaptic facilitation. 
A) production of action potentials. 
B)  production of EPSPs.​ 
C) production of IPSPs. 
D) presynaptic facilitation.

Question 19

An important function of the astrocytes is to regulate the chemical environment of the synaptic gap.In particular,the astrocytes remove excess amounts of which of the following chemicals from the gap?

Accepted Answer

A) magnesium 
B) potassium 
C) sodium 
D) tetrodotoxin 
A) magnesium 
B) potassium 
C) sodium 
D) tetrodotoxin

Question 20

The largest of the three types of cytoskeleton fibers are the

Accepted Answer

A) microfilaments. 
B)  neurofilaments.​ 
C) tau proteins. 
D) microtubules. 
A) microfilaments. 
B)  neurofilaments.​ 
C) tau proteins. 
D) microtubules.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the influence of ionotropic and metabotropic receptors?

Synapses involving direct stimulation of adjacent cells without the use of special chemical messengers are known as _________ synapses.

Synaptic vesicles play no role in determining the amount of neurotransmitters they release into a synapse between neurons.

While Dr.Jackson is recording the activity of a squid axon,he finds that a larger depolarizing shock is necessary on occasion in order to produce a new action potential.What is the most likely explanation for Dr.Jackson's observations?

Lethal injection interferes with the resting potential of cells by

The relative refractory period occurs because

Exocytosis is the process that results in

Following exocytosis,it is very important for calcium to be

A single oligodendrocyte may myelinate axons from an average of _____ different neurons.

EPSPs can last 5-10 times as long as an action potential.

The first consequence of a neuron's reaching threshold for an action potential is the opening of _________ channels.

A commonly used method of lethal injection involves the injection of potassium.Explain why having too much potassium in your extracellular fluid would be fatal.

Compared with segments of unmyelinated axon membrane,channels at a node of Ranvier are

Similar to a neuron's cell membrane,synaptic vesicles are made of a(n)

Which of the following statements correctly describes calcium's role in exocytosis?

What is the impact of IPSPs in a postsynaptic neuron?

The resting potential of a typical neuron is about _________ mV.

The action of tetanospasmin,the toxin responsible for tetanus,interferes with the

An important function of the astrocytes is to regulate the chemical environment of the synaptic gap.In particular,the astrocytes remove excess amounts of which of the following chemicals from the gap?

The largest of the three types of cytoskeleton fibers are the

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis and Motivation

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Hemispheric Asymmetry, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

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Exam 3: Neurophysiology: the Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Which of the following statements correctly describes the influence of ionotropic and metabotropic receptors?

Synapses involving direct stimulation of adjacent cells without the use of special chemical messengers are known as _________ synapses.

Synaptic vesicles play no role in determining the amount of neurotransmitters they release into a synapse between neurons.

While Dr.Jackson is recording the activity of a squid axon,he finds that a larger depolarizing shock is necessary on occasion in order to produce a new action potential.What is the most likely explanation for Dr.Jackson's observations?

Lethal injection interferes with the resting potential of cells by

The relative refractory period occurs because

Exocytosis is the process that results in

Following exocytosis,it is very important for calcium to be

A single oligodendrocyte may myelinate axons from an average of _____ different neurons.

EPSPs can last 5-10 times as long as an action potential.

The first consequence of a neuron's reaching threshold for an action potential is the opening of _________ channels.

A commonly used method of lethal injection involves the injection of potassium.Explain why having too much potassium in your extracellular fluid would be fatal.

Compared with segments of unmyelinated axon membrane,channels at a node of Ranvier are

Similar to a neuron's cell membrane,synaptic vesicles are made of a(n)

Which of the following statements correctly describes calcium's role in exocytosis?

What is the impact of IPSPs in a postsynaptic neuron?

The resting potential of a typical neuron is about _________ mV.

The action of tetanospasmin,the toxin responsible for tetanus,interferes with the

An important function of the astrocytes is to regulate the chemical environment of the synaptic gap.In particular,the astrocytes remove excess amounts of which of the following chemicals from the gap?

The largest of the three types of cytoskeleton fibers are the

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Homeostasis and Motivation

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Hemispheric Asymmetry, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters